Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan. What is Wuzhangyuan here?

Wuzhangyuan is located in Wuzhangyuan Town, Qishan County, Baoji, at the western end of the 800-mile Qinchuan River and at the northern foot of Taibai Mountain. It is an ancient battlefield where Zhuge Liang deployed his troops and died due to exhaustion during the Three Kingdoms period. It is famous far and wide for its many scenic spots. \x0d\\x0d\There are three explanations for why Wuzhang was originally called "Wuzhang"; one is that it was wide in front and narrow in the back, with the narrowest point being only five feet; the other is that when Qin II visited the west, the original head was blowing. The five-foot dust pillar was exposed to strong winds; thirdly, it was said that the original height was more than fifty feet, and it was originally called the fifty-foot plain. It was passed down by word of mouth and became the five-foot plain. The main scenic spot in Wuzhangyuan is the Zhuge Temple (Wuhou Temple). There are plaques, inscriptions, tablets, inscriptions, murals, statues, etc. in the temple. Outside the temple, there are relics such as "Huoluo City", "Zhuge Pot", "Qipan Mountain", "Zhuge Spring", "Zhuge Field", "Panpan Road", "Wei Yancheng", "Ancient Huluyu Site" stone tablets, etc. \x0d\\x0d\ Location: It is located about 20 kilometers south of Qishan County, bordering the Qinling Mountains in the south, the Weishui River in the north, and deep ravines in the east and west \x0d\\x0d\ Wuzhangyuan is located in Qishan County, Baoji, 130 kilometers east of Xi'an and west of Baoji 56 kilometers, 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 20 meters high and covers an area of ??about 12 square kilometers. Wuzhangyuan is surrounded by Qipan Mountain in the south and Weihe River in the north. The east and west sides are deep ditches carved by the river, making the situation dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Wuzhangyuan to fight against Sima Yi. He later died of illness in Wuzhangyuan due to overwork, and Wuzhangyuan became famous all over the world. It was Zhuge Liang's last battlefield during the Three Kingdoms period. \x0d\\x0d\In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, passed through the Qinling Mountains, and stationed at Wuzhangyuan. When we first arrived, we were short of food and grass, so we first settled in the fields to train our troops and waited to attack Wei. Wei general Sima Yi was well aware of Zhuge Liang's clever plan, so he stayed on the north bank of the Wei River and did not dare to send troops rashly. The two sides remained in a stalemate for a hundred days at Wuzhangyuan without fighting. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei soldiers into Hulugou to fight, and set fire to the mouth of the valley in order to defeat Wei general Sima Yi. Unexpectedly, a heavy rain caused the Wei army to escape death. In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died of illness in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang was commanding the battle, he saw the dangerous position of the Shu army and exclaimed: "There are geniuses in the world." In order to commemorate Zhuge Liang, later generations built a temple here. \x0d\\x0d\According to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, hence the name. The place where Zhuge Liang farmed was known as "Zhuge Tian". There are still remnants of a half-meter-high city wall where Zhuge Liang set up military tents and commanded operations. It is about 250 meters long from north to south and nearly 100 meters wide from east to west. The local people named this small castle "Huoluo City". On the Qinling hillside south of Huoluo City, there is a flat stone with chessboard lines on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here, so the mountain was named "Qipan Mountain". Many "Zhuge pots" have been found in the soil of Wuzhangyuan, and the iron pots have official script characters of the Han Dynasty cast on them. Wudaiyuan is now a farmland, and tourists here always want to find the relics and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a bay in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luo Xing Bay locally, and the village in the bay is called Luo Xing Fort. \x0d\\x0d\There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the north end of Wuzhangyuan. It was founded in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. On the walls on both sides of the Xian Hall in the temple, there are paintings of stories of the Three Kingdoms, such as Ancient City Meeting, Empty City Strategy, Three Wars with Lu Bu, etc. There are 40 pieces of bluestone