Who is the author of the drama Empty City Strategy?

Question 1: Who came up with the Empty City Strategy? The Empty City Strategy was thought up by Zhao Yun

Mr. Yi Zhongtian said in "Taste of the Three Kingdoms" that the founder of the Empty City Strategy was Cao Cao, not Zhuge Liang. I think Mr. Yi is only half right. The Empty City Strategy was indeed not done by Zhuge Liang, but it was definitely not the first one by Cao Cao.

According to a record in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms? Emperor Wu", Mr. Yi said that the "empty city strategy" was "invented" by Cao Cao during a battle with Lu Bu due to a severe shortage of troops. So what does this record say: Bu Fu came from Dongmin to fight Chen Gong with more than 10,000 men. At that time, Taizu's soldiers were few, so he set up an ambush, attacked with surprise troops, and defeated them. The above description couldn't be more clear. The reason why Cao Cao won the victory was to "set up an ambush, attack with surprise troops, and defeat them." So how was the ambush set up? There is an annotation after this passage that can be used as circumstantial evidence. Wei Shu says: There is a large embankment in the west of Tun, and the trees are deep in the south. When he suspected that there was an ambush, he told him, "Cao Cao is very treacherous, so don't fall into the ambush." ??He led the army to camp more than ten miles south of Tunnan. Returning tomorrow, Taizu hid in the military embankment and came out halfway outside the military embankment. When Bu Yi advanced, he ordered the light troops to challenge him. Once they were united, the ambush troops all rode on the embankment, advanced on foot and on horseback, and defeated them. It is unequivocally said that Cao Cao set up an ambush at the embankment of Tunxi, and there is no theory of an empty city.

The Empty City Strategy in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is one of the most popular stories and an important chapter that best demonstrates Kong Ming's wisdom and courage. We all know that "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was compiled based on the historical book "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", and its storyline is not based on imagination. However, there is no record of the Empty City Strategy in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms? The Biography of Kong Ming". So, how did Luo Guanzhong create this immortal chapter? Woolen cloth?

"Three Kingdoms? The Biography of Kong Ming" quoted Wang Yin's "Book of Shu" and said that when King Sima Jun of Fufeng was discussing Zhuge Liang with others, Jincheng Guo Chong told the five reasons why Zhuge Liang "hidden and was not heard from the world". The third one of them said that Zhuge Liang sent Wei Yan and others eastward in Yangping. Sima Yi led an army of 200,000 to attack Yangping. As a result, he and Wei Yan went the wrong way and directly arrived at Yangping. At that time, Zhuge Liang had very few troops in the city and most of them were old and weak. It was too late for Zhuge Liang to catch up with Wei Yan. In desperation, he had to take risks and came up with the empty city strategy.

However, Pei Songzhi had doubts about Guo Chong's words, and the reasons are roughly as follows:

First, when Zhuge Liang first settled in Yangping, Sima Yi was the governor of Jingzhou and guarded Wancheng. The person facing Zhuge Liang at that time should be Cao Zhen, the general of Cao Wei.

Second, if Sima Yi leads 200,000 troops straight to Yangping and has discovered that Yangping is an empty city, even if there is a suspicion of an ambush, he can

station nearby for defense to observe the movement. He won't be so scared that he pisses himself off.

Third, "Three Kingdoms? Biography of Wei Yan" says that Zhuge Liang was unwilling to hand over ten thousand people to Wei Yan's command. How could he safely hand over his heavy troops to Wei Yan and go east alone, while leaving only the old, weak, sick and disabled? Woolen cloth?

Fourth, Sima Jun is Sima Yi’s son. When others exposed his father’s shortcomings and slandered him, he not only did not object, but instead “spoke generously and generously.” This is obviously impossible.

When Luo Guanzhong was writing the novel, he undoubtedly took a fancy to Guo Chong's five extremely valuable clues about Zhuge Liang's "hiding from the world" in the "Book of Shu", and made a detailed analysis of it. The adaptation, with literary exaggeration and careful processing of the plot, makes the story of the Empty City Strategy full of legend and drama. It also makes Zhuge Liang's image more perfect and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and it also makes the novel shine.

So, did Zhuge Liang really use the "empty city strategy" in history? Or is there really any basis for the "empty city strategy"? I'm afraid this cannot be verified, but I believe that if it is a historical fact that Sima Yi led his troops to attack Zhuge Liang, then Zhuge Liang's use of the "empty city strategy" will also become inevitable.

