The next volume of the sixth grade Chinese class is an e-book

The sixth grade Chinese textbook People's Education Edition Volume II E-book

Did you preview the textbook knowledge for the next semester during the holiday? The following is an e-book compiled by the People's Education Edition of the sixth grade Chinese textbook. Welcome to read it!

1

Learning chess is selected from Mencius Gaozi. The article first writes that Qiu Yi is the best chess player in China, and then writes that Qiu Yi teaches two people with different learning attitudes to play chess, and the learning effect is also very different. Finally, it is written that the learning results of these two people are different, not because of the great difference in intelligence. Through this incident, it shows that we should concentrate on our studies and not be half-hearted.

The Days of Two Children Arguing is selected from Liezi Tang Wen. Confucius and Lu Yu's two children are arguing. One thinks the sun is close to people in the morning, and the other thinks the sun is close to people at noon. Therefore, the two sides each hold one end and can't argue why. Even a learned man like Confucius can't decide. They are laughed at by two children. The story shows that the two children are observant and reasonable, and Confucius' attitude of seeking truth from facts.

(1) Shoot at the thought of a bow. This sentence was written after a person learned the performance of chess. Although he seems to be listening to Qiu Yi's instruction, he is thinking about shooting swans with bows and arrows. Contrastive narration makes the conclusion natural and convincing.

(2) for its wisdom? That's not true. This is the conclusion of the article "Learning Games", which summarizes the things mentioned in the article regardless of the evidence, but the argument has been included in the narrative. Grasp the previous sentence "if you learn from it, it is success", understand the truth of "if you succeed", and understand that the result of doing things wholeheartedly is completely different from that of doing things wholeheartedly. In order to deepen the understanding of this sentence, students can talk about it in combination with their own lives in group cooperative learning.

(3) I am close to people when the sun rises. This is a child's point of view when arguing. He made a judgment based on the changes in the size of the sun observed at different times.

(4) The warehouse is cool at the beginning, and it is like exploring soup at noon. This is another child's point of view in the debate, based on the hot and cold feeling of the sun shining on him at different times.

(5) Who is your Zhihu? This is what two children said with a smile when they saw that Confucius could not rule-who said you were learned? This sentence is very rhetorical, showing the innocence and loveliness of two children.

Reference translation:

Qiu Yi is a national chess player. He taught two students to play chess, and one of them was so absorbed that he only listened to Qiu Yi. While listening to Qiu Yi's lecture, another student always thought there was a swan flying in the sky and wanted to shoot it down with a bow and arrow. Although they study together, the latter student doesn't study as well as the former one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as others? Say: it's not like this.

One day, Confucius went to the East to study. When he saw two children arguing about something, he asked why.

A child said, "I think the sun is closer to people when it first comes out, and it is farther away at noon."

Another child thinks that the sun is farther away from people when it first comes out and closer to people at noon.

A child said, "The sun was as big as a hood when it first came out, and it was like a plate at noon. Isn't that why it looks small from afar and big from near? "

Another child said: "When the sun just came out, it felt very cold. At noon, it was like putting your hand into hot water. Isn't that why you feel hot near and cold far away? "

Confucius could not judge what was going on.

The two children smiled and said, "Who said you were learned?"

2 in a hurry

This article is a famous essay by Zhu Ziqing, a famous modern writer. The article closely follows the word "hurry", describes the trace of the passage of time delicately and expresses the author's helplessness and regret for the passage of time.

This paper focuses on "Hurry" and first writes the characteristics of "Days Gone for Never". Then I wrote more than 8,000 days, which came and went in a hurry, fleeting, and the author had a lot of thoughts, from scenery to people, which was sighing. Finally, the author gives an inner sigh. Features of the article: first, the structure is exquisite, the levels are distinct, it inherits nature and echoes from beginning to end; Second, the text is beautiful and meaningful, concise and concise; Third, the scene blends. Whether writing about swallows, willows, peach blossoms or the sun, there is a sigh of "Why are our days gone forever", which shows the author's helplessness and regret over the passage of time everywhere.

Swallows have gone, and there is a time to come again; Willow withered, there is a time to green again; The peach blossom withered, but it blossomed again. But, smart, tell me, why are our days gone forever?