inlaid under the mural. Yue Fei's handwritten "Exhortation to the Master" is engraved on the stone with vigorous and powerful handwriting. In front of the stone, there is a stone inscription by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, praising Yue Fei: "pure and uninflected, his writing is like his person". (It is said that it is Longzhong, Xiangyang, and it is also said that it is Nanyang. It is difficult to decide?) On the gate of Wuhou Temple today is the vertical plaque "Zhuge Liang Temple of Wuzhangyuan". On both sides of the porch are "One poem, two tables and three tripods, the eternal Wuzhangyuan". couplet. Entering the first courtyard through the mountain gate, there are bell and drum towers standing on the east and west sides, which are symmetrical on the left and right and echo each other. From here, you enter the spacious and elegant Xian Hall. On the left and right walls of the Xian Hall, there are colorful murals from the Qing Dynasty, depicting straw boat borrowing arrows, empty city planning and other contents. The images are lifelike and spirited, and they are among the best among traditional Chinese murals. Under the east wall, there are 40 pieces of 0.7-meter-square bluestone inlaid with Zhuge Liang's "Before and After" written by Yue Fei. The dragons and phoenixes are dancing and majestic. Together with Zhuge's writings, they are called the "Two Unique Steles". The "Two Jue Monuments" make people feel an awe-inspiring atmosphere as soon as they enter the door. There are three main halls and one companion hall on each side. In the middle of the main hall, there is a colorful seated clay statue of Zhuge Kongming, wearing a turban and a feather fan. He looks dignified, as if he is still strategizing here. On both sides are the statues of Jiang Wei, Yang Yi, Guan Xing, Zhang Bao, Wang Ping and Liao Hua.

There is a tomb of Zhuge Liang's clothes in the temple, and there is a Falling Star Pavilion next to the tomb. There is a stone in the pavilion, green and brown, with an uneven surface. It is said that it is a star that fell from the sky when Zhuge Liang died. The eastern foot of Wuzhangyuan still has the place names of Luoxing Bay and Xingluopo. It is said that this stone was moved from there. \x0d\\x0d\In addition to historical relics, today's Wuzhangyuan also has some new scenery formed due to construction. Among them, the most praised by tourists is the "Asia's No. 1 Earth-rock High Dam" of the Xieyuguan Reservoir. The dam is 114 meters high, and people can’t help but stare at it. Cars also need to twist and turn many times to get up. Climbing to the top of the dam and overlooking the ancient battlefield and vast expanse of clear water at your feet, you will definitely marvel at the great changes here and feel that this is a great place to visit. \x0d\\x0d\Xibao Highway or Xibao Highway Caijiapo Station is 5 kilometers southward\x0d\\x0d\In April 229 AD, King Wu Sun Quan officially ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor. Most of the Shu Han ministers believed that Sun Quan's proclaimed emperor was an arrogance, and demanded that the alliance be severed with Soochow. Zhuge Liang believed that the main opponent of Shu Han was Wei. He insisted on maintaining an alliance with Soochow and continued to prepare for the Northern Expedition. \x0d\In 231 AD, Zhuge Liang made his fourth Northern Expedition and sent troops to Qishan. The state of Wei sent generals Sima Yi and Zhang _etc. to lead troops to Qishan. Zhuge Liang left some soldiers in Qishan and led the main force to intercept Sima Yi. \x0d\\x0d\Sima Yi knew Zhuge Liang's strategy. He believed that Zhuge Liang was going deep alone and did not bring much rations, so he built forts in dangerous places and asked the soldiers to just defend without fighting. \x0d\\x0d\The general of the Wei army thought that Sima Yi was afraid of Zhuge Liang, so he repeatedly asked for battle, saying: "You are as afraid of the Shu army as you are of tigers. Aren't you afraid of the world's laughter?"