The Chinese Solution to the Zhan Tianyou Problem

From 65438 to 0888, Zhan Tianyou was recommended by his old classmate Mou to be an engineer in China Railway Company. Zhan Tianyou, which has been lost for seven years, has the opportunity to join the railway industry of the motherland. At this time, it was the construction of the Tianjin-Tangshan Railway. He didn't want to stay in Tianjin for a long time, so he went to the construction site to share joys and sorrows with the workers. As a result, it was completed and opened to traffic in only 80 days. However, Li Hongzhang played the role of Englishman Jinda and promoted Jinda as chief engineer. Zhan Tianyou's works were therefore copied.

Built the Luanhe River Bridge.

1890, the Qing government repaired the internal and external railways (now Beijing-Shenyang Railway), and Jinda was the chief engineer. 1892, the project goes to Luanhe Bridge, and many countries want to win this business. Of course, Jinda took the Englishman first, but the Englishman Cox failed because the bridge could not be built. Contractors from Japan and Germany also failed. As the delivery deadline approaches, Jinda has to ask Zhan Tianyou. Zhan Tianyou made a detailed analysis of the reasons for the failure of various countries, and made a thorough survey of the geological soil at the bottom of Luanhe River. Later, he decided to change the pile location, adopt the traditional method of China, dive into the bottom of the river with divers from China, cooperate with machine operation, successfully complete the piling task, and build the Luanhe River Bridge. This victory has strengthened the ambition of the people of China. 1894, the British Engineering Research Association elected Zhan Tianyou as a member of the Association. Since then, Zhan Tianyou has led the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin Railway and Pingyao Railway (Pingxiang to Liling).

Build Xinyi Railway

Zhan Tianyou (second from the right in the back row) and other baseball teams organized by young children studying in the United States

In order to please Nora, Yuan Shikai invited to build a Xinyi Railway (Gaobeidian to Yixian) in 1902 for the royal family to worship their ancestors. Nora is naturally willing to take the train to worship her ancestors. In order not to miss the use of ancestor worship in 1903, Yuan Shikai was ordered to finish it within half a year. Yuan Shikai appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer. Although this road is of little value, it is the beginning for China people to build their own railways. So Zhan Tianyou still attaches great importance to it. Zhan Tianyou completely abandoned the routine that foreigners had to air dry the roadbed for one year before laying the track. It took only four months to build the Xinyi Railway at a very low cost. It greatly encouraged the people of China to build their own railways and laid a good foundation for the later construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.

Zhan Tianyou builds Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.

