What does Tess mean?

For a boy to send Tess, it means that the boy will have a good impression on himself, so he can still associate according to whether he likes it or not. Of course, ordinary friends or blue confidants can also improve their methods of making friends with each other.

What is the book Tess about?

Tess is also translated as Tess of the D 'Urbervilles.

It is the masterpiece of Hardy's famous Wessex series.

This novel describes the unfortunate fate of a pure girl. Tess, the protagonist, is a beautiful peasant girl who lost her virginity and became pregnant because of being lured by her master. Since then, this shameful fact deprived her of the right to accept true love, which led to her being abandoned by her husband on her wedding night. Later, in desperation, she returned to the young master's arms. Unexpectedly, at this moment, her nominal husband returned from a thousand miles of illness and searched hard. Tess resolutely killed her cohabiting young master for her true love, and after a brief reunion with her husband, she went to the gallows.

What is the writing background of Tess?

You can give an online audition link or download address, hehe.

What caused Tess's tragedy?

Tess's tragedy is first and foremost a social tragedy. Hardy's novel Wessex is set in his hometown of Wessex. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, British capitalist industrial civilization invaded the countryside, and Hardy's hometown also suffered a strong impact. His patriarchal society collapsed rapidly, and individual farmers fell into a tragic situation of unemployment and poverty economically. Faced with the consequences of industrial civilization, Hardy, as a humanitarian writer, was deeply shocked, deeply attached to the ancient patriarchal civilization, and hated the destruction of people's harmonious living conditions by industrial civilization. The social tragedy consciousness of Hardy's local novels is based on the social background at that time, taking the conflict between industrial civilization and patriarchal civilization as the breakthrough point, and adopting the objective description method from panorama to part and from surface to point to profoundly express people's living dilemma. In Tess of the D 'Urbervilles, Hardy describes the influence of industrial civilization on the countryside at that time in a panoramic way, and then takes Tess's family as the epitome of individual farmers, profoundly showing people's painful struggle in material difficulties. Social tragedy is caused by the conflict between man and social environment. Tess lived in the Victorian era when British capitalism invaded the countryside and poisoned the social atmosphere. Although smart and beautiful, hardworking and kind, this weak woman is poor, financially strapped and burdened. Her social status is low. As a laborer and agricultural worker without power and money, she will naturally be oppressed by capitalist society, which is economic, powerful, physical, spiritual, religious and moral. Her tragedy was caused by the times. At the same time, Alec and Clay represented two different objective social forces that pushed Tess into the abyss, and together they directly led to Tess's social tragedy. Tess lived in the 1980s of 19. At this time, British capitalism not only developed by leaps and bounds in cities, but also a large-scale capitalist mode of operation began to sprout in rural areas (Crick's boss's big milk factory and the rich peasant Grouber farm described in his works are the portrayal of this capitalist mode of production). With the invasion of capitalism, the British countryside under paternalism tends to collapse step by step, leading to the bankruptcy and poverty of individual farmers. Tess's fate as the daughter of a poor farmer and then as an employee is doomed to be tragic. Therefore, Tess's tragedy is a tragedy of the times and society. The second cause of Tess's tragedy is also the direct cause of her tragedy, that is, she is the victim of violence, evil forces and the laws and state machines that safeguard them. The concentrated representative of this violent and evil force is Alec D 'Urberville. Tess grew up in a green and picturesque country. Although her family life was difficult, Tess was bright and cheerful in her girlhood. She loves life, dares to face all difficulties and sacrifices herself to maintain her family. When she first went to the D 'Urbervilles to recognize her relatives, she was extremely reluctant. But when the only old horse in the family who helped his father make a living died, a large number of brothers and sisters, and his father often drank, life was really difficult. For the sake of family life, the girl who has never been out of the house, with a feeling of timidity and shame, finally went to the D 'Urbervilles' house to help. Alec's father was a rich businessman, and later he was given the surname of the noble D 'Urberville. The young rich man, relying on his father's money and power, dominated the countryside and did evil. When he first met Tess, his lewd face was exposed. Because Tess is young, ignorant and inexperienced, and the surrounding environment is so dark that no one helps and protects her, he takes advantage of people's danger to set a trap, ravage and defile Tess, and destroy her virginity and happiness all her life. Although he once turned over a new leaf with the help of Reverend Clay, and became a priest himself, and planned to sell his property to preach in Africa, decades of bad habits have not been eradicated. When he met Tess again, the evil thoughts revived, and several years of teaching were in vain. But Tess saw through the soul of the priest in cassock: "People like you used to be happy with people like me. They only cared about themselves. As for how I suffered, it's none of your business; When you have played enough and opened your heart enough, you will say that you are enlightened and ready to go to heaven to enjoy yourself after death; You have taken advantage of the whole world. " Tess hit the nail on the head and exposed Alec's hypocrisy in converting to religion. Alec's behavior itself also shows the author's suspicion of religious power. After that, Alec pestered and threatened Tess in every way. He called her a stupid wife, lied to Tess that her husband would never come back, and threatened, "Remember, my wife, you have never escaped from me before, and you still can't escape from me this time. As long as you are a wife, you have to be my wife. " However, Tess would rather stay. ......

