The highest mountain range in Africa belongs to Tanzania?

Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain range in Africa. It is a volcanic hill with an altitude of 5895 meters and an area of 756 square kilometers. It is located in the northeast of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, near Kenya, and it is the watershed between Tanzania and Kenya. It is located at 3 degrees south latitude (30339.11s372137). Kilimanjaro is called "the roof of Africa", and many geographers like to call it "the king of Africa". Kilimanjaro National Park and Forest Reserve occupy the whole Kilimanjaro Mountain and surrounding forests. Kilimanjaro National Park consists of all mountainous areas above the tree line and six forest corridors passing through mountain forest belts. Kilimanjaro is surrounded by mountains, and many mammals live here, some of which are endangered species. A volcano in northeastern Tanzania near the Kenyan border. Its central volcanic cone is called Kibo Peak, with an altitude of 5,895 meters (19,341ft), which is the highest point in Africa. Kilimanjaro is located about 65,438+060 kilometers (65,438+000 miles) south of the Great Rift Valley and about 225 kilometers (65,438+040 miles) south of Nairobi. The main body of this mountain extends nearly 80 kilometers (50 miles) from east to west, and consists of three main extinct volcanoes-Kibo volcano, Marvin volcano and Sheila volcano. The Kibo era is the latest and the highest, and it still maintains the shape of a typical volcanic cone and crater. It is about 4600 meters (15000 feet) above sea level with Ma Wenxi (5354 meters [17564 feet]), and its height is 1 1 km. The Hilla Mountains (3,778 meters [65,438+02,395 feet] above sea level) are just the remains of an early crater. Below Ma 'anling, the main body of Kilimanjaro inclines to the plain below in a typical volcanic curve, and the height of the plain is about 900 meters (3,000 feet) above sea level. Although Kibo looks like a dome covered with snow, there is a crater with a diameter of 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) and a depth of about 300 meters (980 feet) on its south side. An internal volcanic cone shows the residual volcanic activity in this crater. Different from the regular cone of Kibo Peak, MaWenxi Peak is strongly eroded, and the mountain range is rugged and steep, which is divided from east to west by narrow valleys. Kibo's ice sheet survived along the edge of the ice sheet, forming scattered large ice cubes. On the southwest slope of Kibo, the glacier ends at 4270 meters (14000 feet), and on the north side, it descends only a short distance below its peak. Marvin's Western Hills have no permanent ice and almost no snow. Kilimanjaro Mountain has several vegetation belts in turn, which are composed of semi-arid shrubs on the surrounding plateau, farmland with sufficient water on the south slope, dense cloud forest, open moor, alpine desert, moss and lichen. Animals of all sizes live in this mountain. The average annual precipitation on the slopes of Kilimanjaro is 1, 780 mm (70 inches). The south slope and the east slope supply Pangani River, Tsavo River and Jipe Lake, while the north slope supplies Amboseli Lake and Tsavo River. The Pare Mountains extend southeast from Luo Feng in Kilimanjaro. Kilimanjaro is one of the main producing areas of light coffee, barley, wheat and sucrose in Tanzania. Other crops include agarwood, corn, various beans, bananas, acacia bark, cotton, pyrethrum and potatoes. The residents in this area are Chaga (Chaga or Chaga), Pale, Kah and Mbugu. When German missionaries Rebmann and Klapf arrived in Kilimanjaro on 1848, the stratum there was already known to Europeans, but it took people a long time to believe the news of snow on the mountain peaks near the equator (3 south latitude). German geographer Hans Meyer and Austrian mountaineer Ludwig Putschler first climbed Mount Kibo in 1889. German geographer Kraut first climbed Mount MaWenxi in 19 12. Mohi, located in the southern foot of Kilimanjaro, is a major trade center and mountaineering base. Kilimanjaro has two main peaks, one is Uhuru and the other is Ma Wenji. There is a saddle ridge with a length of 10 kilometers between the two peaks. From a distance, Kilimanjaro is an isolated mountain, rising from the vast East African prairie, towering into the clouds and imposing. When you stare at this magnificent and deep snow-capped mountain, you can often feel that it has an inner strength, a burning primitive vitality. There is a crater with a diameter of 2400 meters and a depth of 200 meters at the equatorial peak of Mount Kilimanjaro in Uhuru. The walls of the crater are flawless, and huge icicles stand at the bottom, covered with snow and ice, just like a huge jade basin. In Swahili, Kilimanjaro means "sparkling mountain". Its outline is very clear: the slowly rising slope leads to a long and flat top, which is a real giant crater-a basin-like volcanic peak. On a hot day, from a distance, the blue mountain base is pleasing to the eye, while the top of the snowy mountain seems to hover in the air. Fog that often extends below the snow line deepens this illusion. The temperature at the foot of the mountain is sometimes as high as 59℃, while