How to write the holiday customs in Unit 2, Volume 2, Grade 6? Urgent urgent urgent urgent urgent! ! !

during the spring festival, when I was visiting relatives and friends, I collected local custom stories about traditional Chinese festivals. Some of them are familiar to me, and some are unfamiliar to me before. These festivals are very interesting. Now I will sort them out and share them with you.

The Dragon Festival falls on the second day of the second lunar month, which is commonly known as the "Dragon Festival" or "Spring Dragon Festival". February 2nd in northern China is associated with the third solar term of spring, and the content of "raising the dragon's head" has been added, which has gradually evolved into a festival with the main content of praying for a bumper harvest and expelling pests, and hoarding and frying scorpions and beans are popular in Yuancheng area.

Dacang means symbolically building granaries, also known as Dacang. Sprinkle some granary-shaped patterns on the courtyard with plant ash (commonly known locally as Gray). In the early morning of February 2, before the sun came out, the Han family used a dustpan to fill plant ash, and tapped the edge of the dustpan with a wooden stick, so that the ash slowly fell and walked in a circle, which was the grain store. The seal of the circle should face the courtyard door, which means that the money will not flow out. Then grab a handful of grain (wheat, cereal, beans, etc.) and put it on the ground in the center of the store, and cover it with a brick or ceramic tile. Generally, there are three stores, one for wheat, the other for millet and the other for beans. On the outer edge of the ash hoard, it is also necessary to sprinkle a pattern in the shape of a scorpion with ash, symbolizing that the hoard is high and full of grain, which indicates a bumper year. There is a local agricultural proverb "On February 2, the dragon looks up, the big hoard is pointed, and the small hoard is flowing".

Eating fried scorpion beans on February 2nd is said to prevent being stung by scorpions. Scorpion beans are fried with soybeans. Soak soybeans in sugar water or salt water in advance, take them out and dry them, and stir-fry them with fine sand, either sweet or salty, crispy and delicious. At the same time, mix sticky rice noodles with sugar water, cut into diamond-shaped pieces, and stir-fry with scorpion beans. If there is a dragon in the family, it is not allowed to fry scorpion beans on February 2, but a few days ago. At the end of 195s, local soybean planting decreased, and popcorn and rice flowers increased. Now that life is rich, the custom of hoarding is no longer continued, but the custom of eating fried scorpion beans on February 2 nd is still continuing.

The day before Qingming Festival in Tomb-Sweeping Day is a cold food, which is a traditional grand festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Folk also known as "Ghost Festival", and July 15th, the first day of October, collectively known as "three ghost festivals".

It is a custom in Changshan area that cold food should be added to the grave. Before the sun comes out the morning before the cold food, it is advisable to borrow soil from the north and south, or something from the north and south, and fill the old grave with new soil, which means to repair the house for the ancestors in case it rains heavily in summer. The next afternoon, I went to the grave to worship my ancestors. Ancestor offerings are all baked vegetables, including spinach, radish boxes (water radish, carrots), lotus root boxes, salted fish and so on. When the ancestors died, they had to go to the grave on the morning of the cold food for the first three years, and after three years, they went to the grave instead. The new grave will not be filled for three years. After the 196s, when cremation was carried out, most graves were flattened, and the custom of adding soil gradually died out. Nowadays, with the fast pace of life, people's offerings to graves are simplified. Now some still use baked vegetables, some use dumplings, and some use biscuits and snacks.

Qingming is a festival for people. It is a good day for an outing. The village set up a swing at the street corner or yard. There are two kinds of swings, one is the drive swing, that is, the straight swing; The other is a wandering thousand made of big wheels. Men, women and children, especially women, have fun. Swing drives high and throws far, which means a good life and skills. Children fly kites in the wild. Some kites are made in the shape of butterflies and frogs, while others are made in the shape of carp, centipede and figures. On the morning of Qingming Festival, every child will eat a pair of eggs dyed red, which is said to make his eyes bright.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, on Qingming Day, primary and secondary schools organized students to go to the local martyrs' cemetery or places where there are martyrs' tombs to mourn the revolutionary martyrs and carry out revolutionary traditional education activities. After the 199s, people combined cold food and Qingming Festival into one. Now the custom of adding soil is dying out, while the custom of ancestor worship continues. At the same time, Qingming will gradually become a day of improving life and spring outing.