Compound sentence is used to describe the time when swallows return, willows turn green and peach blossoms bloom again. In the spring scenery depicted, it shows that the rise and fall of nature is the trace of time flying. "Why are our days gone forever?" Seemingly inquiring, it actually expresses the author's helplessness over the passage of time and his deep memory of the past days.

Like a drop of water on the tip of a needle in the sea, my days are dripping in the stream of time, without sound or shadow.

The author compares his past 8,000 days to a drop of water on the tip of a needle, and compares the flow of time to the vast sea. How short the days seem, they disappear so quickly and without a trace. It shows the author's very helpless sadness.

(3) When washing hands, the days pass from the basin; When eating, the days pass from the rice bowl; When I was silent, I passed by my eyes.

The author uses a series of parallelism sentences to describe the details of people's daily life ── washing hands, eating, meditating ─── "The days have passed from the basin", "The days have passed from the rice bowl" and "The days have passed from the eyes", and shows that the days come and go inadvertently in life with delicate and unique brushstrokes.

(4) The past is like a light smoke, which is blown away by the breeze and evaporated by Chu Yang, such as mist; What traces did I leave?

The author has made a high summary of the passage of more than 8,000 days, which makes the image of time passing in a hurry become "smoke" and "fog", with unique metaphor and novel association. The faint smoke and fog are "blown away" and "evaporated" in an instant, and the days are so fleeting. The author feels the passage of time wholeheartedly.

Indeed: indeed. Sweating: The phenomenon of sweating. Meng Meng: I can't stop crying. Stroll: To walk back and forth in one place.

Gossamer: The silk spit out by the spider floats in the air, so it is called gossamer.

I realized that the author used questions, metaphors, parallelism and personification to write the imperceptible time in a hurry, never to return, vivid and infectious. Ask questions at the beginning and end of the text, and realize that the author expresses his strong feelings with questioning sentences. The article also adopts the expression of front and back care, highlighting the strong feeling of regret and helplessness about the rush of time.

Zhu Ziqing (1898— 1948), formerly known as Huazi, has strings. China is a famous modern poet and essayist. Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. Zhu Ziqing's prose is simple and meticulous, clear and gloomy, and is famous for its refined language and beautiful writing. His prose is a model of China's modern prose. Famous essays such as Rush, Back, Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddle Lights are all famous for their poems. Representative works include poetry collection Snow Dynasty (co-authored with others), poetry collection Trace, prose collection Back, European Miscellanies, You and Me, etc. After liberation, Zhu Ziqing's prose collection and Zhu Ziqing's poetry collection were published.

3 rosewood

This article is an essay by Lin Qingxuan, a famous writer in Taiwan Province Province, China. The language of this article is simple, fluent and profound. The author compares the growth of saplings to the growth of human beings, and writes a seedling raising method that allows tree growers to "learn to find water in the land by themselves", which shows the significance of enduring the test of life and overcoming dependence in a difficult environment for human growth.

This paper starts with the description of the special shape of redwood, leads to redwood seedlings and tree planters, then observes the strange phenomenon of tree planters, and finally talks with tree planters. The words of planting trees touched the author, and he understood the truth that "not only trees, but also people". People who live in uncertainty can stand the test of life and exercise their independent hearts, and point out the main idea of the article. In the description and narration, the author inherited the fluency of nature, and the author's questions led to the words of the tree planter, which inspired the author and realized the truth of life. The words of the tree planter and the educational truth that "I" learned from it. The author's introduction to the experience, reasons and methods of planting trees is only a metaphor, and its purpose is to explain the way of educating people.

Strangely, he comes here irregularly, once every three days, once every five days, and sometimes once every ten days. The amount of water is not certain, sometimes more water, sometimes less water.

This sentence is about a strange way of planting trees. There are two strange things: first, the time of coming is uncertain, and it comes every three to five days; Second, the amount of watering is uncertain and the duration is short. This sentence paves the way for the author to find out the reason later.

Not only trees, but also people. People who live in uncertainty can stand the test of life and exercise an independent heart.

To understand this sentence, we must first understand the meaning of "uncertainty". Combined with the irregular watering of trees in front of the text, students can understand that "uncertainty" here refers to some unpredictable bumps, twists and turns and hardships in life. Only by enduring the ups and downs of life can you become a strong person and a successful person.

(3) The redwoods will not wither if the tree planters stop coming.