Zhangjiakou is the hub of Beijing's entry into Inner Mongolia, the channel for tourists and businessmen from north and south, and has always been a battleground for military strategists. Therefore, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway has important economic and political value. As soon as the news that the Qing court was going to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Highway came out, Britain, the most influential country in China, was determined to win. Russia, which regards the north of the Great Wall as its sphere of influence, will never give in and the two sides will not give in to each other. Finally, an agreement was reached: if the Qing court did not borrow foreign debts and needed foreign craftsmen, the road would be built by China people, and neither side could reach out. In this way, the Qing government gave up the idea of asking foreigners for help and devoted itself to self-study. 1905 In May, the Engineering Bureau of Beijing-Zhangjia Railway Administration was established, with Chen Ren as general manager and Zhan Tianyou as general manager and chief engineer. 1906, Zhan Tianyou was promoted to general manager and chief engineer. Zhan Tianyou clearly knows the difficulty of this task. He must first resist cynicism from all sides: some people say that he is "overreaching", "only spending a few dollars" and even "daring". In a letter to Mrs Northrop, an American teacher, he said: "If the Beijing-Zhangjiang project fails, it will be not only my misfortune, but also the misfortune of China engineers, and it will bring great losses to China. Before and after I accepted this task, many foreigners publicly declared that China engineers could not undertake the arduous project of masonry and cave dwelling on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou line, but I persisted in my project. " . It fully embodies the patriotism and sense of national responsibility of China intellectuals. Zhan Tianyou has surveyed three routes, and the second detour is too far. The third is today's abundant sand line. Due to the limited funds allocated by the Qing court and the short time, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the first route, that is, from Fengtai to Zhangjiakou via Xizhimen, Shahe, Jingnankou, Juyongguan, Badaling, Huailai, Ji Ming Post and Xuanhua, with a total length of 360 miles. The difficulty of the whole line is to close the ditch, where the mountains overlap and the cliffs are steep and varied. The difficulty of the project was not found in the whole country at that time, and it was rare in the world. The slope is very large, and the height difference between Nankou and Badaling is 180. Zhan Tianyou divides the whole line into three sections: Fengtai to Nankou as the first section, Nankou to Kangzhuang as the second section, and the rest as the third section. 1In August, 905, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was officially started, and intense exploration and route selection began. Zhan Tianyou personally led the students and workers, carrying benchmarks and theodolite, running around the rugged mountains day and night. One evening, the fierce northwest wind roared in Badaling area, whizzing past with dust, which made people unable to open their eyes. The survey team finished the work in a hurry, filled in the survey figures and climbed down from the rock wall. Zhan Tianyou took the book, looked through the filled figures and asked doubtfully, "Is the data accurate?" "Almost," replied the surveyor. Zhan Tianyou said seriously: "Our work must be accurate first, and we can't be a little sloppy. The words "probably" and "almost" should not come from engineers. " Then, he picked up the instrument, braved the wind and sand, struggled to climb to the rock wall, carefully re-measured, and corrected a mistake. When he came down, his lips were purple with cold. Soon, exploration and construction entered the most difficult stage. At Badaling and Qinglong Bridge, there are overlapping mountains and steep walls hanging rocks. Four tunnels will be opened, and the longest one is 1 100 meters, which is three times that of Juyongguan. After accurate calculation, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the method of sectional construction: simultaneously drilling from the north and south ends of the mountain, opening a large well in the middle of the mountain, and then drilling from the north and south ends in the well. This not only ensures the construction quality, but also speeds up the project progress. When digging a hole, I dug a lot of stones by hand and picked out the spewing spring water one by one. Zhan Tianyou, as the chief engineer, has no shelf. He digs stones and carries water with the workers, and his face is covered with mud and sweat. He also encouraged everyone to say, "The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the first railway that we built with our own people and our own money. The eyes of the whole world are watching us, and we must succeed! " "No matter success or failure, it is definitely not our own success or failure, but the success or failure of our country!" In order to shorten the construction period, Zhan Tianyou came up with the "shaft excavation method" and created the herringbone line for the train to climb the mountain. These methods have played a very important role now. Zhan Tianyou and his family took a group photo in Wuhan.