Dragon Boat Festival The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. The most common saying is to commemorate Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet of Chu in the Warring States Period. According to legend, the day Qu Yuan threw himself into the Guluo River was the fifth day of May. On this day, the customs of inserting mugwort leaves, calamus, making zongzi and racing dragon boats are popular all over the country.

The most prosperous thing in Changshan area is Artemisia argyi leaves. Insert a bunch of mugwort leaves outside the door of every household, or put mugwort leaves on the eaves of the gatehouse to avoid evil spirits and disasters and avoid plague. There is a common saying: "If you don't insert wormwood in the Dragon Boat Festival, you will become a big turtle cover when you die." On this day, children's wrists are covered with five-color flowers, which are called long life thread and tied life thread, and are commonly called five silk threads. It is said that it can ward off evil spirits and ghosts, and make children live a long life. The girl wears a sachet. The fragrant cloth bag sewn with cotton cloth is filled with five kinds of spices, and some of them are filled with mugwort leaves, which are worn on the body and have a fragrant smell, which can drive away epidemics and avoid insects.

Eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine is a unique meal custom in the Dragon Boat Festival. It is steamed with bamboo leaves, reed leaves and lotus leaves. Realgar wine can solve the "five poisons" of snake worms. In Changshan area, cinnabar, realgar and wine are mixed together and coated on the soles and palms of children, which can repel insects and avoid drugs to ensure safety.

After the 196s, the customs of inserting moxa, tying five silk threads and wearing fragrant cloth bags gradually disappeared, and eating zongzi became the only custom passed down. Due to the improvement of living standards, zongzi has gradually become one of the folk foods enjoyed by urban and rural residents all year round.

Rain Festival The 13th day of the fifth lunar month is the rain festival. Folklore is the day when Master Guan sharpened his knife, and some say it's Master Guan's birthday. The chance of rain on this day is as high as 9%. Even if there is no rain, it is cloudy or cloudy. The folk proverb says, "The drought will not last until May 13th." May 13th is designated as the Rain Festival, which has certain empirical basis. If it rains and the sun is like fire on May 13th, it means that there will be a severe drought this year, and a rain-praying ceremony is often held. There are various forms of praying for rain among the people, mainly inviting Master Guan, Dragon King or dai Wang Xianling. The ceremony of asking the King to appear is very unique. A small snake is placed in a Sichuan dish covered with yellow watch paper for the shed of the gods. People burn incense and paper, bow down and kowtow, and pray for rain. The king of Changshan area refers to King Liu, some say it is Liu Yong during the Qianlong period, and some say it is Liu Ge Lao Liu Hongxun who was excluded by treacherous court official Wei Zhongxian in the Ming Dynasty.

the first day of the sixth lunar month is the biannual festival. At the end of the wheat harvest, new wheat entered the warehouse, and there was a custom of worshipping heaven and ancestors in the old days. Jingtian offerings are steamed buns or dumplings wrapped in new wheat flour. In the courtyard, incense tables were placed, incense and paper were burned, and kowtows were made to the north, in order to thank God for his blessing and get a bumper harvest. On the first day of June, the ancestors were sacrificed, and the sacrifices were dumplings wrapped in new wheat flour for ancestors to taste. The local area is also called "Shangxin Wheat Grave".

the sixth day of June is the highest day of the month. On this day, clothes and books are often moved out to dry, so as to avoid mildew and moths in summer, so June 6 is also called "Clothes Day". There is also a local custom of eating fried noodles. Wash the wheat in water in advance, take it out and dry it, fry it in a large iron pot, then grind it into flour, and eat it with hot water or cold water and brown sugar, which has a special flavor. Fried noodles can be stored for a long time. It is said that fried noodles on June 6th can cure diarrhea.

Qiqiao Festival, commonly known as "Chinese Valentine's Day" or "Qiqiao Festival", evolved from the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, one of the four great folklore stories in China. There is an ancient custom of women begging for cleverness in Changshan area. On the night of July 7th, groups of young girls put on new clothes, gathered in the courtyard, put on incense tables, and displayed all kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables. Whoever puts the thread through the small eye of a needle is skillful in begging the weaver girl, and the one who wears it quickly is the most skillful, which has the nature of fighting and competing skillfully. On the third night of Tanabata, the legend is hidden under the grape trellis, and you can hear the whispers of Cowherd and Weaver Girl. On the seventh day of July, there were very few magpies on the ground. It is said that they flew to Tianhe one after another to bridge the gap between the weaver girl and the cowherd.

After the 195s, the folk custom of begging for cleverness disappeared, leaving only the beautiful myths and legends of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.