the temperature at the top of the mountain is often MINUS 34℃, so it is called "equatorial snow peak". Kilimanjaro has been a mysterious and fascinating mountain for centuries-no one really believes that there is such a snow-covered mountain near the equator. Kilimanjaro is extremely sacred in Tanzanian hearts. Many tribes hold traditional sacrificial activities at the foot of the mountain every year to worship the mountain gods and pray for peace. [Edit this paragraph] Kilimanjaro, the crown of Africa, is the highest mountain in Africa. According to the vertical distribution law of climate in mountainous areas, the basic climate of Kilimanjaro is from the corner of the mountain to the top of the mountain, and from tropical rain forest climate to ice sheet climate respectively. This landscape includes basic vegetation from equator to poles. Because it is located near the equator, the vegetation starts from the tropical rain forest. Climate distribution belongs to non-zonal distribution. Due to global warming and environmental degradation, in recent years, the snow on the top of Mount Kilimanjaro melted, and the glacier retreated seriously, and the "snow crown" of Mount Kilimanjaro once disappeared. If the situation continues to deteriorate, Kilimanjaro's ice sheet will no longer exist in 15 years. According to the report of the United Nations, Kilimanjaro's ice sheet will melt with global warming and disappear completely after 15 years. Illegal logging, charcoal production, quarrying and forest fires have all contributed to the melting of the ice sheet. The disappearance of Kilimanjaro glacier will bring serious damage to the ecosystem in this area. According to relevant research reports, the glacier volume of Kilimanjaro Mountain has decreased by nearly 80% in the past 100 years, resulting in a decrease in drinking water supply for nearby residents. [Edit this paragraph] Mount Kilimanjaro, the darling of Tanzania, is the pride of Tanzanians, who regard themselves as people under the sails of the grassland. It is said that a long time ago, the gods descended on this towering mountain and looked down on the top of the mountain and blessed his people. In order to drive away the gods, the monsters entrenched in the mountain lit a fire inside the mountainside, and the fiery magma spewed out with the blazing fire. The devil's behavior angered the gods. He called lightning to put out the fire and snow and hail to fill the smoky mountain pass. This is the equatorial snow mountain we see today, a unique scenic spot on the earth. This ancient and beautiful story has been passed down from generation to generation among Tanzanian people, making these mountains sacred and majestic. 1 April 19991day, the country's "Africa" newspaper came out with a surprising news, saying that "the developed countries in the European Union are prepared to spend huge sums of money to raise Kilimanjaro by several hundred meters with sand". When the "good news" came, many Tanzanians jumped with joy and thought, "Will it be the second Mount Everest?" However, the next day, the newspaper broke the news that April 1 day was "April Fool's Day". Even so, there are still some people who firmly believe that because they clearly see more than 20 foreigners with high noses and blue eyes carrying instruments to measure snow-capped mountains every day! The answer was revealed before the "2000 Century Climbing" in Tanzania. The government announced that the exact height of Kilimanjaro is 5892 meters. Many Tanzanians began to feel unbalanced: why, the mountain is 3 meters shorter! In fact, the mountain is still so high, but there are errors in past measurements. It is reported that since 1889, German and British scholars have taken turns to measure this mountain almost like a competition, and they have obtained various figures such as 60 1 1, 5982, 5930, 5965, 5963 and 5895 respectively. Barak, who still runs a small hotel at the foot of the mountain, has a point: "As long as other mountains in Africa don't grow taller, Kilimanjaro is still the first in Africa, and it is as difficult to climb it as before. If you don't believe me, I'll buy you a beer when you climb up. The famous product is Kilimanjaro! " Kilimanjaro is the mother mountain of Tanzanian people. She raised generations of children with her milk and gave them endless joy. However, in the19th century, German colonists first invaded this beautiful and charming land, disturbing the peace and tranquility here. They described Kilimanjaro Snow Mountain, which has long been named by African people, as their "first discovery" and carved their so-called "achievements" in stone. This "merit" tablet, which records the evils of colonialism, still stands in front of the gate of an old villa in Moxi, and has now become a textbook for patriotic education in Tanzania. Later, British colonists occupied this land. On the birthday of German Emperor William, Queen Elizabeth presented Kilimanjaro's Snow Peak as a "birthday present" and staged a farce full of colonial colors. In fact, who is the owner of the equatorial snow mountain is the most understandable. Kilimanjaro, which belongs to Tanzania and Africa, is a symbol of rugged Africans. As we all know, it is still an active volcano.