/kloc-0 started construction on September 4th, 905, and/kloc-0 started track laying on February 6th, 2. On the first day of track laying, the coupler chain of an engineering vehicle broke, causing derailment accident. This has become evidence that China people can't build their own railways, and all kinds of slanders have poured in. However, Zhan Tianyou didn't panic, but thought calmly: the slope of this road is extremely high, and the connection performance between cars is slightly unstable, so the accident is hard to avoid. To this end, he used the method of automatic hook and finally solved this problem. On September 30th, 1906, all the works in Bid 1 were opened to traffic, and the works in Bid 2 started at the same time. The difficulty lies in the second quarter. First of all, we must open four tunnels: Juyongguan, Wuguitou, Shifosi and Badaling. The longest length of Badaling Tunnel is1.092m.. This requires not only accurate calculation and correct command, but also new mountain cutters, ventilators and pumps. The former is not a problem for Zhan Tianyou, while the latter is not available in China at that time, and it can only be imagined by the hands of workers. However, they adopted shaft excavation method to overcome many difficulties and finally completed the second bid section on September 1908. The difficulty of the third bid section is second only to that of Guangou. The first one is Huailai Bridge, the longest bridge on Zhangjing Road, which is erected by 7 steel beams 100 feet long. Thanks to Zhan Tianyou's correct command, it was completed in time. April 2 1909 train goes to Xiahuayuan. Although the section from Xiahuayuan to Jimingyi mining area is not long, the project is extremely difficult. On the right is Yanghe River, and on the left is Rocky Mountain. A six-foot-deep tunnel should be opened on the mountain, and a seven-mile-long riverbed should be padded under the mountain. Zhan Tianyou paved the river bed at the foot of the mountain with stones paving the road on the mountain. In order to prevent mountain torrents from impacting the subgrade, cement bricks were used for protection, and the third section was successfully completed. Zhan Tianyou never paid attention to the engineering difficulties, but Zhan Tianyou was extremely worried about man-made obstacles. There is a man named Guangzhai in Qinghe. He used to be a Taoist priest and a relative of the royal family Zaize. Both the ruling and opposition parties have influence. As soon as the railway passed its grave, he led the crowd to make trouble, stopped the project, and bribed heavily in private to demand diversion. The postal department is afraid to ask. There is the tomb of King Zheng in the north, the tomb of eunuchs in the south and the tomb of Nora's father Guigong in the west. I wonder how much time and money will be wasted to divert traffic. Zhan Tianyou is ashamed of taking bribes, never misappropriating them, and strives to stay or stay. Finally, because the five ministers were bombed when they went abroad, Zaize was too scared to talk about foreign affairs. Guangzhai agreed to pass through the grave wall because he lost his backer. The completion ceremony of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was originally scheduled to be completed in six years, and Zhan Tianyou was finally opened to traffic in August of 1909 and1,two years ahead of schedule, saving 282,000 silver. The successful completion of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is a victory for the people of China and a full expression of the patriotic spirit of patriotic intellectuals in China. Imperialism always wants to seize this road. At the beginning of the project, Japanese Yujiro wrote to Yuan Shikai at the imperial gate, saying: China people can't afford to build this road, so it's safer to ask Japanese technicians. The Englishman Jinda also came to intercede for Japan. Zhan Tianyou flatly refused to hire any foreigners on this road. After the Juyongguan tunnel project started, hordes of foreigners often came to spy in the name of hunting, hoping that the project would fail in order to take advantage of people's danger. Zhan Tianyou set the tone for the people of China with excellent results. After the completion of Zhangjing Road, Zhan Tianyou was employed by Guangdong Commercial Yuezhong Railway Corporation as the company's prime minister in May 19 12, and concurrently served as the office of John-Sichuan Railway Association.

Establish China Engineering Society.

After the Revolution of 1911, in order to revitalize the railway industry, Zhan Tianyou and his colleagues established the China Engineering Society, and was promoted to president. During this period, he devoted a lot of efforts to the training of young engineers and technicians. In addition to setting an example, he also encouraged young people to "study hard for invention" and asked them not to "favor one over the other, and not to fish for fame". Take others with sincerity, not yourself as a mirror. "

Representing China Government in the International Conference on Far East Railway.

19 19 after the first European war, Zhan Tianyou attended the international conference on the Far East Railway on behalf of the China government, braved the cold and rushed to the conference site to argue with the Japanese representative who tried to occupy the North Manchuria Middle East Railway in China, and obtained China's right to protect the Middle East Railway. On his way home, he climbed the Great Wall again and suffered from illness. He sighed: "Life has ups and downs, and the original road network dream made me regret it until the end. Fortunately, my life can be turned into a track crawling on the land of China ... "His persistent deeds of fighting against the great powers on the railway front, as well as his high integration of national spirit and scientific spirit, will be left to us forever together with the bronze statue set up for him by later generations.

