There are bronzes, ancient jade and ancient coins, which need to be identified.

Identification method of bronze cultural relics

When it comes to bronzes, people will probably think of China cultural relics such as Simu Wuding. But in fact, bronzes have appeared all over the world. According to historical records, the earliest bronzes appeared in the Babylonian Valley in Cuba 6000 years ago, which is a symbol of world civilization. Large bronze knives carved with lion images in Sumerian civilization are the representatives of early bronzes. More than 2000 years ago, bronzes were gradually replaced by iron. So what are the methods to identify the authenticity of bronze antiques?

1. Bronzes Rusted bronzes have been circulated for thousands of years. So far, there are roughly three ways: burying, falling into the water, and passing on from generation to generation. The expert said: "Bronzes are as green as melon skin and as jade when they enter the water for a thousand years;" In less than a thousand years, although it is green, it is not as good as jade; The handed down bronzes that have not been buried in water are purple-brown, but they have vermilion spots, and even their spots are raised. "Generally speaking, most of the unearthed bronzes have been handed down to this day. Due to the different copper soil and water quality in different places, the rust color of buried bronzes is not the same, such as blue rust, red rust, blue rust and purple embroidery. To get a bronze ware, you must first look at it. If the rust color is integrated with the body, the depth is consistent, solid, uniform, smooth and natural, it is a naturally generated rust color. If the rust color floats on the utensils, it is green but not bright, and the skin is rusty and not moist and dazzling, which is pseudo-rust; At this time, we will do further examination and approval, rub our hands and touch the utensils, smell our hands with our noses, and there will be a copper smell, because there is no copper smell in ancient bronzes of the Millennium; You can also wash the bronzes with hot alkaline water, and the fake rust will fall off. If you can't wash it off, use fire. Or lick bronzes with your tongue. If it is salty, it is also fake rust.

2. The feel and sound of bronzes When you weigh bronzes by hand, if they are too light or too heavy, you will pay attention. Of course, it all depends on experience. In addition, you can tap the bronze objects with your hands and listen to their sounds, if they are thin and crisp; If the voice is turbid and makes a "buzzing" sound, you need to be vigilant.

3. Patterns and patterns of bronzes This is a key point in identifying bronzes. The patterns of Xia bronzes are simple; Bronzes in Shang Dynasty are ornate and complicated, and most of them are covered with flowers. The bronzes of the Western Zhou Dynasty are roughly the same as those of the Shang Dynasty, but they tend to be simple in the later period. Bronzes in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are fresh and lively, full of life breath, while Qin and Han bronzes are practical, with few patterns and not as fine as previous bronzes. In addition, we can also infer and judge from the changes of bronze decorative patterns in different times. As for and, it can be distinguished mainly from its font. Bronzes in Shang dynasty have regular fonts, rich and generous strokes, beautiful and free and easy, and there are many elegant and beautiful waves in the later period; At the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, bronze inscriptions followed the wave body; During the Spring and Autumn Period, bronze calligraphy styles were fat and thin, as well as tadpole-shaped "Li Douwen" and patterned "Bird and Insect Book". The inscriptions on bronze inscriptions in the Warring States period are not exquisite, but they also have the embryonic form of "hanging seal", with long vertical pen and sharp pen tip. The Qin dynasty unified the characters, using the universal seal script. Mastering this, it would be a joke if there was a small seal font on a bronze ware called Three Dynasties. In addition, the identification of bronze antiques can also be judged according to the number and content of inscriptions.

It is easy to distinguish bronze from bronze. Look at the bronze is the bottom. If it's brass, it's fake. If the soles of your feet have been counterfeited with copper color, you can see their true colors by scrubbing them with hot alkaline water. In addition to remembering the types and names of bronzes, we should also know when bronzes were cast and what style bronzes were cast. For example, the altar is a square container that appears at the end of the country. If it is made by three generations and rusts, it is a fake. Another example is the tripod, which has existed throughout the ages, but if it has a cover and the tripod is short, it is unlikely to be an article of three generations.

Content source: National Culture and Art Network (Appreciating Knowledge)