"Three Kingdoms? Zhao Yun's Biography" quotes "Zhao Yun's Biography" to record Zhao Yun's version of the "Empty City Strategy". The excerpt is as follows:

After Xia Houyuan was defeated, Cao Gong fought for the territory of Hanzhong and transported rice to Beishan. Next, tens of millions of bags. Huang Zhong thought it was desirable, so Yun soldiers followed Zhong to take the rice. The loyalty was not returned when it was expired, so Yun Jiang led dozens of cavalry out of the siege to meet Zhong and others.

When Cao Gong raised his troops to march out, Yun was attacked by the Duke's vanguard. When Fang fought, the masses of his troops arrived, and they were pressed forward. The public army was defeated and reunited. Yun fell into the enemy's trap and returned to the encirclement. When Zhang Zhang was wounded, Yun Fu galloped his horse back to meet him. The public army pursued them to the encirclement. At this time, Mianyang Zhangyi was in Yunwei. Yi wanted to close the door and refuse to defend, but when Yun entered the camp, he opened the door wider and stopped all flags and drums. The public army suspected that there was an ambush and led them away. Clouds, thunder and drums shook the sky, but they fired crossbows at the army behind them. The army was frightened and trampled on each other. Many people fell into the Han River and died. The late Lord Mingdan came to Yunying to look around the place where the battle took place yesterday, and said: "Zilong is full of courage." It seems that this story is relatively true and reliable, and Pei Songzhi did not raise any doubts when citing this information. ...gt;gt;

Question 2: Who actually used the empty city strategy in history? The first person to propose the empty city strategy was Sun Wu. Among the people who used the empty city strategy in the Three Kingdoms were Lu Bu, Zhao Yun, etc., but it seems that they did not mention it. To Kongming.

Empty city strategy, this is a kind of psychological warfare. When one's own side is unable to defend the city, deliberately exposing the emptiness in our city to the enemy is the so-called "what is empty is empty". The enemy will hesitate even more when they have doubts. This is the so-called "suspiciousness arouses suspicion". The enemy is afraid of an ambush in the city and is afraid of being trapped in an ambush. But this is a "dangerous strategy" that hangs in the balance. The key to using this strategy is to clearly understand and master the psychological state and personality characteristics of the enemy general. Zhuge Liang used the empty city strategy to rescue the siege. It was because he fully understood Sima Yi's cautious and suspicious character that he dared to take this dangerous strategy. Zhuge Liang's empty city plan is famous all over the world. Although this matter is a novelist's novel, in fact, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, there really were outstanding examples of using the empty city strategy.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Prince Yuan, the prince of Chu State, wanted very much to possess his beautiful sister-in-law, Mrs. Wen, after the death of his brother King Chu Wen. He tried every means to please, but Mrs. Wen remained indifferent. So he wanted to establish his career and show off his abilities, so as to please Mrs. Wen.

In 666 BC, Prince Yuanqin led 600 military chariots to attack the state of Zheng. The Chu army marched down several cities and approached the capital of Zheng. Zheng's national power was weak, and its capital was empty of troops, unable to resist the Chu army's invasion.

Zheng Guo was in danger, and the ministers were in a panic. Some advocated paying for peace, some advocated fighting to the death, and some advocated standing firm and waiting for help. None of these ideas can resolve the country's crisis. Uncle Zhan, the Shangqing, said: "Neither asking for peace nor a decisive battle is the best policy. Holding tight and waiting for help is the best option. Zheng Guo and Qi Guo have an alliance. Now that there is trouble, the Qi State will send troops to help. I'm afraid it will be difficult to hold on just by talking about it. Young Master The purpose of attacking Zheng in the Yuan Dynasty was to gain fame and gain favor with Mrs. Wen. He must be eager for success and particularly afraid of failure. "I have a plan to retreat from the Chu army." The plan was made and a settlement was made in the city. Order all the soldiers to ambush and prevent the enemy from seeing a single soldier. Let the shops open as usual and people come and go as usual without showing any sign of panic. Open the city gate wide, lower the drawbridge, and appear completely undefended.

The vanguard of the Chu army arrived at the gate of the capital city of Zheng State. Seeing this scene, I became suspicious. Could there be an ambush in the city to lure me into a trap? I didn’t dare to act rashly and waited for Prince Yuan. When Gongzi Yuan rushed to the city, he felt very strange. He led his generals to the high ground outside the city to have a look, and saw that the city was indeed empty, but he could vaguely see Zheng's flag-twirling soldiers. Prince Yuan believed that there was a deception and should not attack rashly. He went into the city to find out the truth and held back his troops.