Related text

Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China. Under his auspices, the railway from Beijing to Zhangjiakou was successfully built for the first time. This is the first railway trunk line designed and built entirely by China engineers and technicians. The imperialists refused to let people go, and the matter dragged on for a long time They finally put forward a condition: if the Qing government used its own engineers to build the railway, it would not ask again. They thought that with such a threat, the railway could not be started, and finally they had to ask them for help. The imperialists got it all wrong. China had its own engineers at that time, and Zhan Tianyou was one of them. 1905, the Qing government appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. When the news came out, it sensationalized the whole country. Everyone says we can win a sigh of relief this time. The imperialists think this is a joke. A foreign newspaper said contemptuously, "China engineers who can build a railway north of Nankou have not yet been born." It turns out that from the south exit to the north, through Juyongguan to Badaling, there are cliffs all the way. They think that foreign engineers dare not try such a difficult project, and China people can't finish it anyway. Zhan Tianyou, not afraid of difficulties and ridicule, resolutely accepted the task and immediately began to survey the line. Where to cut mountains, where to build bridges, where to level steep slopes and where to reduce curvature all need to be investigated and carefully calculated. Zhan Tianyou often encourages the staff, saying: "Our work must be accurate first, and we can't be a little sloppy." He personally took the workers, carried the benchmark, and carried the theodolite to fix points and draw on the cliff. The Great Wall is often windy and dusty, and if you are not careful, you are in danger of falling into a deep valley. No matter how bad the conditions are, Zhan Tianyou always insists on working in the wild. During the day, he climbed mountains and surveyed routes; In the evening, he paints and calculates under the oil lamp. In order to find a suitable route, he often asks local farmers. When encountering difficulties, he always thought: This is the first railway built by China people themselves, and it must be built; Otherwise, it will not only make foreigners laugh, but also make engineers in China lose confidence. The railway has to pass through many high mountains, so it is necessary to dig tunnels, of which Juyongguan and Badaling tunnels are the most difficult projects. Juyongguan Mountain is high and the rock stratum is thick, so Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the method of simultaneous excavation from both ends to the middle. The spring water at the top of the mountain seeped downward, and the tunnel was full of mud. There was no water pump on the construction site, so Zhan Tianyou took the lead in carrying buckets to drain water. He often eats and lives with the workers and never leaves the construction site. Badaling Tunnel is over 1 100 meters long, which is three times as long as Juyongguan Tunnel. He discussed with the old workers and decided to adopt the intermediate sinking method. First, two shafts were drilled down from the top of the mountain, and then dug at both ends. At the same time, the outer ends were constructed, and the construction period was shortened by half. The railway passes near Qinglong Bridge, with a particularly steep slope. How can a train climb such a steep slope? Zhan Tianyou designed a herringbone line along the mountain. When the northbound train arrives at the south exit, two locomotives are used, one is pulling in front and the other is pushing back. After crossing the Qinglong Bridge, the train went northeast, crossed the fork of the herringbone line and turned upside down. The original locomotive was pulled and pushed, making the train turn to the northwest. In this way, it is much easier for the train to go up the hill. The Zhangjing Railway was completed in less than four years, two years ahead of schedule. This incident gave a powerful counterattack to the imperialists who despised China. Today we go to Badaling by train and pass Qinglong Bridge Station. We can see a bronze statue, which is the statue of Zhan Tianyou.

Zhan Tianyou's great grandfather.

Zhan Tianyou is the 4th1descendant of Zhan in Lukeng Village, Wuyuan County. Zhan Tianyou, the head of the 37th generation of Zhan's World Group.