Because the purpose of planting trees is to make trees adapt to the environment, turn few nutrients into huge energy, stand the training of wind and rain, learn to find water in the land, take root deeply and thrive. As the tree planter wishes, mahogany will not wither now, which shows that he has planted trees successfully.

Somehow: no one can explain the truth clearly. The article mentions the decline of mahogany, which makes people wonder why.

Take your time: very calm and unhurried. This article is used to describe that tree planters have a clear understanding of the growth of saplings and are not surprised or flustered at all by the withering of saplings.

Sincerity and seriousness: sincere words and deep feelings. The words used to describe tree planters in this paper show sincerity and affection for people.

Connect with the reality of life and understand the truth contained in the article-only those who live in uncertainty can stand the test of life and exercise their independent hearts. Understanding the text with the theme of "redwood" is not simply about trees, but about their growth. Consciously realize that redwood finds water in uncertainty, takes root hard, grows into a century-old tree, and shows great vitality; People who live in uncertainty can become strong-willed successful people through hardships. Trees are like people, people are like trees, and the images of trees and people are superimposed together to realize the method of passing things on to people. The article takes the emotional change of "I" as a clue: strange-more and more strange-more strange-very moved, as a clue. Master relevant vocabulary, understand the reasons why tree growers water trees uncertainly, and understand the profound truth from both positive and negative aspects.

Lin Qingxuan contemporary writer, born in Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province, 1953, graduated from the School of World Journalism in Taiwan Province Province. He used to be a foreign correspondent of China X Times, an economic reporter of Business Times, and the editor-in-chief of Time magazine in Taiwan Province Province. Prose creation began at 1973, and the main works include Prose Collection, Lotus Blossom, Lengyue Heavy Land, Moonlight Warming a Pot of Wine, Yuanyang Incense Furnace and Golden Impression. Since 1979, he has won the X-Times Literature Prize in Taiwan Province Province of China for seven consecutive times. I have studied Lin Qingxuan's Race against Time, The Shoemaker's Son and Lily in My Heart before.

4.top bowl boy

This article describes a gripping acrobatic performance. The top bowl boy who performed acrobatics failed for the first time, but he bowed gracefully to the audience and started over. The second time, the bowl fell down again, and the teenager calmed down again, holding a new bowl in his hand and bowing deeply to the audience; The third time, the bowl finally stabilized and the audience applauded like thunder. How many years later, the author will always be a little excited when he thinks about it. ...

This paper describes three performances of Ding Wan's youth, focusing on "thrilling" performances. (1) Grasp the movements and expressions of teenagers during the performance and describe the difficulty of the top bowl performance; (2) Describe the audience's reaction when watching the performance, and highlight the wonderful performance; (3) The anthropomorphic description of "Bowl" not only reflects the difficulty of performance, but also sets off the tension of performance. The author mainly focuses on the specific description of "teenagers, spectators and bowls", highlighting the tension of acrobatic performances.

First, clear the outline of the story and understand the expression order of the text; The second is to understand the philosophy of life that "failure is the mother of success" and cultivate students' confidence and courage in facing setbacks; Third, you can talk about your own experiences and feelings in combination with real life.

(1) in the relaxed and elegant music, I saw a tall Phnom Penh safflower white porcelain bowl on his head, stretching his limbs softly and naturally, making all kinds of amazing movements, suddenly lying down, suddenly jumping up ... the bowl wobbled on his head, but never fell down.

This sentence is a concrete description of Ding Wan's performance. Under the soft music, the gentle movements performed by teenagers-"stretching their limbs gently and naturally" are integrated with music, which embodies the beauty of oriental acrobatics and gives people beautiful enjoyment. "Suddenly lying down, suddenly leaping ..." Writing about the changes in performance movements is both rigid and flexible, and ellipsis contains endless changes in performance movements. The description of the bowl shows the superb performance skills of the teenagers, and it can also be seen that the performance is very difficult.

The top bowl boy smiled apologetically and bowed gracefully to the audience. This is a description of Ding Wan's expression and action when he failed in his first performance, expressing his apologies and guilt to the audience. From "smiling" and "keeping grace", we can see that he has enough confidence and courage in the performance.

