Why are people from Shanxi called Jiumaojiu? The person who answers the fastest gets a kiss

I am from Shanxi.

But I dare not write about my hometown. This is because the culture of Shanxi in the past was too long, too rich, and too splendid, while the current Shanxi is too decadent, too embarrassing, and too heavy. . The sense of pride and melancholy created by this huge contrast is complicated and painfully ruminating in the hearts of every Shanxi person. The days of Yao, Tian and Shun in the ancient Yellow River have long gone, the romantic talents of the Tang Dynasty have withdrawn, the swords and swords of the Five Dynasties have come to an end, the low singing of the Song and Yuan Dynasties has become hoarse, and the revolutionary fire of the Ming and Qing Dynasties has become indifferent. Even the noisy practice of launching satellites from Dazhai has become outdated. Today, the unwilling Shanxi people, reminded by a scholar named Yu Qiuyu, excitedly picked up the ticket number culture that "their ancestors were once rich", shouted and made a fuss. In fact, Shanxi people, who were always at the forefront of trendy times and pioneered a generation of culture, should have more choices and more ambitious measures.

I have always believed that among all provinces in China, in terms of the hierarchy, diversity and sharpness of talents, no one can compare with Shanxi in terms of quality or quantity. In the five thousand years of civilization history, Shanxi-born emperors, generals, ministers, talented scholars and beauties have emerged one after another, too numerous to mention. Jin Wengong, the overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Zetian, the Empress of the Zhou Dynasty, Huo Qubing, the famous general of the Han Dynasty, Sima Guang, the wise prime minister of the Song Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan, the literary master, and Yang Yuhuan, the shameless beauty... These famous heavyweights all look down on the contemporary and have their names forever. Perhaps it’s because there are so many celebrities in Shanxi and their fields are so widely spread, so writing an article about Shanxi is always a bit of a waste of time. Because there are too many celebrities that you want to mention, too many.

There is an interesting phenomenon, that is, the geographical appearance characteristics of Shanxi people are relatively obvious (you will know that you are from Shanxi when you open your mouth), but their collective personality is not so flamboyant, it is so vague that it can only be described as grand. It's so vivid that it can only be described as atmospheric. They are generally gentle, simple and elegant. To this day, in the vast rural areas of Shanxi, there are complicated and elaborate routines for weddings, weddings, and weddings, and conversations with some rural elders are also quite ancient. However, as a representation of regional spirit, it is difficult for us to summarize some Shanxi characteristics in Shanxi celebrities. They are too majestic and mighty. That kind of personality and temperament have already crossed Luliang and Taihang. Along with the roaring Yellow River and the strong west wind, they have melted into the bone marrow of every descendant of Yan and Huang and blown into the heart of every Chinese. That is a great personality that can only be called the national spirit. They are too outstanding. The outstanding ones only need to express themselves. They are too great. The great ones can only represent themselves. Here, I have no intention to argue that Shanxi people represent China, but I cannot selfishly limit their spirit to the spirit of Shanxi.

Chinese literati have always been proud of their origins. In ancient times, when introducing poets, they usually followed their names, followed by a supplementary sentence about their family name. Many famous people often call their hometown as their hometown, or they call them Liu Hedong, Wang Linchuan, Mr. Sushui, or Qinglian layman. Today's literati such as Jia Pingwa, although he does not call himself "Jia Shaanxi", he always maintains a strong Shaanxi accent and happily expresses his distinctive style of "I am from Xi'an", which is really cute. One thing that is strange is that Shanxi poets have very few poems about their hometown. I think it's not that they don't love this place. It is because they have always had a weak concept of region, their vision is never blocked by mountains and ravines, and their talents always flow with the rolling Yellow River. They have always had a broad mind and a global view. In the vast historical materials, I am always amazed by their wisdom and impressed by their temperament. They are gentle and honest, smart and generous, and especially have the spirit of independent thinking. They can always lead the way and create the first of their generation.

