What is the impact of credit policy on real estate?

Regional difference is to explore the similarities and differences of economy, society and culture in different regions from a regional perspective. The real estate industry is an industry with strong regional characteristics. There are great regional differences in both land supply and effective housing demand. The following is what I arranged for you. I hope you like it.

1. In the past, anyone could borrow money without any restrictions. Not everyone can get a loan now, and even fewer people are qualified to buy a house.

2. In the past, the interest rate was 30% off, but now it is not favorable, or even rises. Unless you have some assets or good credit information, you have to pay more interest even if you borrow money. The cost of buying a house is much higher than before, and the monthly payment is also much higher.

3. Without real estate development loans, the developer's capital chain is tight, and the financial cost of financing is much higher. * * * Large developers 10-20% high, small developers 30-50% * *. If the developer's capital turnover is a little slow and the house can't be sold, it will lead to a collapse. Ordos is typical. Now many developers can't get loans from banks.

4.* * * has suffered heavy losses in land finance and is heavily in debt, so many places * * * are eager to adjust their policies, such as * * * housing market.

If you are a property buyer, the biggest impact of the current credit policy on you is that your approval is more difficult, the approval time is longer, and the requirements for your approval are higher. After the approval, you pay more monthly, the loan term is generally 20 years, and the down payment is generally 30%. The days of 20% down payment and 30-year loan are over. Therefore, please keep a good credit record of your bank.

Preventive policy of credit policy

Examining the relevant qualifications of the borrower is the premise of signing a loan contract and the necessary procedure for lending behavior. The significance of the review is to evaluate the loan risk, which will determine the success of the loan transaction.

I. Review risks

The emergence of loan risk often begins at the stage of loan review. Based on the disputes in judicial practice, we can see that the risks in the loan review stage mainly appear in the following links.

* * * A * * review omitted the loan reviewer of the bank, which led to credit risk. Loan review is a meticulous work, which requires investigators to systematically investigate and inspect the qualifications, qualifications, credit and property status of loan subjects. In fact, some enterprises

* * * II * * * No due diligence In practice, loan examiners often only pay attention to the identification of files, lacking due diligence, which makes loan fraud difficult to identify and causes credit risk.

* * * Three * * misjudgments

Banks did not listen to experts' opinions on relevant contents, or made professional judgments by professionals. In the process of loan review, we should not only find out the facts, but also make professional judgments on relevant facts from legal and financial aspects. In fact, most of them

Second, the legal content of the pre-loan investigation

* * * I * * Review the legal status of the borrower, including its legal establishment and continuous and effective existence. If it is an enterprise, it shall examine whether the borrower is established according to law, whether it has the qualifications and qualifications to engage in relevant business, and examine the business license and qualification certificate, and pay attention to whether the relevant certificate has passed the annual inspection or relevant verification.

* * * II * * Regarding the credit standing of the borrower, check whether the registered capital of the borrower matches the loan; Examine whether there is a clear situation in registered capital flight; Past loans and repayments; And whether the borrower's product quality, environmental protection, tax payment and other illegal conditions may affect the repayment.

* * * III * * Regarding the borrower's loan conditions, whether the borrower has opened basic deposit account and general deposit accounts in accordance with relevant laws and regulations; If the borrower is a company, whether its foreign investment exceeds 50% of its net assets; Whether the borrower's debt ratio meets the requirements of the lender;

* * * IV * * Regarding the guarantee, if it is a guarantee, the qualification, reputation and performance ability of the guarantor shall be investigated.

Third, the borrower and its responsible person should also be specially examined. In order to reduce the moral hazard of the lender, the borrower and its responsible person should also be specially examined. When granting loans, financial institutions should not only examine the qualifications, conditions and operating conditions of borrowers, but also strengthen the examination and control of the personal qualities of investors, legal representatives of enterprises and key management personnel, including:

* * * A * * gambling, * * *, whoring, keeping mistresses for the chairman, general manager, factory director, manager and other key personnel, going in and out of dance halls and saunas, lavishing weddings and funerals, buying high-end cars disproportionate to their economic strength, renting high-end hotels, etc. , must be strictly controlled.