God bless's great-grandfather Zhan Wanbang, the word Wenxian, was born in Qianlong ten years (AD 1745). Zhan Wanbang's father, Zhan Qianjin, is a businessman who opened a grocery store called Dachang in his hometown. He has eight children, and Zhan Wanbang ranks third. Due to the large number of sons and daughters, high expenses, insufficient groceries and heavy debts, the two brothers had to split up and make their own living. Zhan Wanbang is quite ambitious. After his parents died, he decided to move to Gaohushan, the next village, without the legacy of his ancestors. He was listed as a doctor because he read several medical books when he was a child. In the prosperous period of Qianlong, the people got a respite from the long-term war, agriculture developed and commerce gradually flourished. Tea sales in Wuyuan are increasing day by day, and it has become one of the most popular drinks for the upper and middle classes in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. At that time, Wuyuan green tea was processed locally and then transported to Guangzhou Port for export. Due to low prices and high export prices, many tea merchants have made a fortune. Zhan Wanbang was also moved and sold a batch of tea to Guangdong. Who knows that doing business is unfavorable, not only losing blood, but also having no way to go home, so I have to stay in Guangzhou and rely on my old friends and fellow villagers to help me pass the time. At that time, there were many Huizhou merchants in Guangdong, and some Wuyuan people made a fortune in business. After their generosity, Zhan Wanbang opened a small tea shop called Wanfu outside Xiguan, Guangzhou. Small tea shop business is booming, gradually pay off debts, with the rest of the money donated a cadet. At this time, Zhan Wanbang was ambitious and came to Guangdong with his son. He was determined to attach himself to the power of the thirteen lines in Guangzhou and open up a bigger situation. Son Zhan Shiluan lived up to his father's expectations and assisted his father in business, and his business became more developed. Zhan Shiluan realized that he could not do business without official hats, and donated an official with experience as chief secretary to Ru Linlang, who had six official hats.

Father Zhan Tianyou.

When we arrived at Zhan Zhan Tianyou (third from the right), the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Line was completed and we took a group photo.

When the Opium War broke out, God blessed his father Zhan Fanxing. The guns of the British invaders blew away the "thirteen lines" that had long controlled export trade, and small foreign trade businessmen in Guangzhou began to decline. Soon, Zhan's tea shop also declared bankruptcy. The Zhan family moved from Guangzhou to support their families by studying and farming. 186 1 On March 27th, 2008, the battle between Taiping Army and Qing government was going on fiercely, and the smoke from the burning of Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces had not been dispersed. Zhan Tianyou was born in a peasant family in Nanhai, Guangdong. In the sixth year of Tongzhi, Zeng Guofan, a warlord from Hunan, became the governor of Liangjiang. Hong Rong, the first Yale graduate in China to study in the United States, gave him an "article" to send children abroad to the United States. Three years later, this "rule" was finally approved by the Qing government. International students * * * are divided into four groups, 120 students, aged from 12 to 15 years old. The Qing government also appointed Hong Rong to Hong Kong to preside over the enrollment work of "sending young children to study abroad". At this time, Zhan had a fellow countryman named Tan Bocun who was doing business in Hong Kong. He likes Zhan Tianyou very much. 187 1 In the spring of, Tan Bocun made a special trip from Hong Kong to the South China Sea to persuade Zhan not to give up the opportunity to study in Zhan Tianyou, saying that this was a "foreign academician" and an "iron rice bowl" for life. Zhan Fanxing hesitated until Tan Bocun promised to marry his fourth daughter (Zhan Tianyou's wife Tan Juzhen) to Zhan Tianyou, and the matter was settled.

