How to abbreviate sentences jingle

1. How to abbreviate sentences

How to abbreviate sentences How to abbreviate sentences?

How to abbreviate a sentence

1. To abbreviate a sentence is to remove the "branches" that modify and restrict the sentence, retain the "backbone" part that makes the meaning of the sentence complete, and abbreviate the sentence as A simplest sentence. Such as

Original sentence: The midday sun shines hotly on the entire forest.

Abbreviation: The sun shines on the woods.

The original sentence is richer and more specific than the indented sentence, but the indented sentence is more concise and general than the original sentence. This exercise can help us understand the main meaning of more complex sentences, in a sense It is said that it can cultivate our generalization ability. It can also be used as a way to check whether more complex sentences are correct.

2. Methods and steps for abbreviating sentences

(1) Read the original sentence carefully and understand the meaning of the sentence.

(2) Find the main part of the sentence "who" (what), "what" or "how" (subject, predicate, object), and delete the secondary parts (definite, adverb, adjective, (Supplement)

(3) Check whether it is reduced to the simplest sentence and whether the main meaning of the original sentence is maintained.

3. Things to note when abbreviating sentences

(1) The abbreviated sentence should retain the basic meaning of the original sentence, and the sentence pattern cannot be changed. For example, "My brother has a beautiful hairstyle." It should be abbreviated to "nice hair". If the abbreviation is "Brother is beautiful". is wrong because it changes the original meaning of the sentence.

(2) Remove all the modifying words in the sentence, that is, the so-called branches and leaves, as much as possible. You cannot remove a little and leave a little. For example, "He told everyone the details of what happened in great detail." should be abbreviated to "He told everyone what happened." If abbreviated to "He told everyone what happened." or "He told everyone what happened." are both abbreviations. Incomplete, incomplete, cannot be considered correct. But some special sentences cannot delete all the "branches and leaves". For example, "My classmate Chen Yumei's mother turns out to be the sister of my neighbor Uncle Wang." It should be abbreviated to "Chen Yumei's mother is Uncle Wang's sister." If it were abbreviated to "My mother is my sister," it would become a joke. So, what Whether all branches and leaves should be removed depends on the content of the sentence.

(3) Negative words such as "no, no, no" in the sentence should be retained when shortening the sentence and cannot be removed, otherwise the original meaning of the sentence may be reversed. For example, "I didn't find the bag with books in the house" should be shortened to "I didn't find the bag." If "no" is removed, it becomes "I found the bag" which is very different from the meaning of the original sentence and is completely wrong.

(4) In the sentence, the modal particles such as "zu, lu, guo" after the predicate and "ah, ma, ah, ni" after the object should be retained. If they are removed, the sentence structure of the sentence may be changed. , structure or tone, emotion. For example, "The calm water surface suddenly rippled with circles." It can be abbreviated to "the water ripples." Another example is "The heavy rain that fell last night was really a timely rain!" can be abbreviated to "This heavy rain was really a timely rain!" Such abbreviation can make the original sentence and the abbreviated sentence consistent in terms of emotion and tone.

Principles of abbreviating sentences

Hello! How to abbreviate a sentence 1. To abbreviate a sentence is to remove the "branches" that modify and restrict the sentence, retain the "backbone" part that makes the sentence complete, and abbreviate the sentence into the simplest sentence.

As in the original sentence: The midday sun shines hotly on the entire forest. Abbreviation: The sun shines on the woods.

The original sentence is richer and more specific than the indented sentence, but the indented sentence is more concise and general than the original sentence. This exercise can help us understand the main meaning of more complex sentences, in a sense It is said that it can cultivate our generalization ability. It can also be used as a way to check whether more complex sentences are correct.

2. Methods and steps for abbreviating sentences (1) Read the original sentence carefully and understand the meaning of the sentence. (2) Find the main part of the sentence "who" (what), "what" or "how" (subject, predicate, object), delete the secondary parts (definitive, adverbial, complement) (3) Check whether Condensed into the simplest sentence, whether the main meaning of the original sentence is maintained.

3. Things to note when abbreviating sentences (1) The abbreviated sentence should retain the basic meaning of the original sentence, and the sentence pattern cannot be changed. For example, "My brother has a beautiful hairstyle."