* * * 2 * * * Loans to family groups or companies must be strictly controlled. The so-called family group or company refers to an enterprise in which the main leaders of the group and its subsidiaries or rival companies and the main leadership positions within the enterprise are all or mainly held by blood-related personnel and their families and relatives.

* * * III * * If the legal representative holds a foreign passport or has permanent residency in a foreign country, and his enterprise or company has branches abroad, he should strictly control the loans of enterprises whose main family members have settled or set up companies abroad, and pay close attention to the financial transactions of his legal representative with enterprises abroad. Especially for the transfer of funds abroad or the use of funds is unknown, it is necessary to strictly review, supervise and stop them in time.

* * * four * * before the loan, should investigate the situation of the legal representative. Loans to affiliated enterprises where one person concurrently serves as the legal representative of several enterprises must be strictly controlled.

* * * 5 * * When examining the loan, it must be based on the borrower's qualifications, conditions, operating conditions, repayment ability and the quality of the main person in charge of the enterprise, and the borrower's political status, such as "model worker", "advanced element", "overseas Chinese", "NPC representative" and "CPPCC member", shall not be used to lower the loan conditions or issue and manage the loan according to regulations.

* * * Six * * * The loan relationship only occurs between the parties. For loans that are greeted, written or used by leaders, relatives, friends, classmates and comrades-in-arms, the review of loan conditions shall not be relaxed. Do not meet the loan conditions, no loans.

* * * VII * * When issuing secured loans, the relationship between the borrower and the guarantor should be carefully investigated. The borrower and the guarantor belong to the same group company, and the loan should be strictly examined. The guarantee provided by the branch of a non-independent legal person is invalid.

Fourth, the loan review recommendations

Carefully examine each loan, and do not base the risk judgment of the loan on past examination or credit. Just because the borrower repaid the principal and interest on time in the past, the review or investigation procedures should not be relaxed.

Establish a fixed-term appointment system for the legal representative of the borrower and its main management personnel. The appointment period can be determined according to the size of the loan amount and the changes in the production and operation of the borrower. If the loan amount is large, the appointment period should be shortened accordingly.

Credit officials * * * Credit officials, members of the credit review team and members of the credit review committee * * * shall not have improper private contact with borrowers in lending activities.

Credit officers and their immediate family members shall not accept the borrower's cash, precious gifts, shopping vouchers, etc. ; Shall not participate in recreational activities paid by the borrower; No expenses shall be repaid to the borrower.

For loans with large loan amount and long term, or loans used by borrowers for specific purposes, lawyers, accountants and other professionals should be hired to make professional judgments and provide expert opinions on related matters.

Policy relationship of credit policy

Credit policy and monetary policy complement each other and promote each other. There are differences and connections between the two. It is generally believed that monetary policy mainly focuses on aggregate regulation. By using interest rates, exchange rates, open market operations and other tools, we can adjust the money supply and the total amount of credit with the help of the market platform, and promote the overall balance of social supply and demand, thus maintaining the stability of money. The credit policy mainly focuses on solving the problem of economic structure, and promotes the adjustment of industrial structure and the coordinated development of regional economy by guiding credit investment and adjusting credit structure. From the perspective of control means, monetary policy control tools are more market-oriented; The effective implementation of credit policy depends not only on economic and legal means, but also on administrative means and regulatory measures when necessary. Under the current financing pattern in which indirect financing accounts for an absolute proportion in China, the structural allocation and utilization efficiency of credit funds largely determine the allocation structure and implementation efficiency of funds in the whole society. The implementation effect of credit policy greatly affects the effectiveness of monetary policy. The effective implementation of credit policy plays a positive role in unblocking the transmission channels of monetary policy, developing and perfecting the credit market and improving the effect of monetary policy.