At this time, Qi State received a letter from Zheng State asking for help and had united with Lu and Song Dynasty to send troops to rescue Zheng. When Prince Yuan heard the report, he knew that the troops of the Three Kingdoms had arrived and the Chu army would definitely not be able to win. Fortunately, we also won a few battles, so it would be better to retreat as soon as possible. He was afraid that Zheng's army would leave the city to pursue him when he retreated, so he ordered the entire army to withdraw overnight, with their men wearing titles and their horses bound in hooves, without making any sound. None of the camps will be demolished, and the clan flag will still fly.

Early the next morning, Uncle Zhan went to the city to take a look and said: "The Chu army has withdrawn." When everyone saw the enemy camp's clan flags fluttering, they did not believe that the troops had withdrawn. Uncle Zhan said: "If there were people in the camp, how could there be so many birds circling up and down? He also deceived me with the empty city tactic and hurriedly withdrew his troops." This was the first example of using the empty city tactic in Chinese history.

Mr. Yi Zhongtian said in "Taste of the Three Kingdoms" that the initiator of the empty city strategy was Cao Cao, not Zhuge Liang. I think what Mr. Yi said is only half right. The Empty City Strategy was indeed not done by Zhuge Liang, but it was definitely not the first one by Cao Cao.

According to a record in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms? Emperor Wu", Mr. Yi said that the "empty city strategy" was "invented" by Cao Cao during a battle with Lu Bu due to a severe shortage of troops. So what does this record say: Bu Fu came from Dongmin to fight Chen Gong with more than 10,000 men. At that time, Taizu's soldiers were few, so he set up an ambush, attacked with surprise troops, and defeated them. The above description couldn't be more clear. The reason why Cao Cao won the victory was to "set up an ambush, attack with surprise troops, and defeat them." So how was the ambush set up? There is an annotation after this passage that can be used as circumstantial evidence. Wei Shu said: There is a large embankment in the west of Tun, and the trees are deep in the south. When he suspected that there was an ambush, he told him: "Cao Cao is very treacherous, so don't fall into the ambush." ??He led the army to camp more than ten miles south of Tunnan. Returning tomorrow, Taizu hid in the military embankment and came out halfway outside the military embankment. When Bu Yi advanced, he ordered his light troops to challenge him. Once they were united, the ambush troops all rode on the embankment, advanced on foot and on horseback, and defeated them. It is unequivocally said that Cao Cao set up an ambush at the embankment of Tunxi, and there is no theory of an empty city.

The Empty City Strategy in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is one of the most popular stories, and it is also an important chapter that best demonstrates Kong Ming's wisdom and courage. We all know that "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is compiled based on the historical book "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and its storyline is not based on imagination, but in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms? The Biography of Kong Ming"...gt;gt;

Question 3: List two Chinese Peking Opera dramatists and their representative works, the four famous Peking Opera actors - Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Shang Xiaoyun, Xun Huisheng

"Ten Scholars", "Si Lang Visits His Mother", " "Lian Sheng Shop", "Serial Set", "Empty City Strategy", "War for Peace", "The Drunken Concubine", "Tickling the Pulley", "Execution Trial", "Gathering of Heroes".

Question 4: To whom did the empty city strategy happen in history? Historically, the "empty city strategy" of straw boats borrowing arrows and borrowing the east wind in the Three Kingdoms were all fake. There were no such things in history. From the Jin Dynasty, literati and artists began to beautify the image of Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms, and it has been passed down to the present. The lagoon is getting bigger and bigger, like Romance of the Three Kingdoms or something.

The real "empty city strategy" actually happened to Cao Cao. In the battle between Cao Cao and Lu Bu, Cao Cao's army went out to harvest wheat. Lu Bu attacked the city. As a result, Cao Cao left many family members and The old and weak women and children were on the city tower, and there happened to be a forest not far from the city. Lu Bu thought that Cao's thieves were ambushing him, so he withdrew. When Lu Bu came to attack again for the second time, this time Cao Cao really ambushed his troops in the woods.

In fact, Cao Cao should have invented the "empty city strategy", but Zhuge Liang took it away.