Devote oneself to building roads

From 65438 to 0888, Zhan Tianyou entered Tianjin China Railway Company, lived on the construction site with his family, and started as an engineer. When he began to devote himself to building roads, foreign leaders often sent him to the most difficult sections. Because of his strong dedication and hard work, he first entered the railway and completed the track-laying project of Jintang (Tanggu to Tianjin) with high quality. In the construction of Luanhe Bridge on Jinyu Railway, the difficult problem of pier foundation construction that foreign engineers failed to solve was solved. Pier foundation was successfully built for the first time in China Railway. With a total length of more than 630 meters, this bridge is the longest steel bridge of China Railway before the Yellow River Bridge was completed. Its successful completion has attracted the attention of China and foreign countries, and the creative ability of China engineers has begun to attract foreign attention. 1894 was elected to the British Institution of Civil Engineers, becoming the first China engineer to join the institution. 1894 The Sino-Japanese War broke out and the railway outside Shanhaiguan was stopped. He transferred from the railway outside Shanhaiguan to the Jin-Lu Railway (Tianjin to Beijing Lugou Bridge) and led a team to survey and build roads. 1895 China was defeated in the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1895 1895, and stepped up the construction of coastal railways. Zhan Tianyou was sent to Jinzhou Railway as an engineering office to direct the construction of the branch line from Goubangzi to Yingkou (about 73km). After Yingkou Branch Line 1900 was opened to traffic, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and the railways inside and outside Guankou were occupied by Britain and Russia, and the railways outside Guankou stopped working. Zhan Tianyou was sent to Jiangxi Pingyao Railway. On this road, he opposed the idea of foreign engineers adopting narrow gauge and insisted on adopting standard gauge. 190 1 year, after the signing of the peace treaty between Xin and Chou, the railways inside and outside Shanhaiguan were returned to China by Britain and Russia, and Zhan Tianyou took part in recovering the roads from the emperor and Russia, which soon resumed traffic. His works were excellent and attracted the attention of the Qing government. 1902, the Qing government decided to build Xinyi Railway (43km from Gaobeidian in Xincheng County to Lianggezhuang in yi county) for the burial of Cixi to Xiling. As Britain and France were at loggerheads over the right to build, the Qing government had to build it by itself and appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer. 1903 was completed and opened to traffic in April despite the urgent construction period and winter construction. The rapid completion of this highway has prepared for the independent construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. During this period, after Zhan Tianyou returned to Guangdong to attend his father's funeral, he surveyed the Chaoshan Railway (39 kilometers from Chaozhou to Shantou) and passed through Shanghai on his way home. He was employed as the engineering consultant of Shanghai China Railway Company, planning the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway in Jiangsu and inspecting the Daoqing Railway (crossing to Tsinghua150km).

win?honour?for?the?country

1905- 1909 In order to develop commerce, the Qing government decided to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Zhan Tianyou was assigned to preside over the road construction, first as the General Affairs Department and General Affairs Department, and then promoted to General Affairs Department and General Affairs Department. This road runs from Beijing to Zhangjiakou and across the Du Jun Mountains. The terrain is steep and the project is extremely arduous. It is about 200 kilometers long and is the main road leading to the northwest. In order to compete for the right to build roads, Britain and Russia were deadlocked, and the Qing government decided to build it by itself, but it lacked confidence. Foreigners are talking about China's inability to complete the road construction project. Zhan Tianyou said: "China is vast and rich in resources. It is shameful that all the work along the way depends on outsiders!" In the face of foreigners' sarcasm, he led all road builders to face difficulties with dauntless spirit. Qi Xin won glory for his country. At the beginning of construction, there was a shortage of engineers and technicians. Zhan Tianyou only led two engineering students to survey Zhangjiakou from Fengtai via Nankou and Badaling in May 1905, and then made a reverse survey, and selected the contrast line from Yanqing to Changping via Deshengkou and the Ming Tombs (the Yongding River Valley route was also considered, but no survey was conducted due to the arduous project, limited funds and time. In June, he returned to Tianjin General Administration, put forward the investigation report and drew up the construction plan. It is planned to be built in three parts. The first section (Fengtai to Nankou) will be started first, so as to benefit from the early traffic. The second section (from Nankou to Chadao City) and the third section (from Chadao City to Zhangjiakou) will be investigated in detail. Especially in the second section from Zhongnankou to Badaling, the terrain is steep, and further comparison lines need to be selected. The report said, "If this road becomes one day earlier, the public will benefit from it one day earlier, business travelers will enjoy its convenience one day earlier, and foreigners will envy it one day earlier; The difficulty of building roads is actually unprecedented. "

