100 points reward: I’m very troubled about the Mandarin issue.

Mandarin pronunciation method

Keywords: Mandarin

1. Introduction to Mandarin tones

Tone is the rising and falling form of syllables. It mainly is determined by pitch. The scales in music are also determined by pitch. Therefore, the tone can be simulated by the scale, and you can also learn the tone with the help of your own sense of music. But it should be noted that the pitch of the tone is relative, not absolute; the rise and fall of the tone is sliding, not like jumping from one scale to another.

To describe the level of a tone, the fifth-degree notation is usually used: set up a vertical mark, divided into 5 degrees in the middle, with the lowest being 1 and the highest being 5.

Mandarin has four tones:

1. Yinping means Gaoping, which is represented by the fifth notation, that is, from 5 to 5, it is written as 55. The vocal cords are stretched as tight as possible without any obvious change, maintaining the pitch. For example:

Youthful glory, spring flowers blooming, company notice, new house for rent 2. Yangping is pronounced Gaosheng (or Zhongsheng), the starting sound is slightly lower than Yinping, and then rises to high. Expressed in fifths notation, rising from 3 to 5, it is written as 35. The vocal cords start from neither loose nor tight, and gradually tighten until they are the tightest. The voice is neither low nor high, but reaches the highest level. For example:

The People's Bank of China peacefully plows the fields in a circular cycle for many years

3. The upper (shang3) sound is lowered and raised, the onset is half low, first lowered and then raised, using fifths In notation, it goes from 2 down to 1 and then up to 4, which is written as 214. The vocal cords started out slightly tense, immediately relaxed, slightly lengthened, and then quickly tightened, but not to the fullest. For example:

Mutual understanding, ideals, happiness, always friendly management, good management

4. Go to the high pitch (or full flat), start the pitch, then slide down, and use fifths The notation is from 5 to 1, written as 51. The vocal cords start from tight to completely relaxed, the sound goes from high to low, and the sound length is the shortest. For example:

Next time, pay attention to the World Education Report’s success in creating profits

2. Changes in the upper tone

The upper tone is connected to the upper tone or with other tones When they are connected, they must recite the tone.

1. Recite half-up - the rising tone is spoken before the Yinping, Yangping, and Quing tones. The tone changes from 214 to 21 or 211, that is, it only falls but does not rise. Due to the rise of the rising tone The sound is low, so it is similar to a low and flat tone. For example:

Daily měitiān, yearly měinián, monthly měiyuè

2. Read straight up, like Yang Ping - the upper tone is connected to the upper tone, and the preceding upper tone becomes a rising tone, followed by Same as Yangping (or close to Yangping). The key value changes from 214 to 24 or 35. For example:

Beautiful měihao, director changzhang, leader lingdao

Tone training

1. Pronounce the following syllables according to the tones of the four Mandarin tones.

Yiyiyi Yiyi yī yí yǐ yì

Hui Hui Rui Hui huī huí huǐ huì

风风襷峰fēng féng fěng fèng

< p> Fei Fei Bandi Fei fēi féi fěi fèi

Tongtongtong tōng tóng tǒng tòng

Roundabout in the rain yū yú yǔ yù

2. Press Read the sentences in the order of yin and yang going up.

China has aspirations zhōng huá yǒu zhì

Persistence in improvement jiān chí gǎi jìn

China has great zhōng huá wěi dà

qiān chuí bǎi liàn

Bright and aboveboard guāng míng lěi luò

Flowers are red and willows are green huā hóng liǔ lǜ

3. Recite the sentences in the order of Yang and Yin (Use the upper tone and change the tone for half (Part 1)

Burn the cauldron pò fǔ chén zhōu

Tune the tiger away from the mountain diào hǔ lí shān

Self-defeating nòng qiǎo chéng zhuō

Believe it to be true xìn yǐ wéi zhēn

miraculous rejuvenation miào shǒu huí chūn

Same voice yì kǒu tóng shēng

4. Tone-changing exercises for the upper tone

1. Read half of the sentence ：

Northern běifāng textile fǎngzhī broadcast guǎngbō simple jiǎndān carriage mǎchē

knife xiǎodāo like xǐhuān beautiful měilì precious bǎoguì warm current nuǎnliú

2. Nian Yangping:

Beautiful mǎihǎo xiǎojiě only zhǐyǒu prize jiǎngpǐn archeology kǎogǔ

watch shke of brave yǒnggǎn speech yǎnjiǎng fat water pyeǔzhuǎn

Mandarin voice base Knowledge

One , Syllables and phonemes:

A syllable is a natural phonetic unit, and a Chinese character is a syllable (except for Erhuayun).

Phonemes are the smallest units of speech and can be divided into vowels and consonants.