What should I understand after reading Tess? Not just to make us understand Tess's tragic experience, right?

About movies: the pain of modern people. If Polanski's Tess is a classic, I'm afraid no one will doubt it. This film is adapted from Thomas Hardy's novel Tess. In this novel, the experience of a woman who pursues love is described vividly and sadly, which is one of the world-famous masterpieces. Secondly, it was the famous roman polanski who dared to put this magnificent masterpiece on the screen. He showed the rural life in the industrialized period of Britain with calm scheduling and atmospheric imaging skills. Dance, harvest, labor, country bars and primitive railways all show extraordinary image beauty, full of Polanski's helplessness to fate. Besides, one reason that can't be ignored is that nastassja kinski, who plays Tess in the film, is a natural and ingenious performance. Therefore, this film is a collection of wonderful original works, talented directors, excellent actors and many other outstanding elements in one. Once released, it surprised critics and fans and won many international awards. The film Tess is not so much "the pain of modern people" as "the elegy of modern people", which is the elegy of modern people to the ancient people-their descendants to their hereditary aristocratic families. The Victorian era reflected in Tess is the most developed era of British capitalism. Rural land and pasture are all concentrated in the hands of a few agricultural capitalists such as Master Alec and Master Crick in Tess. The polarization between the rich and the poor in rural areas makes farmers extremely poor and becomes the hired labor of capital; The British countryside has completely completed capitalism. In the film, Polanski shows the social changes in which the steam engine permeates the towns extensively, shows the round-the-clock threshing of capitalist farms and the train transportation between cities during the wheat harvest season, and intuitively presents the social, political and economic background of the protagonist's life and activities. The film abandons the absurdity and mystery of the novel, but it is quite romantic and beautiful in image, but it is basically faithful to the original novel in content and narrative, and still unfolds Tess's tragic fate from the love relationship. Two men related to Tess, Alec and Angel, the former is the "devil of capital" and the latter is a weak intellectual and visionary. Alec believes in the infinite power of capital. The first thing he said when he met Tess was, "Beauty comes at a price." This sentence contains a double meaning: he firmly believes that in the era when capital is omnipotent, Tess's beauty can of course be bought through money; But for a beautiful country girl like Tess, since God has endowed her with beauty and made her poor, she must be willing to sell her beauty for money. This double meaning comes from the "omnipotence" of the essence of capital, which is the inevitable logic in the eyes of capital. However, Angel is afraid to face the reality because he pursues the purity of the world-the reality of a "destroyed planet" ruled and polluted by capital, including Tess and himself. Although he loved Tess and married her, he abandoned her easily and let her go. The reason why he left her exposed his profound prejudice against the actual inequality between men and women in the capital age. However, Tess fearlessly despised the fact that capital ruled everything. Her resistance is beautiful and noble; However, her personal resistance was weak, but the result was doomed to be tragic. About the director: The Master of Evil is familiar with roman polanski's experience. People who have read Polanski's biography can easily come to a conclusion that he is an out-and-out old rascal. Whether it is cold, gloomy, depressed, pessimistic and obscure that pervades his works forever, or life experiences like suspense dramas in movies, it is not an exaggeration to call him "the master of evil". Polanski is an unfortunate man. He spent his childhood in a Nazi concentration camp, his mother died in a gas chamber, and he lived a wandering life in his childhood. In the prime of life, his pregnant wife was murdered by a cult organization, which made him experience the most painful moment in his life. In the mid-1970s, he was exiled to Europe in the United States because he was accused of being a minor girl. The actual disaster is always more painful than the image. Polanski is also a successful man. Nominated for the Golden Lion Award at the age of 29. Since then, his works have won all the important awards in world-famous film festivals. Before Tess, films such as Rosemary's Baby and Chinatown have attracted the attention of the international film industry, and Tess also won him a great reputation and became an internationally renowned director. Finally, in 2002, Polanski's unique evil atmosphere seemed to make him great. ......