Mid-Autumn Festival, the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, is called "Ghost Festival", which is the Mid-Autumn Festival of Taoism and the Orchid Club of Buddhism.

On this day, ancestor worship is widely held in villages around Changshan, and offerings are set at home. Watermelon is essential in the offerings, and other seasonal fruits and melons include grapes, peaches and Mu Zi. Generally, the festivals that invite ancestors to sacrifice at home are New Year's Eve and July 15th. As the saying goes, "invite the old", and other festivals are to pay homage to graves.

besides offering sacrifices to ancestors, we should also offer sacrifices to Hou Ji. There is a custom of "pulling out hemp trees" in Changshan area. When you go to the autumn field, pull out a little millet, millet, millet, millet, etc., bundle them into a bundle with water chestnut and put them on the top of the gate. The selected grain is the worst, which means that Hou Ji's father came in and saw that the crops didn't grow well, hoping to teach him some tricks of farming. Also have a plenty of choose the best grain, which means to tell Hou Ji, the founder, that there is a bumper harvest this year and thank his ancestors for their kindness.

There are also Taoist customs such as offering sacrifices to the lonely soul and making a journey of fasting. In the villages near Xiaofu River in Changshan, river lanterns were used to offer sacrifices to ghosts without owners and people who died unexpectedly. The folk custom of offering sacrifices to the lonely souls is quite unique. In advance, the venerable elders in the village gathered paper incense and other things. In the evening, organize a group of people to beat gongs and drums to the mass graves outside the village, and put a lamp bowl (usually dug with radish, filled with oil and filled with wicks) on the top of each grave to light the lights. At the same time, fireworks were set off, and paper and incense were burned. Women who are deeply religious hold a lent. It is to put incense offerings on the streets, burn incense and paper, and pay homage to those wandering ghosts who have no owners. Some make some small steamed buns or cakes and scatter them. Children flock to them and grab them. It is said that eating them can eliminate disasters.

Now the Mid-Autumn Festival only has the folk custom of ancestor worship.

Mid-Autumn Festival The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is named because it is just half the value of Sanqiu. Most families hope that people and the moon will be together on this festival, and women who return home must also go back to their husbands' families for the holidays, so it is also called the Reunion Festival.

On this evening, when the bright moon is in the sky, families set up a console table in the courtyard, and put on various melons and fruits (watermelons, pears and dates. Grapes, pomegranate, hawthorn, etc.) and moon cakes, lighting incense sticks and worshipping the moon are called "Yue Bai" or "Full Moon". After the sacrifice, feast and enjoy the moon on the hem of the moon.

Moon cakes are the symbols of Mid-Autumn Festival, and the variety of patterns is becoming more and more diverse. From the skin, there are mainly two kinds: crispy skin and pulp-extracting. The pulp-extracting moon cakes are cut with molds, and there are patterns such as the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon and Jade Rabbit mashing medicine on them. From the stuffing, there are mainly brown sugar, white sugar, rock sugar, jujube paste, red beans, roses and other places. After the 199s, the variety and packaging of moon cakes have become a beautiful scenery of holiday food. In addition to eating, moon cakes should also be given to relatives and friends. Visit relatives and friends before the festival and give mooncakes. Gifts such as tobacco, alcohol and fruit are very popular. Family visits begin on August 1st and last until August 14th.

Double Ninth Festival The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the Double Ninth Festival. Nine is the number of yang, and the sun and the moon should be combined, which is called Chongyang. The custom of Shandong folk Double Ninth Festival is to eat flower cakes. In the countryside around Changshan, sticky rice and jujube or mung bean and jujube cakes are often used at this time. Fan Gong Temple in Changshan Zouping Fan Gong Temple in Liquan Temple, offering sacrifices to Fan Zhongyan on the Double Ninth Festival. Since the 199s, the traditional Double Ninth Festival has been designated as the Festival for the Elderly, which carries forward the traditional virtues of respecting the elderly of the Chinese nation, endows the Double Ninth Festival with brand-new contents and is well received by the general public. Many villages in Changshan began to celebrate the festival for the elderly at the end of last century, giving enthusiastic care to the elderly over 6.