Question 5: Characters in Peking Opera "Empty City Strategy" Peking Opera "Empty City Strategy" (also known as "Fuqin Retreats the Soldiers")

Character occupations

Zhuge Liang (Laosheng)

Sima Yi (Jing)

Sima Shi (Jing)

Sima Zhao (Xiaosheng)

Zhao Yun (Laosheng)

Old Army Armor (Ugly)

Lao Junyi (Ugly)

Piano boy, flag board, newspaper, dragon set

Question 6: What is the truth about the empty city plan? When Zhuge Liang is mentioned , people will think of the Empty City Strategy, and talking about the Empty City Strategy shows people's great respect for Zhuge Liang's military talent. So, did Zhuge Liang’s empty city plan ever happen? When did people's pursuit of Zhuge Liang start? What kind of unique criticism does Mr. Yi Zhongtian have on Zhuge Liang's historical image?

Zhuge Liang has been sought after by many people since at least the Jin Dynasty. At that time, there was a man named Guo Chong. Guo Chong was probably a die-hard "fan" of Zhuge Liang. He felt that people's evaluation of Zhuge Liang was far from enough, so he wrote an article called "Five Liang Things, Hidden and Unheard" "In the world", what does it mean? That is to say, I have five things here that you all don’t know. The third thing is the empty city strategy.

Zhuge Liang's empty city plan was first seen in this article by Guo Chong.

Later, Pei Songzhi quoted this material when he wrote annotations for "Three Kingdoms" and refuted it, saying that such a thing could not have happened in Yangping at that time. Why? Because Sima Yi was the governor of Jingzhou at that time and was stationed in Wancheng and was not on the battlefield in Yangping. How could Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi have planned an empty city? But the story of this empty city plot is so exciting that it has been told again and again in literary works and performed again and again in dramatic works. However, this matter is neither factual nor logical. Let's briefly talk about this empty city strategy. The general meaning is that Sima Yi led his troops to attack, and Zhuge Liang sent Ma Di to guard the street pavilion. Ma Di was a nerd. He could talk but not fight. He lost the street pavilion, so Sima Yi He led hundreds of thousands of troops to rush towards him. At that time, Zhuge Liang had no soldiers left, so he had to open all four city gates and sent 20 veterans to sweep the floor at the door. Zhuge Liang himself moved a piano, burned a furnace of incense, and brought two children with him. , sitting on the tower singing karaoke. Sima Yi's army came over to see what was going on, and then Sima Yi rode forward on his own horse. He was shocked and said, "What are you doing?" The city gates are wide open and he's having a party. So withdrew the troops.

This thing is illogical. First of all, aren't you just afraid that there is an ambush of troops in his city? Can you send a reconnaissance company in to find out the truth? Second, Sima Yi personally came to the city gate and saw Zhuge Liang looking calm on the city tower. The sound of the piano was not chaotic, which means that the distance was very close and he could see and hear clearly. Can you send a sharp archer to shoot him down? Third, according to Guo Chong's statement and "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the disparity in military power between the two armies is huge. Some say that Sima Yi led an army of 200,000 people, while others say that Sima Yi led an army of hundreds of thousands. Anyway, At least 100,000. Can you surround the city for three days without attacking? Why turn around and leave? All of them are illogical, Zhuge Liang's empty city plan is false

Question 7: Famous representatives of opera and the four famous dandans in Henan Opera - Chang Xiangyu, Ma Jinfeng, Chen Suzhen, Cui Lantian

Peking Opera Four Famous dandans - Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Xun Huisheng, Shang Xiaoyun

Four famous dandans in Peking Opera - Ma Lianliang, Tan Fuying, Yang Baosen, Xi Xiaobo

Four famous dandies in Yue Opera - -Shi Yinhua, Zhao Ruihua, Wang Xinghua, Yao Shuijuan

Question 8: What is the name of the song played by Empty City Plan in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms? Guqin version of "Wolong Yin"

music.baidu/song/s/840751076590854cd3c95

The above is the link to the song version. The original poster can open it and listen to it.

Question 9: What is the main story of the Empty City Strategy (about 20 words) During the Three Kingdoms period, the State of Wei sent Sima Yi to lead an attack on Jieting of the State of Shu, but Zhuge Liang sent Ma Di to garrison but failed. Sima Yi took advantage of the victory and led his troops to attack the west city. Zhuge Liang had no troops to meet the enemy, but he was calm and composed, opened the city gate wide, and played the piano and sang on the tower. Sima Yi suspected that there was an ambush and led his troops to retreat. After learning that Xicheng was empty and going back to fight again, Zhao Yun rushed back to rescue the siege and finally defeated Sima Yi.

Question 10: What are the most famous dramas in China? The most famous dramas in China include "The Case of the Guillotine", "The Empty City Strategy", "Taking Tiger Mountain by Wisdom", "The Story of the Red Lantern", "Shajiabang", etc.