2. Tone

Mandarin has four tones: Yinping, Yangping, rising tone and falling tone.

Hangping: Be careful not to turn.

Upper tone: When reading a word, you cannot pronounce it half-up, and you cannot make two turns. When reading a two-syllable word, if the upper tone is pronounced half way before the Yinping, Yangping, or Qu tone, it is like "like"; if the upper tone is connected with the upper tone, the preceding upper tone becomes a rising tone, the same as Yangping, such as "good" "; if the upper tone comes later, it can be read in the upper half, such as "factory".

3. Initial consonants and final consonants:

The initial consonant is the consonant at the beginning of the syllable, and the final consonant is the part after the initial consonant in the syllable.

1. Initial consonants: (21)

Biblabial sounds: b, p, m Labiodental sounds: f Lingual sounds: j, q, x

The root sounds of the tongue: g, k, h The front sounds of the tongue: z, c, s The middle sounds of the tongue: d, t, n, l

The root sounds of the tongue: zh, ch, sh, r

n is also called nasal sound, l is also called lateral sound; z, c, s is also called flat tongue sound, and zh, ch, sh, r is also called raised tongue sound.

(1) Nasal and lateral sounds

n When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue touches the upper gums, the soft palate descends, and the nasal passage is opened. The airflow vibrates the vocal cords and passes through the nasal cavity. Such as the initial consonant of "ability" and "mud".

When l is pronounced, the tip of the tongue presses against the upper gums, the soft palate rises, blocking the nasal passage, and the airflow vibrates the vocal cords and passes through both sides of the tongue. Such as the initial consonants of "Linglong" and "Louliang".

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(2) Flat tongue and raised tongue

Pick flowers - flower planting business - mulberry leaf resistance - main firewood - wood self-reliance - intelligence

Triangle - foot of the mountain Spring clothes - Village stir-fry - Grass vegetables - Vegetarian vegetable support - Resources

2. Finals: (39)

(1) Single vowels: (10)

< p>a, o, e, i, u, ü, ê, -i (front), -i (back), er (er rhyme)

Distinguish i-ü

< p>Rain - so area - meeting prediction - opinion communication - communication

(2) Compound vowels: (13)

Front-sounding compound vowels: ai, ei, ao, ou

ai cabbage, kelp, buying and selling ei equipment, North America, black mold

ao climax, report, noisy ou back building, acquisition, funnel

After the sound Compound vowels: ia, ie, ua, uo, üe

ia means price increase, dentures, suppress ie graduation, appropriate, staggering

ua flower jacket, sweet-scented osmanthus uo fault, capture alive, Generous

üe means joy, determination

Middle ringing finals: uai, uei, iao, iou

uai means breaking, outer block uei returns, returns to the team

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iao clever, little bird, dogmatic iou excellent, asking for help, butter

(3) Nasal vowels: (16)

an, en, uan, ian , en, in, un, üan

ang, eng, uang, iang, ueng, ing, ong, iong

Distinguish en-eng

Old- Achievement is profound - Generating deep plowing - Taking root Minute hand - Kite

Distinguish in-ing

Closeness - Quiet red heart - Red star name - People's belief - Happiness

Distinguish an - ang

Nvlan - the girl is romantic - romantic rhetorical question - visit worry - be careful

Clear an - ang

Move - help around - conceal next to - very busy ship Sail - Zhengfang

Worry - Natural Beach - Chicken Soup Jiangnan - Balloon Orchid - Doctor

Dry Powder - Strong Seeing - Healthy Cold - Hangzhou Possession - Zhang Luo

Maternity - Factory landscape - businessman however - shouting to participate - position

Get on the boat - three people in bed - mulberry leaves quiet - high-spirited hairpin - dirty water

Four. Sound change

1. Tone changes

(1) Tone changes in the upper tone

(2) Tone changes in "一,不"

2. Erhua rhyme

Erhua rhyme plays an active role in expressing the grammatical meaning and rhetorical color of words.

3. Softly

4. The sound change of the modal particle "ah"

Comprehensive training of single-character words (1)

1. Read single words (***10 points) (limited to 3 minutes)

Ni Se Xi Kuan Gou Mai Kiss Donkey Yun District (surname)

Bad Bang Mo Pan by Ru Zi Bo Run Hide (hide)

Look at the rescue bolt, go around and learn, pay both for the shade (both of us)

Cicinchun Bang, lead the heart to lose money, fine securities (bonds)

< p>Auntie donated phosphorus to Master Zheng to coax him (booing him) at the beginning of the massacre.

Caught the sick Qin noodles and cooked them with Rao Ou Renchai (feeling apprehensive).

