What did Fukushima Yasumasa do in his life? Brief introduction of Japanese army general Fukushima Yasumasa

Fukushima Yasumasa, Japanese army general. 16 years old, participated in Chen Wu War. 1878 was promoted from translator to lieutenant. After the Southwest War, he served as a military attache in China and Germany. He engaged in military espionage in 1992. 1894 as the first army staff officer. The following year, he became the army chief of staff in the office of the governor of Taiwan Province Province. In 1996, he served as the third Minister of the General Staff. Later, he was appointed as the second minister. 1900 was appointed as the capital of the western regions and promoted to major general. In the same year, he served as commander of the invading army. 1904 served as the staff of the base camp, and later served as the staff of the Puppet Manchurian Army. 1906 as the second chief of staff. 19 12 served as governor of kanto. 19 14 was promoted to general.

all one's life

Fukushima Yasumasa, a native of Shinshu, Japan, was once the governor of Kanto Prefecture, a Japanese colonial institution. An army general known as the "father of Japanese intelligence warfare". He is a visionary schemer and strategist. Firstly, it puts forward the fallacy that "Japanese defense lines are in the Korean Peninsula and Chinese mainland"; He repeatedly sneaked into the hinterland of China to spy on military intelligence, which provided detailed information basis for the Japanese anti-Qing war. He served as a military attache in Germany. He set out from Berlin on 1992 and rode alone through Siberia, Mongolian steppe and northeast China. Being proficient in five languages made him famous for stealing information from other countries. 1894- 1895 During the Sino-Japanese War, he served as the staff officer of the First Army, invaded Liaodong and brutally suppressed and plundered the local people. /kloc-promoted to major general in 0/900.

1852, Fukushima Yasumasa was born in a declining samurai family in Matsumoto, Xinzhou. Fukushima Yasumasa's mother died when she was two years old, and she lived with her grandmother. At the age of eight, Fukushima Yasumasa formally learned civil and military skills from his teacher, and his talent and self-motivation soon showed up. 1865, 13-year-old Fukushima Yasumasa came to edo to further receive western-style military education. With his amazing language talent, he reads a lot of English books hungrily every day. In order to learn English. Cash-strapped Fukushima even copied a thick English-Japanese dictionary. Later, Fukushima was able to master five foreign languages: English, French, German, Chinese and Russian. In addition to his extraordinary language talent, what is more important is his unremitting efforts. In his own words, "the most important thing for a person is patience."

From 65438 to 0874, Meiji government recruited talents proficient in English. Fukushima, who worked as an interpreter in the Ministry of Justice at that time, was selected by the War Department to become the secretary of Yamagata Aritomo's chief of staff, responsible for collecting overseas intelligence for Yamagata Aritomo. Fukushima Yasumasa began to embark on the road of intelligence.

In Fukushima Yasumasa's eyes, valuable information can never be obtained through a bottle of paste and a pair of scissors in a pile of documents. It is impossible to grasp real first-hand information simply by swallowing other people's research results. I believe that "seeing is believing" in Fukushima. Only by visiting in person can we know the real situation. With this belief, Fukushima Yasumasa often traveled overseas all his life, and deeply realized that the country is an organism closely integrated with people, and geography and politics are inseparable. Therefore, we should judge a country's comprehensive national strength from the perspective of geopolitics.

From 65438 to 0879, the military intelligence reconnaissance of Qing Dynasty made Fukushima Yasumasa go abroad for the first time. After the Opium War, the Qing Dynasty became the "fish meat" of European and American powers, and Japan coveted it for a long time. Fukushima Yasumasa wrote to Yamagata Aritomo, pointing out that "the lifeline of Japanese defense lies in the Korean Peninsula and Chinese mainland". I hope to enter China for intelligence reconnaissance and get Yamagata Aritomo's approval. Pretending to be from China, Fukushima conducted a five-month field reconnaissance in Shanghai, Dagu, Tianjin, Beijing and Inner Mongolia. After returning home, Fukushima compiled the reconnaissance results into "A Brief Introduction to Soldiers in Neighbouring Countries" and "Compilation of Military Systems in Qing Dynasty" and reported them to Emperor Meiji. Later, Fukushima visited China several times to spy on information and made the following judgment on the Qing Dynasty at that time: "A fatal weakness of the Qing Dynasty was blatant bribery, which was the root of all evil. However, the Qing people did not reflect on this, from the emperor's minister to the soldier's slave. This is an incurable disease of the Great Qing Dynasty, so the country is no match for Japan at all. "In the subsequent Sino-Japanese War, the fact that the Qing Dynasty was defeated irrefutably verified Fukushima Yasumasa's prediction. Yamagata Aritomo and other senior officials highly appreciated Fukushima's keen observation and accurate judgment. During the negotiation of Tianjin Treaty from 65438 to 0885, Fukushima became the attache of Japanese Ambassador Plenipotentiary Ito Bowen and participated in the whole negotiation process.