What caused Tess's tragedy? What is the significance of its social criticism?

Tess (Thomas Hardy's novel) generally refers to Tess of the D 'Urbervilles (Thomas Hardy's novel).

Tess of the D 'Urbervilles is a novel by Thomas Hardy, a British writer, and one of the novels in the Wessex series. It describes the tragic fate of a rural girl. Hardy called the heroine "a pure woman" in the subtitle of the novel, which openly challenged the hypocritical social morality of Victorian era.

The novel tells the story of the heroine Tess, who was born in a poor vendor family. Her parents asked her to visit relatives at the home of a rich old woman. As a result, she married the priest's son Claire. On her wedding night, she confessed her past misfortune to her husband, but she was not forgiven. They separated and her husband went to Brazil. A few years later, Tess met Alec again, who pestered her. At this time, because of her poor family, she had to live with her enemy. Claire came back from abroad soon and regretted her wife's past ruthlessness. In this case, Tess felt painfully that Alec d 'Urberville made her lose Angel for the second time and killed him angrily. At last she was arrested and hanged. [ 1]

In short, what caused the tragedy of the heroine Tess in Tess of the D 'Urbervilles?

First of all, society and family created Tess's tragedy.

Tess's tragedy is caused by society and family. The poverty of family and the incompetence of parents doomed Tess's tragic fate, which is the indirect cause of Tess's tragedy. When her parents learned that their family was of "noble blood" and a rich relative lived nearby, they asked Tess to visit her relatives, hoping that he would marry a gentleman. To satisfy their vanity. In this way, she succumbed to her parents' orders, went to visit relatives in the rich peasants' D 'Urbervilles and worked in a chicken farm, so Alec, the representative of the emerging bourgeoisie in Victorian England, was born into a rich family, a famous dude, and * * *. Always looking for opportunities to get close to her, innocent and kind Tess is faced with the material temptation provided by Alec, a good job opportunity and her special responsibilities. Tess didn't leave immediately when Alec was found to be very dangerous. As a result, she fell into Alec's trap. Be raped. "Since then, an unfathomable social gap has separated our heroine's character and personality from the girl who left her mother's door to try her luck in Chuante." Alec cruelly pushed Tess to the path of tragedy.

Out of self-esteem and hope for a better future, Tess did not marry Alec like other women, but left him decisively. This behavior seriously violated the secular prejudice at that time. People in the village laughed at her stupidity, considered her immoral and regarded her as a guilty person. When her parents found out that they didn't get anything from Tess, they felt humiliated and blamed her. Tess felt afraid and cold for the first time. Children born out of wedlock. It seriously violated the secular prejudice at that time, and the child died unfortunately, which made her suffer a huge blow again. After the child died. The priest refused to hold a Christian funeral for the child simply because he was an illegitimate child and was not accepted by the world. She understood the power of social prejudice.

Second, Angie, Claire brought her to the brink of life.

Tess's tragic life began after her misfortune at the d 'Urbervilles. She wanted to fly away, but after getting into trouble, she met the right person, Angie. They fell in love at first sight, and Tess tried to refuse, but none of them succeeded. They love each other to the point of talking about marriage. Tess is helpless. I wrote a confession letter to Angel with guilt before marriage, hoping to get Angel's forgiveness. Unfortunately, the letter was stuffed under the carpet.