The Cold Clothes Festival is one of the three ghost festivals on the first day of October in the lunar calendar. When you go to the grave to worship your ancestors, you have to burn cold clothes, so it is commonly known as the "Cold Clothes Festival". According to legend, this festival was handed down in memory of Meng Jiangnu Wan Li who sent cold clothes to cry on the Great Wall. On this day, people went to the grave to worship their ancestors, burned paper money, and burned cold clothes cut out of colored paper in front of the tomb. Zouping Changshan area, from this day on, began to store vegetables, and women began to spin and weave cotton-padded clothes. Now that life is good, there is only the custom of going to the grave to worship the ancestors on this day.

Laba Festival is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as Laba. Since Laba, the prelude of the New Year has been opened, and every household grinds flour and rice, makes tofu, and kills pigs and sheep. The "taste of the year" is getting stronger and stronger.

Drinking Laba porridge on Laba Festival originated from Buddhism. People cooked porridge with adzuki beans and sticky rice, and later mixed dates and chestnuts with whole grains. Raw materials such as almonds, walnuts, peanuts and sugar are slowly cooked and stewed in slow fire. Its porridge is sweet and delicious, rich in nutrition, and it is a good food in the cold winter.

The old custom of brewing wine and vinegar in Changshan area is called Laba wine or Laba vinegar. People soak garlic in vinegar and seal it tightly. When it is taken out, the garlic tastes slightly sour, the vinegar tastes slightly spicy, and the color is blue and green, so it is called Laba garlic. Nowadays, the custom of drinking Laba porridge and soaking Laba garlic in rural areas is still continuing.

Ci Zao Festival is the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as Ci Zao Festival, also known as "celebrating the New Year". From this day to the end of New Year's Eve, every household should clean up the dust and garbage, wash the clothes and bedding utensils, and bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year neatly, so it is also called "dust-cleaning day".

On this day, people generally have the custom of offering sacrifices to kitchen gods. According to Zou Pingren Duan Chengshi's "Youyang Miscellaneous", the kitchen god is surnamed Zhang, and the folk sacrifice in Changshan Mountain is Zhang Zao Wang. People say that the Kitchen King is the "head of the family", who is in charge of everything in the family, and secretly monitors people's good and evil. Every year on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the Kitchen King reports the good and evil of the year to the Jade Emperor. At first, people offered sacrifices to stoves, only a cup of green tea and a stick of incense, and later added stove sugar to offer sacrifices to stoves. Kitchen candy is a kind of sugar made of barley malt, which is not too sweet, but very sticky, and is called "sugar melon". It means to stick to the mouth of the kitchen king, so as not to speak ill of God, so as to "say good things from God and return to the palace for good luck". At the same time, tie it into the shape of a horse, burn it with incense sticks and paper money when offering sacrifices to the stove, and splash water on the ground. Kitchen God can ride to heaven. It can be seen that in order to seek happiness and avoid disaster, people bribe the kitchen king and deceive themselves, which is a reflection of the old world. At present, the custom of offering sacrifices to the kitchen king is still going on in some villages. Most people start cleaning the courtyard and indoor sanitation from this day, steaming steamed bread, frying vegetables (also called "frying oil"), buying new year's goods and preparing for the New Year.

Spring Festival Spring Festival is also called "crossing the border" and "celebrating the New Year". The last day of Laba is except the sun, and the evening is called New Year's Eve. At midnight on New Year's Eve, it is a watershed for two years. As the saying goes, "one night is even two years old, and five hours is divided into two years."

There are three characteristics in the activities of the Day: first, firecrackers; second, red (posting Spring Festival couplets); and third, fire (lighting a lamp to observe the new year). The Spring Festival is a comprehensive festival to show folk customs. There are not only custom activities such as welcoming happiness, family reunion, entertainment and socializing, but also offering sacrifices to the Buddha to exorcise evil spirits and avoid the common things of the victims. New Year pictures and blessings are posted in Changshan area. With the development of small-scale peasant economy, folk customs such as hanging door money, stick grilles, lighting candles to keep the old age, offering sacrifices to the gods and ancestors of all things in the world, wrapping up jiaozi, setting off firecrackers and paying New Year greetings are passed down.

The content of posting Spring Festival couplets is very rich. Where Spring Festival couplets are posted, most of them are posted with door money, which is called "Luo Bu Qian Zi" in the local custom, which is the changing form of the ancient custom of praying for wealth. Copper coins symbolize wealth. In ancient times, they were carved into strings of copper coins with five-color paper and hung on the lintel to pray for prosperity in the New Year. Nowadays, the money posted in the countryside has become a colorful paper-cut style that combines praying for wealth and festive decoration.

In the old days, on New Year's Eve, a ceremony was held to invite ancestors home for the New Year.