"The Case of Guillotine Beauty" is also known as "Qin Xianglian". This is a famous passage in the story of Bao Gong. It tells the story of Chen Shimei, who comes from a poor family and his wife Qin Xianglian, who is loving and harmonious. Chen Shimei, who has studied hard for ten years, went to Beijing to take the exam. After winning the first prize, he was recruited by Renzong as his consort. Qin Xianglian had not heard from Chen Shimei for a long time, so she took her son to Beijing to find her husband, but Chen Shimei refused to recognize her and sent Han Qi to hunt her down in the middle of the night. Han Qi couldn't bear to commit suicide and had to commit suicide in order to seek justice. Qin Xianglian was mistakenly accused of being the murderer and imprisoned. Under Chen Shimei's instruction, Qin Xianglian was sent to the frontier. Officials were ordered to kill her on the way, but fortunately she was rescued by Zhan Zhao.

Zhan Zhao went to Chen Shimei's hometown to find witnesses for the Qi couple. On the way, Aunt Qi died under a killer's knife. Bao Zheng found witnesses and material evidence, and wanted to convict the consort. The princess and the Queen Mother both rushed to stop him, but Bao Zheng would eventually Chen Shimei presented the leading guillotine. The story has been adapted into dramas and film and television works. The dramas include Peking Opera, Qin Opera, Henan Opera, Haifeng Baizi Opera, Haifeng Western Qin Opera, and it is also one of the classic Teochew operas; the film and television include the first unit story of the 93 version of "Bao Qingtian", etc. .

"The Empty City Strategy" is a classic play of traditional Peking Opera. It tells the story of Zhuge Liang losing his street pavilion due to Ma Su's self-control ability. Wei general Sima Yi took advantage of the situation and led 150,000 troops to attack the west city where Zhuge Liang was stationed. At that time, Zhuge Liang's elite troops had all been sent out, and the west city was empty. There were only old and weak soldiers stationed there. They were outnumbered and in extreme danger. Zhuge Liang planned an empty city by opening the city gates wide and calmly climbing up the tower to enjoy the scenery, drinking wine and playing the harp as if nothing had happened. When Sima Yi's troops came to the city, he saw Zhuge Liang sitting on the tower with a pleasant smile, burning incense and playing the harp. He was filled with doubts and fearing that he might be trapped in a trap. He suspected that there was an ambush, so he refused to retreat. He returned to attack the city again, but Zhao Yun resisted and withdrew his troops.

"Taking Tiger Mountain by Wisdom" was adapted by the Shanghai Peking Opera Theater in 1958 based on a story about "Taking Tiger Mountain by Wisdom" in Qu Bo's novel "Lin Hai Xue Yuan" and with reference to the play of the same name. It was originally produced by the Shanghai Peking Opera Company. Theater Troupe One was founded in the summer of 1958. Plays with the same theme include "Capturing the Mountain Eagle" by the Beijing Opera Troupe and "Capturing the Tiger Mountain" by the Beijing People's Art Theatre.

"The Story of the Red Lantern" is one of the revolutionary modern Peking Operas and one of the eight model operas. The story of "The Story of the Red Lantern" is based on the movie "There Are Descendants". This play is a masterpiece of the China Peking Opera Company Excellent repertoire, from the 1960s to the present, many artists including Li Shaochun, Yuan Shihai, Du Jinfang, Gao Yuqian, Qian Haoliang, Liu Changyu, Li Weikang, Feng Zhixiao, Sun Yue, Wang Jinghua, Du Fujin, Zhang Lan, Geng Qiaoyun, etc. have participated in the performance. In recent years, the youth troupe has rehearsed this play, and with the guidance of veteran artists, the performance has been a success.

"Shajiabang" is one of the eight model operas. The predecessor of the Peking Opera "Shajiabang" is the Shanghai Opera "Ludang Fire". In 1963, the Beijing Peking Opera Troupe accepted the task of adapting the Shanghai Opera "Ludang Fire". The creative team consisted of four people: Wang Zengqi, Yang Yumin, Xiao Jia, and Xue Enhou. As the main writer, Wang Zengqi focused on the literary aspects of the script during the adaptation process. Sexually. The Peking Opera adaptation of "Ludang Fire" was originally titled "Underground Liaison Officer", with Zhao Yanxia as Sister A Qing and Tan Yuanshou as Guo Jianguang. After being reviewed by national leaders, the title of the play was decided by Chairman Mao Zedong as "Shajiabang".