Then, in order to understand the British colonial rule and study the competition trend between Britain and Russia in Asia and its influence on Japan's security, Fukushima turned its attention to Southeast Asia and India. From 65438 to 0885, Fukushima was ordered to "inspect" Hong Kong, Myanmar, India and go deep into Afghanistan. After he came back, he made a summary of the situation in India. 1895, due to the interference of Russia, Germany and France, Japan was forced to withdraw from Liaodong Peninsula. Fukushima Yasumasa was once again ordered to visit Egypt, Turkey, Persia, Russia, Arabia, India, Thailand, Vietnam, China and other places. After he came back, he wrote a trip to Central Asia. These reports have played a vital role in the Japanese authorities' correct judgment of the international and domestic situation.

1887, Fukushima Yasumasa was appointed as the Japanese military attache in Germany. During his five years in Germany, he inspected the situation of European countries in detail, and the trend of Russia attracted his great attention. Under the pressure of Britain, Russia's traditional southward policy was forced to slow down, and Fukushima Yasumasa correctly predicted that Russia would inevitably turn to the East. Sure enough, in 189 1 1 year, Russia announced the plan to build a trans-trans-siberian railway, and immediately started construction. This railway, which connects the Russian capital St. Petersburg and Vladivostok and spans Eurasia, can be said to be the biggest weapon for Russia to invade Asia. Trans-siberian railway runs across the northeast of China, and there is a branch line from Harbin to the south, which goes directly to Lushun and Dalian, which can facilitate Russian entry into Asia. It is predicted that this railway in Fukushima will take about ten years. He believes that this decade is a life-and-death decade for Japan, and Japan must not stand idly by.

In order to grasp the actual situation of Russia's eastward policy, Fukushima decided to personally conduct on-the-spot reconnaissance along the Siberian railway. This bold plan was immediately strongly supported by Zoroku Kawakami, deputy chief of staff. Because the military status of Fukushima will expose the purpose of the crossing plan, Fukushima announced that it would make a solo adventure trip across Siberia during the severe cold. Even a native Russian is afraid to cross Siberia in severe winter, let alone a foreigner with no experience in cold regions. When the Fukushima statement came out, the world was in an uproar. Western explorers scoffed at his "crossing" plan, and everyone was waiting to see this Japanese joke. But Fukushima Yasumasa is very determined. He knows what this plan means to Japan.

1992 February 1 1 day, Fukushima and Ai set off from Germany on the "Triumph" and went north in the cold of MINUS 20 degrees Celsius. In late March, after Fukushima arrived in St. Petersburg, he sent the first investigation report on the Russian army to the Japanese General Staff. At this time, Russia also vaguely realized that the "trip" of Fukushima was a Qiang Jian, intended to repeat itself. On April 9, Fukushima left St. Petersburg and arrived in Moscow in the second half of the month. There, he was received by the Tsar and Empress and held a banquet. After careful investigation, Fukushima submitted a report on Siberian railway construction to the Japanese General Staff. In late September, Fukushima arrived at Altai Mountain, a boundary mountain between China and Russia at an altitude of more than 3,000 meters. Seen from Altai Mountain, it is covered with snow. At this point, Fukushima has walked 7,000 kilometers and completed half the journey.

