What is the environmental pollution in Madagascar?

Analysis of investment environment in Madagascar

With the convening of China-Africa Forum in 2006 and the implementation of "going global" in China, more and more enterprises will seek foreign business opportunities, especially in Africa with great development potential. Tanzania, as an undeveloped market in Africa, has great potential. Let's analyze the investment environment in Madagascar for reference.

I. Economic environment

Table1Indicators of Madagascar's economic development from 2000 to 2005 Unit: 10 billion US dollars.

According to statistics, GDP in local currency changed greatly in 2002, mainly due to the economic crisis triggered by the presidential election at that time, which caused great economic fluctuations. However, due to inflation and other reasons, there is a certain error between the GDP calculated in US dollars and the GDP per capita calculated in local currency. As far as per capita GDP is concerned, the per capita GDP of this country is relatively low, and it belongs to one of the least developed countries in the world.

Madagascar's economy is dominated by agriculture and animal husbandry, and the population engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry accounts for 80% of the national population. The main agricultural products are coffee, rice, sugarcane, cassava, herbs and cloves. This country has good natural conditions suitable for agricultural production. Animal husbandry is mainly cattle raising, and it is also very suitable for raising small ruminants and ostriches in semi-arid areas in the south and southwest. The export of agricultural products accounts for about 70% of the national export income.

Madagascar has a weak industrial base and no pillar industries. Apart from mining some ores according to orders, light industry and processing industry are the main industries. At present, there are refineries, wood, paper, agricultural products and aquatic products processing enterprises. Agricultural products processing industry accounts for a large proportion in Malaysian industrial enterprises, and its products include edible oil, canned food, flour, sugar, cassava flour, meat and fish. In recent years, enterprises in labor-intensive export duty-free zones, mainly textiles, have developed rapidly.

Madagascar's service industry has made great contributions to the national economy, accounting for about 56% in 2005. The country belongs to an island country and is rich in tourism resources.

Second, the political environment

Although the presidential election at the end of 20001caused the crisis of economic and social development, it affected the economy in 2002. However, after the new government took office, it actively developed the economy, put forward the slogan of "rapid and sustained" development, issued the 10 national poverty reduction strategy document, set medium and long-term social and economic development goals, encouraged the development of the private sector, improved the investment environment and attracted foreign investment, and the economic situation improved. The economic growth rates in 2003 and 2004 were 9.8% and 5.3% respectively. In 2005, the Malaysian government put forward a new development strategy of "Ecological Madagascar", taking rural development, infrastructure, environmental protection, tourism and energy as key areas to stimulate economic growth, and at the same time increasing investment in education, health and other fields to improve people's welfare. Western countries have drastically reduced Malaysia's debt. Malaysia's economy has maintained a growth rate of around 5%.

Although there is a certain crisis in Malaysia's political environment, at present, the political situation is relatively stable and suitable for foreign investment.

Third, the policy environment

Malaysia's economy is relatively backward and its finance is scarce. In order to develop the economy, the government has formulated a series of preferential policies to attract foreign investment. The Malaysian government has established duty-free industrial zones and given certain preferential tax policies.

Preferential tax policies. Processing industrial enterprises in duty-free industrial zones are exempted from corporate profit tax for the first five years, service enterprises for the first two years, and development enterprises for 12 years.

Special tariff policy. Building materials, accessories, field machinery, vehicles, factory equipment, raw materials, semi-finished products, packaging, spare parts, training equipment, furniture, office equipment (computers, office supplies, etc.). ) All the duties, import taxes, consumption taxes and transaction taxes required for the preparation, planning and development of enterprises in the tax-free zone and the tax-free zone are exempted. For products exported abroad, various export fees and taxes are also exempted.

Because Malaysia is located in Africa, it enjoys certain preferential tax policies in European and American markets. With the existence of Cotonou Agreement, Malagasy products enjoy tariff reduction and exemption when they enter the EU, and there is no quota restriction for export. Trade preferences include free access to the European market for all industrial products and most agricultural products. GSP enables Madagascar's processed products to enjoy preferential tariff treatment in the United States, Japan, Canada, Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Australia, New Zealand and most European countries.

At the same time, Madagascar, as a member of the Southern African Development Community and an important member of the Indian Ocean Cooperation Alliance, can enjoy the preferential policy of mutual tariff exemption among member States. The existence of these preferential policies has great advantages for China enterprises to enter the European and American markets, as well as the member countries of SADC and Indian Ocean Cooperation Alliance.

Four. capital proposals

The Malagasy government mainly encourages agriculture and animal husbandry, energy industry, mineral development, infrastructure construction, environmental protection, tourism, fisheries and other industries.

But not all these industries are suitable for China enterprises to invest. Through the analysis of Malaysia's economy, resources and infrastructure, we think it is suitable to invest in textiles, agricultural products processing, bicycles and motorcycles, Chinese medicine and household appliances in Malaysia. Not suitable for investment in cosmetics, fisheries, automobiles and fertilizers.

Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. Puwechat Tmall imported from the United States can effectively prevent smog.

Haze is harmful to human respiratory system and cardiovascular system.