What is the law of perceptual deviation?

Once upon a time, a prison commander escorted a criminal monk to serve in the frontier. The captain is a little confused and has a bad memory, so every morning before he goes on the road, he has to count all the important things. He felt the baggage first and told himself, "The baggage is here." He touched the official documents of the monk and told himself, "The documents are here." Then he went over and felt the monk's bald head and the rope tied to him, and said, "The monk is here." Finally, I touched my head and said, "I was there, too."

Li Chang and the monk have been walking on the road for several days, and they count it like this every morning. One day, the cunning monk thought of a good way to escape.

in the evening, they stayed in an inn. At dinner, the monk tried to persuade Li Chang to get drunk and fell asleep in bed. The monk went to find a razor, shaved off the long hair in the room, untied himself and tied it to the long hair in the room, and ran away.

The next morning, the warden woke up and began to make a routine inventory. He felt the baggage: "The baggage is here." Touch the document again: "The document is here." "Monk ... hey, where's the monk?" The warden was shocked, but he suddenly saw his bald head in the mirror and felt the rope tied to his body, so he was happy: "Oh, the monk is still there." But suddenly I panicked again: "So, what about me? Where have I been? "

This is a joke, which is used to mean that people sometimes can't have a clear understanding of themselves. Who am I, where am I from, and where am I going? These questions began in ancient Greece, and people began to ask themselves. However, up to now, people have not come to a satisfactory answer.

Just like Su Dongpo's famous poem: "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only in this mountain." People often know themselves the same way. Clearly standing in this mountain, but just don't know its true colors. Obviously, you have your own "self", but you can't since the enlightenment, or you just have a vague understanding.

knowing yourself is called self-perception in psychology. It is very important to know yourself, as Laozi said, "The confidant is strong." The more a person knows about himself, the more powerful he is, because he knows how to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and how to give full play to his potential.

However, it is very difficult for a person to really know himself. In daily life, it is impossible for people to reflect on themselves all the time, and it is impossible to always observe themselves as outsiders. Because of this, talents need to know themselves with the help of external information. Because of the complexity and variety of the external world, individuals are easily hinted by external information when they know themselves, but they can't know themselves correctly.

Therefore, a common mistake people make is that it is easy to believe that a general and general personality description is especially suitable for him. Even if this description is very empty, he still thinks it reflects his personality. There was a psychologist who used a general sentence that was applicable to almost anyone to let college students judge whether it was suitable for them. As a result, most college students thought that this sentence summarized themselves very accurately. Let's see if this passage is suitable for us.

"You really need others to like and respect you. You tend to be self-critical. You have many abilities that can be your strengths, but you also have some shortcomings, but you can usually overcome them. You have some difficulties in communicating with the opposite sex. Although you look calm on the outside, you are actually anxious inside. You sometimes doubt whether the decision you have made or what you have done is correct. You like some changes in your life and hate being restricted. You are proud that you can think independently, and you won't accept other people's suggestions without sufficient evidence. You think it unwise to show yourself too openly in front of others. Sometimes you are outgoing, kind and sociable, and sometimes you are introverted, cautious and silent. Some of your ambitions are often unrealistic. "

This is actually a hat that fits anyone, and too many people like to wear this hat on their heads. This is the cognitive deviation.

However, this misconception about yourself is very common in life. Take fortune telling as an example. It can be said that many people think that what fortune tellers say is "very accurate" after consulting them. In fact, those who turn to fortune tellers themselves are easily suggestible. When people are depressed and frustrated, they lose control of their lives, so their sense of security is also affected.

An insecure person's psychological dependence is also greatly enhanced, and the suggestibility is stronger than usual. In addition, fortune tellers are good at trying to figure out people's inner feelings and can understand the feelings of help seekers a little, and help seekers will immediately feel a kind of spiritual comfort. The fortune teller's next remark, which is generally innocuous, will convince the helper.

So, how should we really know ourselves?

this requires us to reflect on ourselves often and carefully, regardless of the external environment. Ceng Zi said: "I save myself three times a day." It is by regular self-reflection and thinking that we can understand our own nature and its changes. It's not impossible to listen to other people's opinions. It's just that sometimes the outsider can see clearly and the authorities are fascinated. But after listening to other people's opinions, you must make your own analysis, that is to say, you can never give your brain to others, and always keep your own clear and independent mind.