Should be abbreviated to "nice hair". If the abbreviation is "Brother is beautiful".

is wrong because it changes the original meaning of the sentence. (2) Remove all the modifying words in the sentence, that is, the so-called branches and leaves, as much as possible. You cannot remove a little and leave a little.

For example, "He told everyone the details of what happened in great detail." should be abbreviated to "He told everyone what happened."

If it is abbreviated to "He told everyone what happened." ” or “He told what happened.”

These are incomplete, incomplete, and cannot be considered correct. But some special sentences cannot delete all the "branches and leaves".

For example, "My classmate Chen Yumei's mother turns out to be the sister of my neighbor Uncle Wang." should be abbreviated to "Chen Yumei's mother is Uncle Wang's sister."

If abbreviated to "Mom is my sister" has become a joke, so what kind of branches and leaves should be removed depends on the content of the sentence. (3) Negative words such as "no, no, no" in the sentence should be retained when shortening the sentence and cannot be removed, otherwise the original meaning of the sentence may be reversed.

For example, "I didn't find the bag with books in the house" should be shortened to "I didn't find the bag." If "no" is removed, it becomes "I found the bag" which is very different from the meaning of the original sentence and is completely wrong.

(4) In the sentence, modal particles such as "zu, lu, guo" after the predicate and "ah, eh, ah, ni" after the object should be retained. If they are removed, the sentence structure of the sentence may be changed. , structure or tone, emotion. For example, "The calm water surface suddenly rippled with circles."

Can be abbreviated to "the water ripples." Another example is "The heavy rain that fell last night was really a timely rain!" can be abbreviated to "This heavy rain was really a timely rain!" Such abbreviation can make the original sentence and the abbreviated sentence consistent in terms of emotion and tone.

What are the standards for sentence abbreviation?

Sentence abbreviation is to shorten a long sentence with "luxuriant branches and luxuriant leaves" into a short sentence with only the "trunk" left, and the main meaning of the original sentence cannot be changed. No matter how complex a single sentence is, as long as it has The layers of compression will become simpler and simpler, and what is left in the end is the "backbone" of the sentence. In other words, the "backbone" is the remaining part after all the attributives, adverbials, and complements have been compressed. The main part of shortening the sentence There are several methods: 1. Distinguish the sentence pattern and ask questions. First check whether the sentence is about people or scenery, and then you can ask "who is what", "who does what", "who is like" or " Use "what is what", "what does what" and "what is like" to find the main part of the sentence. For example: "The white-haired old lady was leaning on a cane, waiting anxiously and patiently for Premier Zhou's hearse." It is a long sentence, so we can ask: Who - grandma; what - waiting for the hearse. After shortening the sentence, it becomes: "Grandma is waiting for the hearse." Another example: "This fluffy little pompon ball flowing on the ground turned out to be It's a newly hatched chick." We can ask: What - a little pom-pom; what is - a chick. After shortening the sentence, it becomes: "The little pom-pom is a chick." 2. Compare words and find Pick out the main words. Some sentences are very long and have many modification parts. We have to select the main words among several words in order to shorten the sentence correctly. For example, "The grass in front of the workers' dormitory is full of colorful wild flowers." Because "wild flowers" can only bloom on "grass", "on grass" is the main word, and "in front of workers' dormitory" modifies "grass". 3. If it is a negative sentence contraction, the negative words must be combined Write it out, otherwise it will change the meaning of the sentence. For example, "I don't believe his deceptive nonsense." should be shortened to "I don't believe the nonsense" and not to "I believe the nonsense." 4. Modify the adjective Words are deleted. When shortening a sentence, you should pay attention to three things: first, the meaning of the original sentence is not changed, second, the structure of the original sentence is not changed, and third, it is still a sentence after abbreviation. Requirements for shortening sentences: 1. The main components after shortening the sentence It must be a word or phrase. For example: "The giant panda greedily eats the fresh bamboo leaves." It cannot be shortened to "the panda eats the leaves", but should be shortened to "the giant panda eats the bamboo leaves". Because "giant panda" and "bamboo" "Ye" is a complete concept, and the denotations of "Panda" and "Giant Panda" are not consistent. "Ye" here is a morpheme rather than a word, and "Bamboo Leaf" is the word. 2. Keep the necessary components. For example: "My class" "Advanced students often actively and enthusiastically help less advanced students". If it is shortened to: "students help students", the meaning is ambiguous and can only be shortened to "advanced students help less advanced students". The two additional components of "advanced" and "backward" are retained. The meaning will be clear. 3. The word "zhu", "zhu" and "guo" should be retained and used after the verb to indicate that the action is in progress, such as: "Students are in class", if it is shortened to "students" "Class", it is not clear whether it is class now or before. The word "了" is used after the verb to indicate that the action has been completed. For example: "Teacher Zhao gave us an unforgettable science class." It should be shortened to "Teacher Zhao went to class." Science class." If shortened to "Teacher Zhao class." Is it in progress or finished? I don’t know. The word "Guo" is used after the verb to indicate that the action has passed. For example: "I once visited the beautiful Guilin." If it is shortened to "I visited Guilin." Are you currently visiting or have you visited? It is not made clear. It can be seen from this that the "zhu", "liao" and "guo" behind the predicate cannot be removed. 4. The multiple reference element should be kept intact. For example: "We should keep the promises we made in the past." It should be. It is shortened to "We keep our promises." If it is shortened to "We keep our promises," the meaning is incomplete. 5. The phrase indicating the direction should be completely removed. For example: "We are swimming in clear river water." It should be shortened to "We keep our promises." "We swim." cannot be shortened to "We are swimming." In addition, phrases indicating orientation in sentences such as "under...", "in...", "outside of..." and "in..." are used as When making an adverbial, the word "zai" cannot be retained, and should be completely removed together with the following adverbials. 6. Complement processing: First, the complement after the verb predicate should generally retain the center word; secondly, the complement after the adjective should generally be deleted. For example "Zhang Xiaonan jumped for joy after publishing the essay" can be shortened to "Zhang Xiaonan is happy". 7. The tone of the sentence cannot be changed without changing the tone of the sentence, such as "Does he want to sleep peacefully here for a long time?" "Should be shortened to "Does he want to sleep?" There are two situations in the shortened sentence: one is to remove all the branches and leaves and keep only the trunk. For example: "The wonderful performance ended with warm applause.

