Discover the submerged masterpiece of poetry-don't leave any residue when you reach the cup.

According to my personal opinion, this song "Xijiang Moon" has been misread and misunderstood a lot.

Huang Tingjian has always been one of my favorite poets when I was young. When I was a teenager, I first read his words, "If anyone knows where Spring went, call him back and live with him." I often wonder what kind of romantic feelings I need to write such a sentence. His life must be full of poetry and romance. Then, after learning about his life, I found that he would not live for a few days, and more was sadness and hardship.

Today, Huang Tingjian's popularity is naturally not as good as Su Shi's. A few days ago, the scene of Su Shi and Huang Tingjian sculptures standing side by side in the tide was forwarded by many netizens. Many people asked, Who is Huang Tingjian?

Huang Tingjian is a veritable genius. Not every great genius can be called a genius. The standard of genius is that he reads widely, has studied before the age of ten, and knows chapters and poems. At this point, Huang Tingjian is very successful.

When he was six years old, his uncle Li often went to his house. When he saw Huang Tingjian reading a profound book, he felt that the child was too fond of swinging his fork. Who wants to enter the school, Huang Tingjian is quick to answer irrelevant questions. My uncle never gave up, and conveniently dug out the basic difficult ancient books on the shelf. I don't want Huang Tingjian to answer questions, but I can recite the original text to ask questions. In this case, my uncle Chang Li was completely convinced, boasting that he had a magical nephew everywhere, which is definitely a thousand miles away.

If you think that reciting is just a natural memory, take a look at Huang Tingjian's amazing works as a child. At the age of seven, he wrote the poem "The Shepherd Boy" on the theme of "The Shepherd Boy": "Riding an ox far beyond Qiancun, playing the flute and listening to the other shore, how many fame and fortune people in Chang 'an are tired by the authorities. "A seven-year-old child knows that Chang 'an, the capital of China, is a vanity fair, a place where everyone has racked their brains to calculate everything, and has also seen through these people and the world who seek fame and fortune. What a terrible child!

When I was eight years old, someone in the neighborhood went to Beijing to take the exam, and wrote a poem as a gift: "Wan Liyun rode the whip of his ancestors and sent you back to the jade steps. Ask old Huang Tingjian, who has been dead for eight years. " Is it like putting the Buddha in the eyes of the Buddha and seeing the shadow of the fallen fairy? How crazy this eight-year-old child is. He sent someone to Beijing to take the exam, but he didn't forget to remind others that you must remember me. I am a relegated immortal and have been down-to-earth for eight years.

These two poems spread all over Chang 'an in an instant, and Huang Tingjian became a prodigy with a well-known reputation. Fortunately, the tragedy of frequent examinations, which the great talents of the Tang Dynasty were not good at, was less likely to happen in the Song Dynasty. Huang Tingjian sang all the way in the examination room. At the age of 22, he ranked among the top three in high school as the top scholar and was awarded the county commandant. The following year, due to Song Shenzong's accession to the throne, he was called to take an examination of four Jingshi, and Huang Tingjian won the first place again, leaving imperial academy to teach. In the same year, I married Lanxi, the daughter of Sun Jue, a university student in Longtuge.

A young man was born into a noble family and had a successful career. He was born to be the top scholar. So much for the so-called splendor. Unfortunately, Mrs Lanxi died of illness in her twenties two years later. This made Huang Tingjian, who was only 25 years old, very sad and wrote many mourning words:

From then on, Huang Tingjian, who seldom drank before, began to drown his sorrows by drinking and binge drinking. After more than ten years, because of opposing Wang Anshi's political reform, he has always been a small official with low grade. Early death of his wife, unsatisfactory career, depression and alcoholism seem to be the only choice.

Until he met the poet Xie Jingchu, the old-timer was very fond of him and insisted on marrying his daughter Jiexiu. Huang Tingjian felt better under the persuasion of his second wife. Two years later, his second wife gave birth to a daughter Huang Mu. Huang Tingjian, a new father, is no longer addicted to binge drinking. He only drinks every day, and only drinks occasionally at literati gatherings. However, Huang Tingjian seems destined to be a lone star in Dreadwind in the first half of his life, and Mrs. Jiexiu has been under the door for several years, but he is also a fragile beacon.

Huang Tingjian instantly fell into the dark abyss again and even began to doubt his wife. He wrote epitaphs to his two wives, which made the readers cry-"Alas! For example, the beauty of Lanxi's daughter and the virtue of Jiexiu's wife are all family-oriented. If you want to cry with Chu words, you can't write. " And he himself, once again, began to binge drink, sad, worried and hurt himself. Under such torture, Huang Tingjian's health is naturally getting worse and worse.

After three years in Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong, 35-year-old Huang Tingjian was finally awarded the position of Taihe magistrate, became a landlord officer, and then was promoted to Dezhou prison city. However, due to his disagreement with Tingzhi Zhao, who later became Zaifu, he wrote many books and argued with him, which laid a curse for the rest of his life.

