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What are Cheshire cat's grin and Schrodinger's cat saying?
This is a famous thought experiment, which consists of music of the same name and many related jokes, and it is also mentioned in The Big Bang Theory. In the communication between Einstein and Schrodinger, Einstein mentioned that given an unstable powder cartridge, after a period of time, the powder cartridge will be in a superposition state of explosion and non-explosion. Inspired by it, Schrodinger replied as follows: the experimenter can even set up quite absurd cases. Keep a cat in a closed iron box and install the following instruments (note that this instrument must not be directly interfered by the cat): A Geiger counter is filled with a very small amount of radioactive material, and the probability that at least one atom of this radioactive material decays within one hour is 50%, and the probability that no atom decays is 50%; If a decay event occurs, the Geiger tube will discharge and start the hammer through the relay to break the flask containing hydrogen cyanide. An hour later, if there is no decay, the cat is still alive; Otherwise, the cat is dead. The wave function of the whole system will behave as a live cat and a dead cat. In many typical cases like this, the fuzziness originally confined to the atomic field has shifted to the macroscopic fuzziness, which can only be eliminated by direct observation. This makes it difficult for us to naively accept this general model to represent entities correctly. As far as it is concerned, it does not contain any ambiguous or contradictory meaning. However, a shaky or out-of-focus photo is quite different from a snapshot of a cloud layer. -Erwin Schr?dinger, is he dead? 0? 1 der The terrible thing about this experiment is that it enlarges the quantum effect to our scale. . . This gives people an idealistic association, "When you didn't see this flower, it died with your heart. When you look at this flower, you will know that the color of this flower is not outside your heart. " In his comments on physical and mental problems, Wei Gena mentioned a fictional friend. While Schrodinger's cat was silently waiting for fate in the box, his friend wore a gas mask and stayed in the box to observe the cat. Wigner himself retreated outside the room, not to observe what was happening in the box. Now, for Wigner, he knows nothing about the situation in the room. Can he assume that the box is in a mixed state (a happy friend of a live cat) and a sad friend of a dead cat? However, he asked the friend afterwards, and the latter would definitely deny this superposition. Wigner concluded that when a friend's consciousness is contained in the whole system, the superposition state is not applicable. Even if he is outside the door, the wave function in the box is constantly touched by his friend's observation, so there are only two pure States: live cat or dead cat. As for Cheshire cat, it is really reminiscent of the quantum soldier mentioned by Liu in Three-body.
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