Angie reads widely. Believe in science and doubt Christianity. He despises the difference of rank and wealth and advocates natural life and character. His ideal is to run his own farm in the future. He was deeply attracted by Tess's innocence and simplicity. In his eyes, Tess is the embodiment of beauty. At first Tess was miserable when she refused, but she always waited patiently. His love for Tess is firm. With Angela's unremitting pursuit, Tess went through a painful and fierce ideological struggle. Finally agreed to marry him. But when Tess told him about her past, Angie fell into deep pain. He was sad and desperate and suffered severe mental torture. In desperation, he chose to escape, and he could not forgive her. Angela's departure hurt Tess mercilessly. This makes Tess's tragedy even more tragic, and the pain he brought to Tess is fatal.

Thirdly, Tess's own character determines the tragedy of her fate.

Tess was destined to be a victim of this society from the beginning. She is too kind and pitiful. She can't change all this. The beauty of her appearance is not commensurate with the poverty and low status of her family, so she is doomed to a tragic and unfortunate ending.

Her selflessness and self-sacrifice gave evil forces an opportunity. After the death of the old horse, hardworking Tess came to the chicken farm, laying a hidden danger for being lured by Alec. Her purity. Her defenseless heart put her in danger. Out of kindness, loyalty and love, on their wedding night, Tess ignored her mother's advice and told Angie about her past "crimes" and asked Angie to forgive her, which also showed her innocence. To haunt Alec again. When her family was desperate, although she had little hope of waiting for forgiveness, she finally chose to give in under the impetus of her kind nature and sacrifice spirit. She is very rebellious. For the sake of true love and loyalty to Angie, he killed Alec, and Alec ruined her and disgusted her.

It stands to reason that Tess is an unfortunate victim and deserves sympathy and forgiveness from society and people. However. Under the influence of men's secular moral prejudice, connivance makes innocent victims suffer blame and torture. Alec's abuse of her plunged Tess into the abyss of misfortune, while Angela's moral prejudice and ruthlessness tortured Tess's spirit. he ......

Tess of the D 'Urbervilles: In short, it is an analysis of Tess's character.

Tess is a beautiful country girl, pure and kind, flexible, with a clear distinction between good and evil. Because of his poor family background, he worked for the noble D 'Urbervilles with the same surname. As a result, she married Alec D 'Urberville, the son of her master's family, and gave birth to an illegitimate child. Tess was despised because of this "sin". Under great pressure and the death of a child, Tess left home to work in a dairy and met the pastor's daughter-in-law, Angel Claire. The two fell in love and got married. But on their wedding night, Tess confessed her past to him, and Angel abandoned her and went to Brazil alone. Despair and humiliation, Tess waited for the angel to come back, but she became Alec's mistress. Just then, Angel came to Tess with regret and wanted to be with her again. Then Tess killed Alec. On their way to escape, Tess was caught by the police and sentenced to death. After the publication of Tess, Tess was called the purest person. It had a great influence on society at that time.

Tess's character: innocence, kindness and helpless violence.

Tess is a brand-new typical woman created by Hardy. She has a dual personality. On the one hand, she dares to resist traditional morality and hypocritical religion; On the other hand, we can't completely get rid of the fetters of traditional morality. Especially the latter is directly related to her tragic fate.

Because Tess was born in a peasant family, some old moral values and fatalism views left over from the peasants made her weak resistance to traditional morality. While being persecuted by secular public opinion and traditional morality, she examines herself with this moral standard and thinks she is guilty. "She sees herself as the embodiment of evil", "She always feels that people all over the world are concerned about her situation and dare not see anyone", and she can't forget her shame more than others. This is how Tess binds herself with the moral net she weaves. In fact, her self-restraint consciousness has its profound historical foundation and is the concrete expression of the whole social consciousness. As an individual in a specific historical period, Tess is bound to form social consciousness and moral concept in a specific historical period, and her thoughts and behaviors are bound to be restricted by the times and social consciousness.

What caused Tess's death in the D 'Urbervilles?

Claire came back from abroad and regretted her wife's past ruthlessness. In this case, Tess felt painfully that Alec d 'Urberville made her lose Angel for the second time and killed him angrily. At last she was arrested and hanged.