(3) On the stage, the top bowl boy just stood, sweating all over his face, a little at a loss. The second failure made the teenager lose confidence and courage. These descriptions of "standing in a daze", "sweating on his face" and "being at a loss" vividly depict the frustration and embarrassment of teenagers at this time.

The boy calmed down, holding a new bowl in his hand, and bowed deeply to the audience. After two failures, the teenager was not intimidated. Calm down shows that the teenager has withstood the test of failure and started the third performance again.

This is really a thrilling struggle! This is the sigh of the author after watching the performance, and it is also the focus of the article. It expresses the author's admiration for Ding Wan's youth who is not afraid of difficulties, setbacks, pressure and courage to struggle.

In the later years, somehow, I often think of the top bowl boy and his performance. Every time I think of it, there will always be a little excitement ... This sentence comes down in one continuous line with the first sentence of the article, highlighting that this acrobatic performance left an unforgettable impression on the author. The ellipsis at the end of the sentence is enlightening and intriguing to the author.

5. Fingers

This is an essay written by Mr. Feng Zikai. The article comes straight to the point that everyone has ten fingers, and the five fingers on one hand have their own advantages and disadvantages. Then the different postures and personalities of the five fingers are described in humorous language. Finally, I clarified a truth: "If the five fingers can be combined into one and become a fist, then the root is useful and powerful, and there is no longer a difference between strong and weak and ugly."

The language of the article is humorous, the structure is clear and rigorous, and the theme is distinct and prominent. The full text closely follows the different postures and personalities of the five fingers, and depicts the five fingers with vivid postures and completely different personalities by using various expression techniques.

(1) Take a pen and rely on it to push the pen; When encountering dangerous things, it is up to him to test or take risks; He is exposed to filth, poison and fierce things the most; Knife wounds, burns, bruises and bites are most easily absorbed by him. This sentence is a description of the index finger, using the sentence pattern of parallelism, writing out the function of the index finger and his personality characteristics of diligence, courage to explore and fear of sacrifice.

He will never be impacted by foreign objects, so he has beautiful curves and is spoiled everywhere. The unique position of the middle finger is protected by the ring finger and the index finger, so it has a "curvy" posture and a "pampered" character. Here, anthropomorphic techniques are used to outline the gesture and arrogant characteristics of middle finger beauty in a few strokes.

Don't dancers' fingers often look like orchids? These two fingers are the most beautiful petals of this orchid. The author emphasizes that dancers' fingers are often in the shape of orchids and graceful, while the ring finger and little finger are the most beautiful.

(4) All fingers, like all people, if five fingers can unite into a fist, then the root is useful and powerful, and there is no longer a distinction between strength, beauty and ugliness. This sentence compares all fingers with all people and clarifies the life truth that "unity is strength", which is the main theme of the article. It can guide students to understand the truth contained in this sentence in combination with real life.

1. People are not born to know, who can have no doubt? -people are not born to understand reason, who can have no doubt? Explain that everyone does not understand something.

2. Work hard, then decline, and finally run out. -beating gongs and drums to summon up courage; When you beat gongs and drums, your courage will weaken; Knock three drums and your courage will be over. Now used to mean to get things done immediately when you are full of energy. It means that things should be done in one go.

There is no beauty in the world. No matter how sweet the melon is, the melon is bitter, and everything in the world is not perfect. That nothing is perfect.

4. Those who plant trees must cultivate their roots, and those who plant virtues must cultivate their hearts. -To plant a tree, we should cultivate its roots, teach people virtue and cultivate people's thoughts. Explain the truth of watering trees and roots, educating people and nourishing the heart.

5. Know the sound after holding a thousand songs, and know the instrument after watching a thousand swords. It takes a thousand pieces of music to know the beauty of music, and a thousand swords to distinguish the quality of weapons. Explain that more practice can produce true knowledge.

The idiom "learning to walk in Handan" is about a young man from Yan State who went to Handan to learn from the local people during the Warring States Period. As a result, he learned to walk in Handan for several months. Not only did he not learn to walk in Handan, but he also forgot his original appearance. In the past, it was used to describe not blindly learning to walk, but now it is used to describe blindly imitating others, not only failing to learn skills, but also losing the original skills.

Reading related idiom stories after class, such as Dong Shi Xiao Xiao, can accumulate language and improve students' Chinese literacy.