"Bunch." is shortened to: "End of performance". The second method is to remove most of the branches and leaves, retaining the trunk and a small part of the branches and leaves. Which branches and leaves must be retained? 1. Negative words in negative sentences. For example, "I absolutely disagree with you. This unreasonable request" is shortened to "I do not agree with your request". "No" must be retained. 2. "Ba" and "Be" in the sentences "Ba" and "Be" as well as their associated important words, For example: He brought my beautiful water glass. Shortened to He brought my water glass. Remove the modifier, who: he, what: brought my water glass. 3. Express questions in interrogative sentences Words should be retained. For example, "Why did the fifth-grade athletes win several championships in the sports games?" "Shrink to"Why did the athletes take away the championship? "The criteria for right and wrong, and good and bad abbreviations: First, the original meaning is not changed. Second, the original structure is not changed. "The ferocious enemy was wiped out by the heroic Red Army" if it is shortened to "The Red Army wiped out the enemy." It won't work. The third is not to leave any unnecessary branches and leaves. For example, if "the wonderful performance ends in warm applause" is shortened to "the performance ends in applause", there will be more branches and leaves of "in applause". The correct steps for the sentence are What? First, understand the meaning of the sentence; second, mark the words that should be retained (the main stem and branches and leaves that must be retained); third, check whether it is right or wrong. For example: "This magnificent project is the most important in the history of the world." "A great project." is shortened to: "This project is a project." The meaning of the sentence can be divided into "surface meaning" and "deep meaning". As long as you understand the key words in the sentence or the words you do not understand, the surface meaning will be understood. The deep meaning is the meaning hidden in the text. It is discovered based on the understanding of the surface meaning and the ideological content of the article, the historical background or the psychological activities of the characters.

Chinese. Methods of shortening sentences

1. Confirm the position of the sentence components in the sentence. Only the sentence containing the subject part and the predicate part becomes an independent sentence.

Instruct students to distinguish the two parts first. , then find the main pole of the sub-sentence "subject, predicate, object", and then find "definite, adverb, complement". "Ding, adjective, and complement" are the parts that are deleted when shortening a sentence.