\x0d\\x0d\Sima Yi gritted his teeth and led his troops to rush. He went up to fight Zhuge Liang, but was completely defeated by the Shu army. However, due to the failure of the grain transport officials in the rear, the Shu army was unable to supply grain and grass, so they had to withdraw their troops. General Zhang Li led his troops to pursue him closely, and rushed to the valley area around Mumen. He was killed by Zhuge Liang's prearranged ambush with random arrows. \x0d\\x0d\Zhuge Liang sent out troops several times, but often retreated because of insufficient food supplies. He accepted this lesson and designed two means of transportation, called "Wooden Ox" and "Liu Ma" (two modified carts), and used them to transport grain to Xiegukou (in the southwest of today's Mei County, Shaanxi Province) for storage. \x0d\\x0d\In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang was fully prepared and launched an army of 100,000 for the last Northern Expedition. He sent envoys to Soochow and asked Sun Quan to launch an offensive at the same time, and to coordinate the attack from the north and the south, so that Wei was attacked on both sides. \x0d\\x0d\ Zhuge Liang's army left the Xiegukou and arrived at Wuzhangyuan on the south bank of the Wei River. In order to make long-term plans, he sent some soldiers to build forts and prepare for battle; he also sent some soldiers to farm in Wuzhangyuan and work together with the local people. The Shu army has strict discipline and the people and soldiers get along well with each other. \x0d\\x0d\ Emperor Wei Ming sent Sima Yi to lead the Wei army across the Wei River, and also built forts for defense to confront the Shu army. \x0d\\x0d\After receiving Zhuge Liang's letter, Sun Quan immediately sent out three troops to attack Wei. Emperor Wei Ming was also powerful. While he personally led the army to the south to resist Soochow's attack, he also informed Sima Yi to hold on at Wuzhangyuan and only defend without fighting. \x0d\\x0d\ Zhuge Liang waited for news from Soochow, but the result disappointed him: Sun Quan's attack failed. He wanted to fight the Wei army to a decisive battle, but Sima Yi always held the camp firmly, and Zhuge Liang challenged him several times to no avail. The two sides held a stalemate there for more than a hundred days. \x0d\\x0d\To make the Wei army come out to fight, the only way is to anger Sima Yi. Zhuge Liang took advantage of the custom of despising women at the time and sent someone to send Sima Yi a set of women's clothing. It means that Sima Yi is so timid and afraid of fighting that he should go back to being a "boudoir lady". \x0d\\x0d\ When the officers and soldiers of the Wei army saw that their general was being mocked, they were so angry that they wanted to fight with the Shu army. Sima Yi knew that this was Zhuge Liang's way of provoking generals, so he didn't get angry. He comforted the soldiers and said: "Okay, I will send a memorial to the emperor, asking for permission to fight a decisive battle with the Shu army."\x0d\\x0d\After a few days, Emperor Wei Ming sent a minister to the Wei camp to convey the order. , not allowed to fight. \x0d\\x0d\The Shu army officers were disappointed when they heard the news. Only Zhuge Liang understood Sima Yi's intention and said: "Sima Yi wrote a memorial asking for war. This is for the soldiers to see. Otherwise, the general is leading the army, and there is no reason to go all the way to ask for war."\x0d\\x0d\Zhuge Liang Anticipating Sima Yi's psychology, Sima Yi was also inquiring about Zhuge Liang's situation.

Once, Zhuge Liang sent an envoy to the Wei camp to challenge him. Sima Yi received the envoy politely, chatted with the envoy, and said, "You prime minister must be very busy with official duties.\x0d\\x0d\How are you doing recently? How is your appetite? "\x0d\\x0d\ The envoy felt that Sima Yi's questions were all polite, so he answered honestly: "The Prime Minister is indeed very busy. He has to deal with all matters in the military camp himself. He just wakes up early and goes to bed very late. I've had a bad appetite recently and haven't eaten much. "\x0d\\x0d\After the messenger left, Sima Yi said to the soldiers on his left and right: "Look, Zhuge Kongming eats very little and has such a heavy workload, can he sustain it for a long time? "\x0d\\x0d\As Sima Yi expected, Zhuge Liang finally fell ill in the military camp due to excessive hard work. \x0d\\x0d\After receiving the news that Zhuge Liang was ill, the later master Liu Chan quickly sent minister Li Fu to Wuzhangyuan to express condolences. Li Fu discussed some military and state affairs with Zhuge Liang and then left. \x0d\\x0d\After a few days, Li Fu returned. He cried when he saw Zhuge Liang's condition worsening. Zhuge Liang opened his eyes and said to Li Fu: "I understand what you want to ask when you come back. I think the person you want to ask is Jiang Wan."\x0d\\x0d\Li Fu said: "That's what the prime minister said. The emperor is asking me to ask the prime minister who will succeed you in case of illness. Then who can succeed Jiang Wan? "\x0d\\x0d\ Zhuge Liang said: "It can be Fei_(yī). Take over."