Protect the road and be patriotic

The groundbreaking ceremony of Sichuan-Han railway Sichuan was called the land of abundance in ancient times, with rich products and inconvenient transportation. Britain and France have long planned to seize the railway construction right from the southwest of China, so as to control the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River economically and politically. The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was built by itself, which promoted the development of self-run railways in various provinces. The people of Sichuan and Hubei are determined to build the Sichuan-Han Railway by self-financing. It is planned to go from Chengdu to Yichang via Chongqing and Wanxian, with a length of about 1.200 km, with Yichang to Wanxian as the first section, with a length of about 300 km. Yiwan section runs along the Three Gorges, and the mountains along the way are extremely steep. The two provinces decided that the project in Hubei Province should be repaired by Sichuan Province. 1907, Sichuan Commercial Chuanhan Railway Company was established in Chengdu, and people in Sichuan and Hubei called for the appointment of Zhan Tianyou as a road construction engineer. 1909, Zhan Tianyou was appointed as the chief engineer and director of the conference office of Chuanhan Railway, but the Beijing-Zhangjia Railway project was not completed, so he was too busy at the moment. After discussion, Yan Deqing, the deputy, was selected to leave Beijing for Yichang as the deputy chief engineer of Sichuan-Han Railway. During the development of the road protection movement, Zhan Tianyou had a further understanding of the decay and decline of the Qing government. Before the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Guangzhou was tense, the rich fled to Hong Kong, and the employees of Guangdong Road Company tended to separate. Zhan Tianyou's friends also advised him not to stay in Guangzhou. He called the heads of various departments and announced his determination to stick to his post. Anyone who wants to leave can leave, but the handling work must be explained clearly. Driven by Zhan Tianyou's influence, no one left Guangdong Road Company, and the trains operated as usual during the whole revolution. The adjacent Guangsan Railway fled first because of the leadership, which caused heavy losses in railway transportation and property. 19 12 in may, sun yat-sen was engaged in industrial construction. First, I went to Guangzhou to inspect the Guangdong-China Railway Company operated by Cantonese, and Zhan Tianyou led the employees to meet me. Sun Yat-sen instructed: "Guangdong-Han trunk line has great prospects in the construction of the Republic of China, and revitalizing industry is the primary task." ..... Look at the speed map. " In September of the same year, Sun Yat-sen arrived in Beijing to inspect the Beijing-Zhangjia Railway and Zhang Sui Railway Engineering Bureau, and announced to the press that he planned to invite Zhan Tianyou and others to plan the national railway.

Edit this paragraph of Zhan Tianyou Civil Engineering Award.

Reward information

Award Name: China Zhan Tianyou Civil Engineering Award Other Name: China Civil Engineering (Zhan Tianyou) Award Founder: 1998 Organizer: china civil engineering society and Zhan Tianyou Civil Engineering Science and Technology Development Fund Committee.

Award introduction

In order to promote scientific and technological progress, improve the level of engineering construction, apply today's outstanding scientific and technological achievements to engineering practice and create advanced civil engineering, Zhan Tianyou Civil Engineering Award, formerly known as China Civil Engineering (Zhan Tianyou) Award, is established. The award aims to reward and commend outstanding civil engineering construction projects that have made remarkable achievements in scientific and technological innovation and application in China. The selection of this award fully embodies "innovation" (the winning project should have obvious creativity and high technology content in design and construction technology), "symbolism" (reflecting the highest level and knowledge level of similar projects in China today) and "authority" (collaborative recommendation and selection between social and government departments). This award is the honorary award of engineering technology in the field of civil engineering in China; Awarded by china civil engineering society and Zhan Tianyou Civil Engineering Science and Technology Development Fund Committee; With the support and guidance of the construction departments of the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Communications. The award is selected every two years. Each time, several comprehensive awards were selected.