"Ding, adjective, and complement", what are their positions in the sentence? Their positions are: 1. The attributive has two positions: one is before the subject, and the other is before the object. For example: the quiet stream flows slowly from outside the village to the wide Panyang Lake. "Xiaoxi" is the subject. , "Panyang Lake" is the object, then "quiet" and "kuangkuan" are the attributives of this sentence.

The attributive plays a role in modifying and possessing the center. 2. Adverbial, its position. There are also two places, one is at the beginning of the predicate, as in the above example, flow slowly, "flow" is the predicate, and "slowly" is the adverbial, and the other is at the beginning of the sentence, indicating time and place

For example, "from yesterday", "in school". 3. The position of complement is also two, one is after the predicate, expressing degree and result.

Example: I am happy. I have to jump up, "jump up" is the complement. It is after the object, indicating that I hit him three times, and "three times" is the complement.

2. Seize the middle of the sentence. For example, the first Danxia Mountain in China, Jianglang Mountain, stands in the beautiful and fertile land of western Zhejiang. In this sentence, it is easy to establish that the word "tower" is the predicate. You can use the method of asking questions to find out the subject and object.

Question: What stands: Jiangshanshan stands. Where does it stand: Jiangshanlang stands in the land of western Zhejiang. It is obvious that "subject, predicate, "Bin" means "Jianglang Mountain stands on the land of western Zhejiang", which is the main pole of the sentence.

The rest are branches and leaves, which need to be deleted. This method can be quickly mastered by students through multiple trainings. Get up.

2. Find the main pole of the sentence with the help of structural particles. It is much easier to find the "subject, predicate, and object" with the help of the structural particles "de, di, de". /p>

The word "的" is used between the attributive and the central word (subject, object). Example: Xiao Ming's father carefully reviewed the work report of the city ***.

" "Dad", there is the word "的" in front of "work report", it can be determined that "Dad" is the subject and "work report" is the object. The word "地" is used between the adverbial and the central word (predicate).

In the above example, "review carefully", "review" has the word "地" in front of it, so it can be determined that "review" is the predicate.

The word "de" is used between the predicate and the complement.

Example: She smiled very happily, and the word "de" is between the word "laugh" and "happy", so the word "laugh" can be defined as the predicate. To shorten a sentence is to remove the branches of a sentence that is more specific and vivid, leaving the backbone to make it simple and clear. I think the principle of shortening a sentence is: keep the central words of subject, predicate and object, and remove the definite, definite and clear words. Predicate and complement, both of which mean the basic meaning of the sentence remains unchanged and complete.

In abbreviated sentences, we often encounter some sentences that are difficult to deal with. It is difficult for teachers to teach and students to master. I referred to the opinions of some experts and combined with my own teaching practice to propose some examples and Let’s discuss it together for reference by colleagues. 1. How to deal with compound referring phrases as subjects or objects. Example: *** Uncle is practicing shooting in the hot summer.

The processing of this sentence is actually the problem of how to deal with a plural referring phrase as the subject or object. A compound referring phrase is composed of two words or phrases that overlap to refer to the same person or thing as the same component, and have an annotation or supplementary explanation relationship with each other.

When a compound reference phrase is used as the subject or object, the main word that represents someone or something can generally be retained when shortening the sentence; if the compound reference phrase itself is very short, the entire compound reference phrase can also be retained in the trunk. This sentence can be shortened to: ***Uncle practices shooting.

It can also be shortened to: *** Practice shooting. Cannot be shortened to: Uncle practices shooting.

(Because the main word is "***") 2. Should you keep the complement when shortening the sentence? Example: The horse gallops on the vast grassland. "In the vastness on the grassland" is a complement, so it is shortened to: galloping horse.

Another example: A golden full moon hangs high in the blue sky. This question is actually about whether to retain the complement when shortening the sentence.

Because "in the sky" is a complement, according to the spirit of contraction, it is removed. It should be: full moon hanging.

(For this type of questions, in actual operations, we often leave the complements that are very closely connected, such as "Strings of grapes that are about to mature are hung like pearls on the vine." Contracted. For "The vines are covered with grapes."

The complement "man" is left for the sake of completeness of the sentence, but from a technical point of view, it should not be retained)

3. What to do if the adverbial is removed and the meaning of the original sentence changes. Example: The child almost fell on the crossbar and fell to the deck. Some people think that "almost" limits "fall", indicating that the child has not fallen yet, and the original meaning of the sentence "the child fell on the deck" has changed.

