What are the common argumentation methods?

There are many ways to demonstrate, and the common ones are as follows: 1. Illustration: It is to prove the argument by enumerating conclusive, typical, sufficient or novel examples. This is the most basic and commonly used argument method, and its advantage lies in its strong persuasiveness and easy acceptance by readers. 2. Citation and argumentation: Cite famous sayings as arguments, cite classics to analyze problems and explain reasoning methods. This method can enrich the content of the discussion, strengthen the connotation of the discussion, fully prove the point of view, enhance the persuasiveness, and at the same time show the author's cultivation and accumulation, so that the argument is authoritative and persuasive. 3. Comparative argument: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the arguments in comparison. The role of proportion in revealing the differences between things is to enhance the salience of the argument and leave a deep impression on people. 4. Analogy demonstration: it is a method to compare different things with the same or similar properties and characteristics in some aspects, and infer that they may be similar in other characteristics according to the similarity in some characteristics, so as to draw a conclusion. Metaphor focuses on expressing the * * * relationship between things. 5. Metaphorical argument: It is an argument method that uses concrete, vivid and vivid things as metaphors to prove more abstract truth. Is to extrapolate. Its function is to make the truth easier to understand, to make people easy to accept, and to make the discussion lively and infectious. 6. Inductive argument: it is an argument method from individual to general. It draws a general conclusion through many individual examples or arguments, and then summarizes their characteristics. 7. Deductive argument: it is a kind of argument method from general to individual. It deduces conclusions about individual situations from general principles, and the relationship between its premise and conclusions is necessary. 8. Reduce to absurdity: use the rebuttal method of "attacking the shield with a spear". Assume that the other party's argument is correct first, and then draw an absurd conclusion, thus proving the fallacy of the other party's argument. Reduction to absurdity is also called reduction to absurdity.