Second, recitation and memory

1. Recite: Two full texts in classical Chinese. The full text of "Hurry".

2. Dictation: Two full texts in classical Chinese. accumulate over a long period of time

Read, write, write:

Remove steam, melt hairspring, transplant seedlings and wither the foundation. Fortunately, after some tests and exercises, it has been transformed into elegance, nakedness and dedication. Why not? It's full of energy.

Reading notes:

Philosophically handsome, stunned, flustered, difficult, noisy, adventurous, smart, grand, nominally weak, the vassals are suddenly crowded, unexpected, thrilling and pampered.

accumulate over a long period of time

People are not born knowing, who can have no doubt? Teacher theory

High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. Zuo zhuan

There is no beauty in the world. Mozi

Those who plant trees need to prune their roots, while those who plant virtue need to prune their hearts.

Know the sound after practicing a thousand songs, and know the instrument after watching a thousand swords. Wenxindiaolong

Third, comparative word formation.

Play (game) pay (bow to pay) debate (debate) teach (teach) aid (aid)

Give up (give up) arouse (excite) distinguish (distinguish) insult (insult) slowly (slowly)

Cang (Cang Hai) Fu (Frodo) Move (Move) Steam (Steam) Ling (Ying)

Rob (rob) Buddha (as if) accept (graceful) save (save) Ling (exquisite)

Wandering (wandering) seedlings (seedlings) forge (exercise) elegance with tomatoes.

Row (volleyball) turn (roll) satin in autumn (autumn)

Bo (vigorous) lingering (lingering) noisy (noisy) rubbing (touching) spirit (verve)

Neck (neck) rope (requirement) announcement (greeting) grinding (tempering) soul (soul)

Measures (Measures) Guilt (Guilt) Shame (Itching) Button (Hub) Small (Small)

Wrong (wrong) disease (disease) Sao (harassment) button (button) ethereal (ethereal)

Hate (hate) filth (filth) tears (tears) pile (a pile of books) which (right or wrong)

Monk (monk) tax (tax) filial piety snail (snail) cooked (cooked)

Fourth, polyphonic characters

Payment: jid? o (payment) zhuó (bow payment) and y (kindness to others) y (participation)

Yan: yàn (Swallow) yān (Yanjing) Module: mó (Fuzzy) mú (Appearance)

Dew: Lu (dew) Lu (appearance) brake: chà (instant) shā (brake)

Screen: screen (screen) screen (screen) Qu: Qu (Qu) (Opera)

Strength: Υ n (energy) Υ ng (strength) Thin: bó (thin) báo (thin plate) bò (mint)

Poor: poor (poor) poor (poor) poor (poor) poor (poor)

Verb (abbreviation of verb) fills in the blanks.

1, and fill in the appropriate verbs.

(Planting) Miao (Finding) Water Source (Inserting) Miao (Understanding) Philosophy (Watching) Performance

(Pull) Huqin (Hit) Abacus (Twist) Screw (Keep) Balance (Unlock) Button

(grinding) powder (dipping) powder (piercing) ring (pulling) ear (wiping nose)

2. Fill in the appropriate modifiers.

(1) (frozen) eye energy (huge)

Music (relaxed and elegant) (stormy applause)

An (admirable) moving (stout) old man

A (nervous) (elegant) audience of oriental acrobatics

(2) Move (quietly) (intently) and stare at (violently) shaking.

Stand (stupidly) and smile (apologetically).

Sixth, synonyms

Perception-finding a sigh-sighing especially-wandering especially-hesitating.

In a hurry-in a hurry-occasionally withered-dry foundation-foundation.

Imitation-imitation dependence-dependence on elegance-beautiful lingering-lingering

Enlightenment-enlightenment-guilt-guilt-calmness-drunkenness-drunkenness

Blame-blame simple-simple violence-violent posture-posture

Intelligent structure, sensitive lining to help the United States

Show-show small-small

Seven, antonyms

In a hurry-smart-stupid and empty-full and smart-clumsy

Wandering-decisively aware-ignoring the special-generally high-short

Believe-doubt disappears-extreme dependence-occasional independence-frequent independence

Imitation-creating greatness-small and easy-heavy and soft-hard

Panic-Calm-Panic Echo-Refutation Solid-Fragile

Blame-praise is simple-complex and weak-solid and small-great.

Unity-division

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