Should not be deleted. I think "almost" is an adverbial, so it should be shortened to: The child fell on the deck.

4. How to deal with "on, over, over" Example: He ate a big apple with relish. "Zhu, liao, guo" are tense particles. The particles have almost no independence in the sentence and cannot be deleted.

Should be shortened to: He was eating an apple. 5. A shortened sentence cannot change the subject of the original sentence. Example: Thousands of lights on the square quietly illuminate the magnificent buildings around Tiananmen Square.

A shortened sentence cannot change the object stated in the original sentence, that is, the subject. The subject of the example sentence is "on the square", not "lights", so it should be: the lights on the square illuminate the buildings.

If this sentence is changed to: In the square, thousands of lights quietly illuminate the magnificent buildings around Tiananmen Square. "On the square" is an adverbial, which should be shortened to: the lights illuminate the building.

6. A shortened sentence cannot change the predicate of the original sentence. Example: In summer, old people like to go fishing under the shade of the trees by the river. The shortened sentence cannot change the subject of the original sentence, nor can it change the predicate stating the subject. "Xia Tian" is an "adverbial", so it is deleted.

The subject of the original sentence is "old people" and talks about what "old people" like to do, so the predicate is "hobby". "Like fishing" is not the same as "fishing". "Go to the shade of a tree" and "fishing" They are two consecutive actions, neither of which can be compressed. So the answer should be: old people love to fish under the shade of trees.

6. Sentence contraction cannot change the structure of the original sentence. Example: Gray-black cormorants stood neatly on the side of the ship, like.

What is the function of quotation marks? How to shorten the sentence?

The functions of quotation marks 1. Indicate the quoted part 2. Express a specific title 3. Express special meaning that needs to be emphasized 4. Express negation and irony 5. Express the object of emphasis 6. Special questions express negation. How to abbreviate it? There are two ways to shorten a sentence: one is to remove all the branches and leaves and keep only the trunk. For example: "The wonderful performance ended in a warm round of applause." is shortened to: "The performance is over". The second is to remove most of the branches and leaves. , retain the main trunk and a small part of branches and leaves. Which branches and leaves must be retained? 1. Negative words in negative sentences. For example, "I absolutely do not agree with your unreasonable request." It is shortened to "I do not agree with your request." "No" must be retained. 2. "Ba" sentences and "be" "To" and "being" in the sentence and the important words associated with them, such as: He brought my beautiful water glass. It is shortened to He brought my water glass. Remove the modifier, who: he, what : I brought my water glass. 3. The words expressing questions in interrogative sentences should be retained. For example, "Why did the fifth-grade athletes win several championships at the sports meeting?" shortened to "Why did the athletes win the championship?" What?" The criteria for right and wrong, and good and bad abbreviation: First, it does not change the original meaning. Second, it does not change the original structure. If "the ferocious enemy was wiped out by the heroic Red Army" is shortened to "the Red Army was wiped out. "Enemy" will not work. The third is not to leave unnecessary branches and leaves. For example, if "a wonderful performance ends in warm applause" is shortened to "the performance ends in applause", there will be more branches and leaves of "in applause". The shortening of sentences What are the correct steps? First, understand the meaning of the sentence; second, mark the words that should be retained (the main stem and the branches and leaves that must be retained); third, check whether it is right or wrong.

Methods of shortening sentences in Chinese

This needs to be explained with specific examples, such as shortening the sentences of "This magnificent project is a great project in the history of the world."

First of all, we need to clarify the meaning of the sentence, find out the main components (subject, predicate, object) and modifying components in the sentence, and then delete the useless components, such as analyzing the above sentence ": in world history" is used as an adverbial and should be deleted. "Magnificent" is a modifier and should also be deleted.

"Great" is used as an attributive, but it is a necessary component in this sentence and must be deleted. Reserved.

Extended information: Criteria for abbreviated sentences: 1. Do not change the original meaning.

2. Do not change the original structure. For example, "The vicious enemy was defeated by the heroic Red Army." It will not work if it is shortened to "The Red Army destroyed the enemy".

3. Do not leave any unnecessary branches and leaves. For example, if "the wonderful performance ends in warm applause" is shortened to "the performance ended in applause" "Ended in the middle" has more branches and leaves than "in the applause".