I think this is probably the result of "enlightenment". In addition to the natural teachings of heaven and earth, in addition to good innate qualities, Guan Jian is also related to "human teacher". Shanxi naturally has many famous teachers and sages. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a famous Confucian educator Xunzi. During the Warring States Period, there was Guiguzi who taught Su Zhang the art of vertical and horizontal movements. At the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, there was also a great educator who trained Fang Xuanling, Wei Zheng and other virtuous ministers. Wang Tong. This old Mr. Wang Tong suffered many disasters, and his grandson Wang Bo was even more powerful. As we all know, when he was twenty years old, he wrote the popular and immortal masterpiece "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng". At such an age, being able to write such wonderful words as "the sunset and the solitary swans flying together, the autumn water and the long sky are the same color" is naturally related to his "extremely deep family background". According to "Tan Sou", he "Every time he wrote a poem for a stele, he would first rub several liters of ink, then lie down with his face covered; then he would suddenly get up and write in one stroke without making any changes at first.

At that time, people called it a 'preface'. In this regard, I don't think it is as simple as "genius", but it must be related to his grandfather's education methods. As you know, he did not write the "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion" Draft, this is naturally inseparable from the strict scientific education he received from childhood. Here, you can't help but admire this old man's ability.

Tang poetry has always been known for its simplicity and simplicity. The poems of the Tang Dynasty are still impressive. Among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, Shanxi poets hold a considerable weight. According to statistics, there are nearly 50,000 works in "Poetry of the Tang Dynasty", with more than 2,000 poets named. Among them, there are 82 people from Shanxi. In terms of poetry, Taiyuan Bai Juyi alone has more than 2,000 poems. These data are amazing. "Wang Han's exquisite philosophy, "Don't laugh while lying drunk on the battlefield, how many people have fought in ancient times"; whether Wang Wei's "bright moon shines among the pines, clear springs and rocks flow" is elegant and fresh, or Liu Zongyuan's "lonely boat and coir raincoat" "Weng, fishing alone in the snow in the cold river" are both so wonderful and so beautiful. Yes, good works can kill, even kill the author. At that time, Shanxi poet Xue Daoheng was famous for his sentence "empty". "The beam falls on the swallow's mud", which aroused the jealousy of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, so he beheaded his head as an excuse. Before his execution, he gloated and said, "Will you still "fall on the swallow's mud"? In any case, we can't help but be impressed by the talent of Shanxi poets and Impressed by his temperament. Without complete knowledge and strong personality, it is impossible to write such high-spirited, elegant and peaceful poems."

We all know that Wang Weineng from Bingzhou is good at poetry and painting, and he is an intelligent interpreter of Buddhism and Taoism. Because he liked the Shi clan, he was named Mojie). Later generations once spoke highly of his "painting within poetry, poetry within painting". His poems and paintings are exquisite in conception and profound in Zen, which are often memorable. In addition, he is particularly proficient in music theory. According to the "National History Supplement": "A guest showed Wang Wei a picture of "Yingle Tu", and Wei said: 'This is the first beat of the third stack of "Nishang".' The guest did not think so; he led the work to follow the music, which is a letter." Later. A serious person, Shen Kuo, conducted careful research and concluded that this theory was not credible. I agree with him. However, no one can deny Wang Wei's musical level. When he was young, he played the piano well and was introduced to a royal princess, which aroused her curiosity. She then recommended his poems and gradually became popular. The "National History Supplement" also said, "Wei has the title of a poem, but it is easy to pick up the verses. If you go to a water-poor place and sit and watch the clouds rise, people think that Hanying has concentrated his poems. Egrets fly in the desert paddy fields, and yellow orioles sing in the summer trees. "It's a poem by Li Jiayou." I don't know whether this is a compliment or a criticism. I only know that Chairman Mao sometimes "takes lines from others", but it does not affect the quality of the poems at all. It can be seen that only majestic figures like Wang Wei and Mao Zedong can quote boldly without sticking to trivial matters.

Not afraid to gossip, go your own way, know what they need and what they are doing. This kind of independent thinking spirit is particularly rare among Chinese intellectuals. As you know, most scholars have an acquired "chondrosis". They either act according to the wind, or follow what others say. In short, they are too lazy to think, or they dare not think. Because Wang Wei thought deeply, he was able to be unique and accomplished in poetry, painting, music theory, and Buddhism. Later, Liu Zongyuan also rarely insisted on his own ideas. As we all know, his poems are "quiet and gloomy, with a unique path of their own", especially those landscape sketches with clear, profound meaning, sparseness and purity, which are even more praised by the world. Of course, it was precisely because he adhered to principles so much and had so many ideas that he naturally couldn't play well in politics. He was demoted and moved around, and finally died in the remote southern wilderness.

