What is the best way to learn Cantonese?

Listen more, speak more, and master the corresponding rules between Cantonese and Mandarin.

1. Listen more:?

1. Listen to audio tutorials on Cantonese learning online;?

2. Cantonese learning is available in bookstores and some video stores Related supporting CDs (or tapes), buy a set and listen to it every day. If you have MP3, MP4, or your mobile phone supports the function of playing MP3 audio, then you can copy these MP3 audio tutorials to your player. Thus, you can learn Cantonese anytime and anywhere;

3. When visiting the market or store, pay attention to the conversations of people around you, try to understand them, and create an authentic Cantonese environment for yourself at all times. ? 2. Speak more: ?

Just like learning a foreign language, start with daily conversations and learn three sentences every day (no need to be more, use the loop learning method, that is, learn three new sentences every day, learn new sentences) Before speaking, review the three sentences from yesterday and the day before yesterday), use them after you have learned them, and speak them out boldly. Don't be afraid of being laughed at. Being laughed at is not necessarily a bad thing. At this time, you can just ask people what you said wrong so that you can correct it immediately. ?

3. Master the corresponding rules between Cantonese and Mandarin:

Cantonese and Mandarin are both Chinese, and their initial consonants, finals, and tones have certain corresponding rules. Master the rules between the two. According to the corresponding rules of time, learning will get twice the result with half the effort. Generally speaking, Cantonese has more tones, rhymes, and tones than Mandarin, that is, words with the same initial consonant in Mandarin.

In Cantonese, it may be divided into two or three initial consonants. For example, a word with the initial consonant ?k? in Mandarin is divided into ?k, f, h in Cantonese. For example, the initial consonant of "dependence, loss" is ?k, the initial consonant of "ku,kuo" is ?f, and the initial consonant of "empty, Kang" is h. The same is true for vowels and tones. Cantonese has 9 tones. You should pay attention to which two tones in Cantonese a certain tone in Mandarin is equal to.

The origin of Cantonese

The origins of Cantonese are said to originate from Ya language in the northern Central Plains and Chu language from Chu State. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties, people from the Central Plains migrated continuously to Lingnan, which promoted the development and shaping of Cantonese. Since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Cantonese has undergone relatively minor changes.

However, linguist Mr. Li Xinkui believes that "the earliest source of Cantonese should be the result of the Chu people migrating south and the Chu language coming south." The phonetic appearance of Cantonese today shows that it is completely different from the Chinese language of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. *The phenomenon of very close homophones (Li Xinkui, "Guangdong Dialects").

The "Guangzhou Yin Shuo" written by Chen Li, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, discusses the characteristics and origin of the Guangzhou dialect. Chen Li believes that the tone of the Guangzhou dialect is consistent with the Sui and Tang rhymes "Qie Yun" because "more than a thousand years of People who came to the Central Plains moved to Guangzhou, and today’s Guangyin is actually the sound of the Central Plains in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.”

Mr. Nan Huaijin, a master of Chinese studies, believes that Cantonese is the Mandarin language of the Tang Dynasty. The first official and authoritative book of pronunciation and rhyme in Chinese history, "Guangyun" (full name "Revisiting Guangyun in the Song Dynasty"), the pronunciation of the words marked in it is highly consistent with today's Cantonese. Cantonese is a southern dialect that retains more elements of Medieval Chinese. Its most prominent feature is that it relatively completely retains the ubiquitous entering tone in Medieval Chinese. ?

Yayan was originally the official language of the Zhou Dynasty, and Confucianism has used Yayan as its carrier since its birth. Confucius used elegant dialects to teach, and emphasized that "poems, books, and rituals" should all be done in elegant dialects. After the Qin Dynasty unified Lingnan, 500,000 people moved from the Central Plains. The elegant dialects brought by the immigrants became the earliest source of Cantonese.

Historical and cultural scholars believe that in the more than 2,200 years since the Qin Dynasty pacified Lingnan, there have been at least six major immigration waves in local history. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pacified Lingnan and left occupying troops to garrison it. After the fall of the Western Han Dynasty and Wang Mang's usurpation of power and other political changes, five more groups of immigrants came to Lingnan. During the Han Dynasty, Confucianism spread in Lingnan, and Yayan gradually became popular through running schools.

Confucius used Yayan to teach, and emphasized that "poems, books, and rituals" must be written in Yayan. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it went south from Xi'an via Hanzhong along the Han River to Dongting Lake, and then traced the Xiang River to the junction of Guangdong and Guangxi. Academic ideas from the northern Central Plains spread here through this communication channel. Fengkai was the center of Confucian classics in Lingnan during the Han Dynasty.

Yayan, the carrier of Confucian classics, was first spread here, forming Cantonese with its own characteristics. Fengkai was the earliest Cantonese center. Fengkainan Cantonese completely preserves the basic characteristics of Yayan and some elements of Baiyue language, and witnesses the formation process of Cantonese. ?

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, although Panyu City (Guangzhou) had become an important foreign trade port in southern my country, the Pearl River Delta region was still a sea and sparsely populated land.

Until the Tang and Song Dynasties, a large number of immigrants from the Central Plains and Jiangnan moved south to the Pearl River Delta through Zhuji Lane in Nanxiong, northern Guangdong, and formed the Cantonese ethnic line and Cantonese culture. They brought the Central Plains with them during the Tang and Song Dynasties Phonology, Cantonese eventually formed a distribution pattern centered on Guangzhou and Cantonese dialect is the authentic one.

During the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan government compiled the "Zhongyuan Phonology" based on the Dadu (Beijing) dialect to replace the original "Guangyun" and assigned the entering tone to the other three tones, resulting in the initial consonant structure of the northern dialect. It is very different from ancient Chinese in that it has no rhymes or voiced sounds. Dialects such as Cantonese and Wu have become relics of ancient Chinese.