\x0d\\x0d\Li Fu wanted to ask more, but Zhuge Liang closed his eyes and stopped answering. A few days later, the prime minister, who was only fifty-four years old, finally died in the military camp. \x0d\\x0d\According to Zhuge Liang's instructions during his lifetime, the Shu army generals did not reveal the news of his death. They wrapped the body and put it in the car, and arranged for everyone to retreat in an orderly manner. \x0d\\x0d\The spies in Wei camp heard the news that Zhuge Liang had died of illness and reported it to Sima Yi. Sima Yi immediately led the Wei army to catch up. Just after passing the Wuzhangyuan, the flag of the Shu army suddenly turned its direction, a burst of war drums sounded, and the soldiers turned around to cover them up. \x0d\\x0d\ Sima Yi was shocked, quickly turned his horse's head and ordered to retreat. \x0d\\x0d\The Shu army generals waited until the Wei army was far away, and then calmly and safely evacuated all the troops from Wuzhangyuan. \x0d\\x0d\This incident spread to the ears of the people, who made up a ballad to mock Sima Yi, saying: "Dead Zhuge scared away the living Zhongda (Zhongda is Sima Yi's word)!"\x0d\\x0d\Sima Yi He was not angry after hearing this, and said: "I can only predict Zhuge Liang's life, how can I predict his death!" Later, he personally went to the place where the Shu army originally camped, observed Zhuge Liang's formation, and admired him very much. : "Zhuge Kongming is really a genius in the world!" \x0d\\x0d\ Wuzhangyuan is located 20 kilometers south of Qishan County. It is more than 20 meters high and covers an area of ??about 12 square kilometers. It was Zhuge Liang's last battlefield during the Three Kingdoms period. \x0d\ Wuzhangyuan is surrounded by Qipan Mountain in the south and Weihe River in the north. There are deep ravines carved by the river on the east and west sides, so the situation is dangerous. In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, took the Baoxie Road, passed through the Qinling Mountains, and stationed at Wuzhangyuan. When we first arrived, we were short of food and grass, so we first settled in the fields to train our troops and waited to attack Wei. Wei general Sima Yi was well aware of Zhuge Liang's clever plan, so he stayed on the north bank of the Wei River and did not dare to send troops rashly. The two sides remained in a stalemate for a hundred days at Wuzhangyuan without fighting. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei soldiers into Hulugou to fight, and set fire to the mouth of the valley in order to defeat Wei general Sima Yi. Unexpectedly, a heavy rain caused the Wei army to escape death. Zhuge Liang couldn't help but look up to the sky and sigh: "People plan things, and heaven makes things happen."\x0d\In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died of illness in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang was commanding the battle, he saw the dangerous position of the Shu army and exclaimed: "There is a genius in the world." In order to commemorate this generation of talents, later generations built a temple here. When Wen Tingyun, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, passed through Wuzhangyuan, he expressed his nostalgia for the past and said: The iron horse and the cloud sculpture are the most beautiful, and the Liuying high pressure and the Han palace spring. The murderous spirit is on the right side of Tunguan in the clear sky, and the demon star shines on Weibin in the middle of the night. The king of the lower country is sleeping in the sky, and the deer in the Central Plains cannot be obtained by anyone. The treasure tent on the elephant bed has no words. From then on, Qiao Zhou was an old minister. \x0d\Wudayuan is now a piece of farmland, and tourists here always want to find the relics and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a bay in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luo Xing Bay locally, and the village in the bay is called Luo Xing Fort. According to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, hence the name. The place where Zhuge Liang farmed was known as "Zhuge Tian". There are still remnants of a half-meter-high city wall where Zhuge Liang set up military tents and commanded operations. It is about 250 meters long from north to south and nearly 100 meters wide from east to west.

The local people named this small castle "Huoluo City". On the Qinling hillside south of Huoluo City, there is a flat stone with chessboard lines on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here, so the mountain was named "Qipan Mountain". Many "Zhuge pots" have been found in the soil of Wuzhangyuan, and the iron pots have official script characters of the Han Dynasty cast on them.