This old Xi'er, who has a very "humanistic" spirit, dug wells, ran schools, planted trees, built temples, and released maids during his years in Liuzhou. He did a lot with his conscience and enthusiasm. Things he can do. After his death, local people built the Liuhou Temple to commemorate and express their gratitude to him in the simplest way. I remember that a deputy mayor of Liuzhou City said: "The opening up and development of Liuzhou in the past two years are thanks to Liu Zongyuan and other demoted officials who went south. They opened Liuzhou from the ground up." If there is a spirit in the sky, I would like to say, "Fellow "There will definitely be a faint smile on that thin face.

The story of Sima Guang smashing the vat is a household name in China, known to all women and children. The soul boy who wisely saved the little friend was from Xia County, Shanxi Province. He had great ambitions since childhood, was smart and read well, and when he grew up, he not only wrote the brilliant masterpiece "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" and became a literary giant, he also served as an official with integrity and became a wise prime minister of his generation. And we all know that he is known as "conservative" in politics. When Wang Anshi carried out reforms, he was too drastic and caused official resentment and public dissatisfaction.

However, Wang Anshi was very domineering and arbitrary. Anyone who dared to have objections would be demoted immediately. At that time, a large number of knowledgeable officials from the "popular" faction headed by Sima Guang, such as Su Dongpo, Ouyang Xiu, Fan Zhongyan, etc., were squeezed out, demoted, moved, and exiled countless times. Wang Anshi's insistence on "tongbian" means "everything must change." Anyone with a little common sense will understand that this is a "product of dreamers" with extreme ideas and hot-headedness. Today's political economists all know that the radical "Great Leap Forward" reforms are really undesirable. Historically, ordinary people have suffered too much in this regard. And "popular customs", to put it bluntly, represent the interests of ordinary people, which is also a normal and popular view. Under the high political pressure at that time, it took a lot of courage to stick to one's point of view. Because daring to "oppose" means that your official robe may be stripped off and your private property may be confiscated. But this old Xi'er was not afraid. He remained upright and expressed his views clearly. Later, Wang Anshi failed, and everyone attacked him, shouting to block all the new laws. Only Sima Guang believed that the "Exemption from Service" (mercenary system) in the new law had merits and retained it. Moreover, for Wang Anshi, he did not advocate revenge and beat him to death with a stick. At this point, we cannot help but pay deep respect to this conservative leader for his "stubbornness" and his big heart. Today, in front of the tomb with dense pines and cypresses in his hometown, there is an "apricot blossom monument" given by the Empress Dowager. It is a pity that the inscription was smoothed out by a traitorous official out of jealousy, and what you see now was re-engraved by future generations.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, another scholar named Fu Shan came out of Shanxi, who was an outstanding scholar in poetry, calligraphy, painting and medicine. He was extremely smart. He was outstanding in calligraphy, painting, and poetry. He was of his own school and could be called the leader of the northern literary world. Liang Qichao once praised his talent and learning as "unmatched by anyone north of the Yellow River". Emperor Kangxi at that time thought that he was a talent and wanted to give him an official position. But he is very stubborn and sticks to his "orthodox" integrity, but is uncooperative. At that time, he was forcibly carried to Beijing for an audience. When he saw the words "大清门", he fell to the ground, burst into tears and refused to get up. In the end, the emperor had nothing to do with him. You should know that if he did this at that time, he might offend Long Yan and lose his head, but he was not afraid. Maybe you will question the significance of this kind of passive resistance similar to Gandhi's "non-cooperation", but you can't help but admire his courage to confront the emperor. Even today, we have no reason to laugh at the pure purity and arrogance in his bones.

This stubborn old Xi'er also made a major contribution to the research of gynecology. "Fu Qingzhu Gynecology" written by him is the best, most comprehensive and authoritative gynecological medical work in ancient China. Experts and scholars in this field today still regard it as a classic. In his time, it took a lot of courage and courage for a grown man, especially a prestigious scholar, to specialize in gynecology and solve women's problems. It is said that he also wrote a "History of Sexuality". From this, we can see that Lao Xier (a quasi-feminist) is diligent in thinking, courageous in practice, and unique.