The hungry man stole the sauce with an arrow and praised him. Shun's gill phase (camera)

Brother Ergen knelt down in the pond and dropped the stone on his pillow (slate)

Sneaking up to Tongtong Harbor and throwing the frame to pinch Song Pa Na (spoken voice)

The famous jujube mole prevents the next nest from drowning (beating) and taking off the winter clothes

2. Read the words (***20 minutes) (limited to 3 minutes)

Sending coffee to the Hani people in the desert on a regular basis

Practice poverty and vigorous exchanges for redress

Tenons are unique and stupid in the month of injustice

Consider the judgment of budding flower pacifiers< /p>

The search for crickets is still in vain

The cabbage champion always wins the panda radish strategy

The tasteless cultivation of happy cartilage is cheap

Therefore Harmony and usual machine tool birthday

Hanging to listen

Comprehensive training of single words (2)

1. Reading single words (***10 points) (limited to 3 minutes )

Kissing and catching a woman pregnant with a hot pot and returning it (restored) phase (camera)

Tuojun Ancunpo kang pillow abuse two (the two of us) Shi (slate)

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Avoid exaggerating, stop exaggerating, Qin Cai (interview), Ye (leaf)

Everyone who pinches holes and troubles his concubine Guang (broadcast) Stack (one stack)

< p>Love Sheng Mine except Zhang Zi Bang Xi Piao (drifting) that (colloquial voice)

Zinc Run Qiang Chong Dian will be around (future) evil (evil) hey (hey smile)

The face-to-face ordering brother asked for six (June) No (negative) Chong (the smell of wine is very strong)

The group window fell off and Rong refused Sun Jin (try your best) Narrow (narrow) Fade ( Take off the winter clothes)

The Academy of Fine Arts went to the Sui Dynasty to retting (retting), carry (carry), hold (cannot hold back)

Weng Xuan built the sea irrigation pa Yin Zeng (great-grandson) shaft (bearing) ) Tie (tie trouser legs)

2. Read words (***20 points) (limited to 3 minutes)

Develop the model's pistil pulling and coordination with Danjiaoer

Forest Pinyin Sister-in-law Station Yishuner Square

Thank you for praising both sides of the canyon for the disguise of ambition

Stupid entrance is short and hard, the hedgehog is durable

Divide boiling lies and turn the test paper

My dear panda has to be concrete and fragile

Burn the backward needs and cast lots on the bookshelf ruler

Happiness, poverty, busyness, adjustment of kindness, evenness and noise

Baoganer forget

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Comprehensive training of single-character words (3)

1. Reading single words (***10 points) (limited time: 3 minutes)

I pretend to be in trouble with Qin Qin Supply (supply) stone (slate)

Xiajie taste ah secret operation mole Xi and (merge) committee (appointment)

Runfan Erquanyong meal Yang Liu (June) Chao (dynasty) Ye (leaf)

Guess whether it is melting and cutting Riweng Rushen (denial) Thorn (sarcasm) Spread (spread)

)

The greasy dog ??bottle loses the frame aluminum bang color (color) two (we two) that (colloquial voice)

Chest pool is close to the pig pen (pig pen) pick ( Challenge) Hey (hey hey smile)

Lick jump zero shade oar rinse Xun shake (shake) Tun (tunnel troops) get (get one hour)

Liao Ke Duan Qu Diao kicking the weight once (Great-grandson) Bored (depressed) Cough (cough! How weird!)

Holding a handsome Osuo painting (oil painting) Putting aside (putting aside) Ao (cannot resist)

Kou Shun Defend against abuse Si Sheng (victory) Surrender (surrender) Tie (tie trousers)

2. Read the words (***20 points) (limited to 3 minutes)

Little Quer Fine temper, blood-stained mobilization

Beautiful safety group, right strength death

Annoying the runner-up mother-in-law in the afternoon, thank you for your stability

Shaving the bandit leader's textbook, uncle's milk obstruction

< p>Search the middle child still turning ceramic invasion

Tiller fiercely turn back nun favor special

Dimension star wide wash anytime happy

Poor people help bamboo shoots civilian hiccup children thus< /p>

Working Destiny

There are four rows of stone lions in the park. Each row has fourteen large stone lions. On the back of each large stone lion is a small stone lion. At the feet of each large stone lion They are four small stone lions. Teacher Shi led forty-four students to count the stone lions. How many large stone lions and how many small stone lions do you think *** could count?

The old dragon is angry and makes trouble with the old farmer, and the old farmer is angry and makes trouble with the old dragon. The dragon is angry when the farmers are angry with the farmers, and the dragon is angry when the farmers are angry and the dragon is afraid of the farmers.

The original poster just needs to practice more. .