Under the strong persuasion of friends, Huang Tingjian, who is nearly forty years old, married another woman named Shi. The third lady finally gave birth to Huang Tingjian's son Huang Xiang. Huang Tingjian, who is only 40 years old, was in a good mood, but his deteriorating physical condition forced him to consider drinking. After making great determination, Huang Tingjian decided to give up drinking.

Although he was repeatedly demoted in the next 20 years, his career was more bumpy and he was extremely depressed, but he still insisted on abstinence. For a person who has been drinking for half a life and often binges, alcohol addiction and abstinence are almost equivalent to giving up drug addiction. However, Huang Tingjian actually did it.

In the first word of the article, Huang Tingjian wrote in the preface and postscript that he participated in an elegant collection of literati and everyone drank it. Because he gave up drinking and drinking, he sat awake alone, and the people at the party asked him to write a word as compensation. So I wrote this little word "Xijiang Moon".

The first two sentences, "Destroying a person's life is the only way to get rid of everything", respectively use the famous sentences of Han Yu in Tang Dynasty, "Destroying a person's life is the only way to get rid of alcohol" and "Nothing to get rid of alcohol" to form couplets, which not only express their feelings, but also emphasize their determination to give up drinking again, and even remove the word alcohol from the poem.

The next two sentences are "dip your eyes in the distant mountains, don't drink others and laugh at me." Continue to emphasize that you don't drink. The "distant mountain generation" comes from the legend of Zhao written in the Han Dynasty, which refers to the thin eyebrows unique to the two sisters, and is called the distant mountain generation. Li He has a poem: "A pair of pupils cut autumn water", and Su Shi also wrote "Beauty refuses to wink", which is a beauty's eye.

How can there be beautiful women at the banquet? As I wrote in my previous articles about Yan Shu, Yan and Su Shi, it is necessary for scholars to get together in the Song Dynasty. In addition to talent shows, these kabuki also have one of the biggest responsibilities, which is to persuade and drink. Therefore, Huang Tingjian, who doesn't drink, is an alien. No matter how these beautiful women persuade, they will naturally be laughed at by others.

Xia gan's first couplet "flowers are sick and idle, and spring worries have nowhere to hide." This is a self-deprecating sentence by Huang Tingjian to express his feelings. He is weak and sick, just like this withered flower, and deep spring worries can't be covered. This is both self-mockery and a portrayal of his life. Because when he wrote this word, Huang Tingjian was already in his fifties, and his life was only sixty years.

Tail couplet "The cup line does not leave any residue, and the moon does not incline people to disperse." The first sentence also uses the poem "Don't stop until you get there" written by Han Yu, and the word "disability" comes from Yu Xin's famous sentence in the Southern Dynasties, "Teenagers only have fun, but they will be disabled when drinking." I have read the analysis of many scholars and think that this poem proves that Huang Tingjian wants to let go and decided to break the precepts and continue drinking. I don't know if these scholars have been crushed. People explained in the inscription that it was a fine word for not drinking. How can you say that he has given up drinking?

As can be seen from Han Yu's original sentence, this is to persuade others to drink, which probably means that I am old, in poor health and sick, and drinking is terrible. You are in the prime of life, drink more. Don't pretend to make a toast every time, in fact, there is still wine in the cup. In today's words, fish farming is deceptive and bad.

The last sentence is the finishing touch. "It was easy to accept at that time, but it is a bit difficult to understand in today's language habits." .

This is a song that was asked for lyrics compensation because he didn't drink, which is slightly punitive. Therefore, Huang Tingjian hurriedly used the famous sentences of Han Yu and others and laughed at himself repeatedly. At the same time, he advised everyone that I am too old and in poor health to drink, so you should drink more while you are young. I am very surprised at Lao Wen, why such an obvious game on the wine table has been misinterpreted by many other meanings, and even falsely accused Huang Tingjian of opening the ring and repeating the same mistakes. What a surprise!

Fifteen years after Huang Tingjian vowed to give up drinking, he wrote an article "Drunkenness" at the same time as writing this poem "Xijiang Moon". In the inscription, he wrote: "I have given up drinking for fifteen years, and I am afraid of being attacked by dysentery in Rongzhou, so I raise my glass in the morning." Those who don't observe each other will be strong, so I can get sick because I quit drinking. "

Obviously, he has been sober 15 years. Because he is in Rongzhou, he has a lot of gas and wine can detoxify, so he drinks a glass of wine every morning as medicine. Someone saw it and thought that he had started drinking again, so he must be invited to drink, but he was afraid that he would get sick if he drank again, so he decided to give up drinking again, that is to say, he didn't even drink a glass of wine as medicine in the morning. If he had given up drinking at the party, how could he write such a thing as slapping himself?

This is Huang Tingjian who is half satisfied and half disappointed. After he swore to give up drinking, even at the banquet, his friends mocked him and insisted on not drinking. A person's moral integrity can also be seen from this.

~ ~ ~ All the pictures in this article are from the Internet ~ ~ ~