Why did Qin fall?

Everyone in the world said that Qin died due to tyranny. As the saying goes, the king of Qin was unruly, and the whole world rebelled. I don't think so. First, the Qin Dynasty's burning of books and cultivating Confucianism was nothing compared to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty who deposed hundreds of schools of thought and only respected Confucianism. And if you burn a few books, you can subdue the country. What a joke. Secondly, Qin is not innocent. Qin was only known for its strict laws and strict regulations. It embodies the rule of law and the ruthlessness of the law. The laws of the Qin State were ruthless, but under the background of such laws, Qin was able to conquer Liuhe from the Xirong princes in the northwest, conquer the world, and swallow up the mountains and rivers. It is true that this method may not be adapted to the local environment. When it comes to the homeland of the Six Kingdoms, the local people cannot adapt to the laws and regulations with Qin's characteristics. But the Qin Dynasty had an invincible army of one million people. This army once made people fearful and changed their minds when they talked about it. According to Sima Qian's "Historical Records", each Qin army on the battlefield went into battle shirtless, tucked away prisoners, and carried the heads of enemy soldiers in their hands (this is related to the military reward system of the Qin State. The Qin army received rewards based on the head, so the head is the most important important), extremely brave. Moreover, the Qin army had the highest military experience at that time. The Qin State's weapon production technology was also the best. It had implemented an assembly line production process. For this reason, the Qin State still used bronze weapons to make weapons instead of iron weapons (because the bronze weapon production technology was much more mature than iron weapons at that time. , much more perfect). Just imagine why such a powerful army fell apart in just a few years! ! Why was an army capable of sweeping across six countries wiped out by the newly armed peasant rebel army? Why was a Xiang army that was able to fight fiercely with Zhao's 450,000 cavalry for several months in Changping and annihilate the enemy army, but was completely wiped out by 30,000 Xiang troops who were in ruins? In the end, this army could not even hold the pass (Hangu Pass) and lost its old nest. Just imagine that Su Qin was in charge of the seals of the six kingdoms and could not conquer it with millions of troops. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu both had only tens of thousands of troops, so they brought the arrogant Qin Dynasty to an end. Why is this! ! I secretly believe that it was the internal strife within the Qin Dynasty that succeeded Liu Bang. Qin Shihuang's failure was that he did not appoint his eldest son Fusu as the crown prince (this is an eternal mystery) and improperly employed people, especially trusting the villain Li Si, which led to the Sand Dune Conspiracy. As a result, Generals Fusu and Mengtian were later killed. The country fell into the hands of Hu Hai. Within a few years, the eunuch Zhao Gao killed Hu Hai and made Fusu's son Ziying emperor. Later, Ziying killed Zhao Gao. All of this led to the internal fragmentation of the Qin Dynasty, which quickly lost its political and military advantages. What's even more serious is that when uprisings broke out, the 200,000 Qin troops fighting against the Huns in the far north and the 300,000 Qin troops in Baiyue (today's Vietnam) stood still. Isn't this strange? Even in the end, the Qin Dynasty relied on prisoners to defend the capital Xianyang. The truth of history is now clear. Qin did not die due to tyranny, nor did it die due to the resistance of the remaining people of the Six Kingdoms to resist Qin, but died in its own backyard. 15 years, it only took 15 years from the most powerful to being destroyed (221 BC~~~~206 BC), which is worth pondering! ! ! ! The reason why Qin fell was rooted in two people, one was Li Si and the other was Zhao Gao. Why do you say Li Si? In "On the Passage of Qin" it is said that it is because of the immutable laws. After reading many books, I think not. If it is said that it is because the Qin laws are too strict, then why did the people of Qin not rebel and respond to each other during the chaos? There was an uproar outside, and the area outside Guanzhong was not owned by Qin, but Guanzhong was quiet. Xiang Yu killed 200,000 people in the pit, all of whom were Qin people. Therefore, the reason is not the law, but because the Guandong and Qin people at that time were not the same family. In other words, the Qin people were Qin people and now Shaanxi people, and people from any province, such as Hebei people, you You can't say that someone is from Qin, but if you say that he is from Han, he will definitely not object. Therefore, the most important reason why the anti-Qin cause was so vigorous at that time was that no one considered themselves to be Qin people. In other words, they did not have any orthodox thoughts about the Qin Dynasty, and there would still be three people from Chu and Chu. Qin Bichu's idea of ????death. We know that the Chinese people have a strong sense of orthodoxy. Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, and everyone helped him restore it. The most important reason for this is that the Qin Dynasty did not implement the enfeoffment system. Everyone may know the disadvantages of the enfeoffment system, but the reason why it existed is that it also has its value. It is mentioned in Ma's "The Prince" I have seen that after a kingdom conquers a region, there are two ways to occupy it permanently. One is to station a large number of troops. This is useful, but uneconomical. The second is that the monarch lives directly in the newly occupied place. But there is only one monarch. The enfeoffment system actually served as a substitute for the monarch.

Many things are not all harmful but not beneficial, or all beneficial but not harmful. The important thing is to weigh. When the Qin Dynasty considered this issue, winning the government was not as risky as some people thought, so they just listened to Li Si. So when Chen Sheng revolted, I didn’t say anything else, just that in the process of destroying Qin in the end Xiang Yu and Liu Bang played a decisive role in the rebellion. When Xiang Yu rebelled, he discussed with the prefect of that place to rebel together, and then unexpectedly killed the prefect and rebelled himself; Liu Bang discussed with the county magistrate to work together, but later the magistrate saw Liu Bang's people were afraid of not being able to control him and regretting it, so they couldn't kill him. It can be seen that the Qin magistrates played a role. Who can say that Qin's demise had nothing to do with the lack of enfeoffment?