Fukushima Yasumasa welcomed 1893 during the trip. The coldest period in Siberia is from the end of 10 to February of the following year, and the temperature reaches MINUS 50 degrees. Russians hardly go out in such a cold winter, but Fukushima is tenacious in the desolate ice and snow with amazing will. Finally, with tenacious perseverance, Fukushima walked out of Siberia. Along the warming Heilongjiang all the way south into China, Fukushima Yasumasa spent more than two months spying on the military situation of Aihui, Qiqihar and Jilin. After more than a year of hard work, Fukushima has been exhausted. He finally reached the terminal-Vladivostok. In this trans-Siberian operation, Fukushima Yasumasa changed at least 8 horses, which lasted 488 days and traveled 14000 kilometers, creating a miracle in the history of intelligence reconnaissance.

The Japanese living in Vladivostok are ecstatic to welcome Fukushima. It is reported all over the world that he rode across Siberia alone. Fukushima Yasumasa became a world celebrity. Emperor Meiji specially awarded him the Third-Class Medal of the Rising Sun and hosted a banquet in person. The first-hand information obtained by Fukushima Yasumasa crossing the river became an important information guarantee for Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War.

It is far from enough for a country's intelligence work to rely only on the strength of a few people. Only after long-term operation can a huge and effective intelligence network be formed. Fukushima is also an expert in this field.

During the Boxer Rebellion, Fukushima participated in Eight-Nation Alliance as the commander of major general. Proficient in Chinese and other languages, he became the host of the Allied Commanders' Meeting, which won the favor of Qing officials and created good external conditions for his intelligence work in China. During this period, Fukushima introduced his younger generation Chuan Dao to the Asia-Pacific Society and went to Chinese mainland to create the world. During the boxer rebellion, Chuan Dao worked as an interpreter in Fukushima Yasumasa's army. Chuan Dao was very kind to Prince Su, and they became brothers. Prince Su adopted his 14th daughter as his adopted daughter, sent her to Matsumoto Girls' Middle School in Japan, and became a Japanese spy after returning home. This is the famous female spy-Kawashima Yoshiko.

1994 In February, Fukushima developed a Japanese doctor, Kozo Nakano, who practiced medicine in Singapore through contacts. The latter took advantage of his work to report the movement of the Russian fleet to Fukushima, so that Japan could seize the opportunity to wait for the opportunity and defeat the Russian fleet.

1903, Fukushima planned the visit of King Karachin of Mongolia to Japan, and recommended Fu Heyuan, the daughter of relatives and friends, as the education consultant of the Mongolian royal family. Before and after the Russo-Japanese War, Cao Zi of Heyuan cooperated with the strength of the Prince and the Soviet Union. In addition to collecting intelligence, he also secretly organized personnel to destroy the railway, which played a significant role in containing the Russian army.

As Tibet is a mysterious buffer zone between Britain and Russia, in 1899, Fukushima recruited a young monk Benwanya through the Patriotic Women's Association to collect information in Tibet. 1907, Temple Ben was ordered to invite the 13th Dalai Lama to visit Japan, and Fukushima himself planned to visit the Dalai Lama in Wutai Mountain. Later, the plan was informed by Britain and Russia and was forced to suspend.

During the Russo-Japanese War, Fukushima Yasumasa was in charge of intelligence work and established a complete intelligence network. Under the command of Fukushima, Japanese battlefield information and literature information (Collet

To this day, Russia is still worried about the fiasco of the war 100 years ago. Not long ago, a Russian media published an article saying that Russia lost the intelligence war in the Russo-Japanese War. Russia knows nothing about Japan, and Japan has infiltrated intelligence work into every pore. How can Russia be invincible?

Fukushima Yasumasa is good at observing, experiencing and contacting local key figures, government officials, soldiers, scholars and even ordinary people from the perspective of national strategic intelligence, understanding local customs, national feelings and armaments, and then analyzing its national strength, thus serving Japanese foreign and military policies. Fukushima Yasumasa must carry a soldier's handbook translated from the United States with him. This booklet has played a great role in helping him collect information and matters needing attention in enemy-occupied areas.

19 14, Fukushima Yasumasa, who started as a translator and had almost no practical experience, was promoted to the rank of general, becoming the first person in the field of intelligence to be awarded the rank of general.