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The Main Contents and Appreciation of Water Margin

Brief Introduction of Water Margin

The Water Margin is a novel with the theme of describing the ancient peasant uprising. It vividly depicts the whole process of peasant uprising from occurrence, development to failure, profoundly reveals the social roots of the uprising, enthusiastically praises the uprising hero's resistance struggle and social ideal, and specifically reveals the internal historical reasons for the failure of the uprising. The works have made great achievements in ideological content and literature and art, and the book has accumulated rich artistic experience in shaping characters. The works can firmly grasp the different background experiences of the characters and express their characters through their own language and actions, such as Wu Yong's clever calculation, Lu's loyalty and courage, jy's rudeness and boldness, Lin Chong's and Hua Rongdao's bravery and fearlessness, Shi Xiu's heroic loneliness, Yan Qing's wit and flexibility, Ximen Qing's arrogance and bravery, and Pan Jinlian's lewdness, all of which left a deep impression on people. At the same time, the works can accurately grasp the interactive relationship between characters' personality and identity, social status and life experience. For example, Lin Chong, the leopard head, was originally the head coach of the 800,000 Imperial Gun Club in Tokyo. He has a superior social status, and at the same time he is a military commander with rich combat experience. Based on this premise, the author endowed him with forbearance, compromise and perfect character, as well as courage and bravery. Under the oppression of feudal evil forces, great changes have taken place in Lin Chong's identity, status and life, which prompted his thoughts and personality to change. Therefore, the author successfully created a character who was completely unaware that he was going to rebel and finally had to rebel. The story of the novel is very strong, reaching a high level, which may be influenced by the storytelling script. Mainly reflected in the fascinating plots everywhere in the novel. For example, uprooting weeping willows, outwitting birth classes, storming temples, making a scene in Qingfeng Village, beating tigers in Jingyanggang, beating Jiang Menshen drunk, attacking Zhujiazhuang, capturing Daming House, and so on. "Water Margin" also wrote many war scenes, reappeared the strategy and tactics of the rebel army, and embodied dialectical thoughts, such as Zhu San's attack on the village and Gao Taiwei's crushing defeat. The Water Margin has a great and extensive influence. For hundreds of years, its rebellious consciousness, optimism and idealized heroic image have been enjoyed by the people and encouraged the oppressed to fight against it.

On Jianghu Culture from Water Margin

The Water Margin is an encyclopedia of rivers and lakes. Through the story of Water Margin, Jianghu artists showed the life of Jianghu to readers and listeners for the first time, which made later readers know the existence of Jianghu with new meaning in Song Dynasty for the first time. The story of Water Margin also shows readers the life struggles and ideals of the Jianghu people in the Song Dynasty, as well as their successes and failures. Therefore, the most important thing to pay attention to when learning Water Margin is the Jianghu. Without the appearance of tramps, there would be no story of Water Margin. Rivers and lakes exist because of Jianghu people. The Water Margin describes the rivers and lakes in the Song Dynasty and the time when the author lived.

_'h-r+K:a%{-P5Ubbs.ssfeng.com Water Margin is one of the earliest popular novels in China, which discusses an ancient literary problem, but it is also a very contemporary problem. Mr. Lu Xun once said in the 1930s that people still like reading The Three Kingdoms and Water Margin, because there are still "Three Kingdoms Spirit" and "Water Margin Spirit" in society. What are the "Three Kingdoms Spirit" and "Water Margin Spirit"? Investigating Mr. Lu Xun means "rogue". The word "rogue" now has a clear derogatory meaning, and its connotation and extension are not very clear. In order to reduce the controversy, I pointed out in "vagrant culture and China society" that it is "vagrant spirit", or the character and consciousness of vagrants, which is what I want to talk about today. Because of the Jianghu atmosphere in the society, these novels and some plots and emotions of dramas and TV plays adapted from them can also arouse the hidden complex of many viewers, so they are popular.

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Jianghu: the living space of vagrants

0y.r5 {9a5m8a' a' a6ybs.ssfeng.com What are the Jianghu people doing? It is a place where vagrants look for food and live. The tramp broke away from the patriarchal clan network and had nothing. They struggle for their most basic need-survival. Yulin | Forum | Wind on the River | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi) e7Y6n7J 1\2f:U, s+k9R

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/? %~.v, C & ampS% A4R # z "m & ampr Yulin | Forum | Wind on the River | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi is the first river and lake in nature. Jianghu, as a word, appeared in the pre-Qin period and originally meant rivers, lakes and seas. This is the most primitive meaning. The second is the literati rivers and lakes. This Jianghu emphasizes its humanistic significance and is a secluded place for literati to escape fame and fortune. If he loses or gets tired of fame and fortune, he will get away with it and yearn for a quiet place, which is often called Jianghu.

Third, the prodigal son's rivers and lakes are also the rivers and lakes where we are often active in words now. This kind of Jianghu is full of swords and shadows, intrigues and life-and-death struggles. In the Water Margin, when Zhang Qing and Sun Erniang, the joint shop owners on the twenty-eighth slope, invited Song Wu to dinner, the three men said, "The deeds of heroes in the Jianghu are actually murder and arson." The two escorts Song Wu were shocked and just bowed down. Song Wu also comforted them and said, "Don't be surprised when I wait for the heroes in the rivers and lakes to speak. We don't want to harm good people." . Think about it, in that Song Dynasty, what was the shady bad thing in the yamen? What bad things have you not done? What are the scandals you haven't heard of? This kind of "Jianghu" that is afraid of even going on a business trip. bbs.ssfeng.com4G-~$]:s%g5{-t

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This kind of "Jianghu" first appeared in the "Water Margin" series after the Southern Song Dynasty (referring to many literary works mainly telling the story of Sung River Group) and "Water Margin". Before these literary works, no one had used this word so much. The "rivers and lakes" mentioned in those literary and artistic works are often the rivers and lakes of literati, or the rivers and lakes in the original sense. It should be said that rivers and lakes are clearly regarded as places where heroes of rivers and lakes kill and set fires and compete for interests, starting from the Water Margin. BBS . ss feng . com . k9p % e； My number

C2`/L 1 $ @, [7A6H *} # \+Y * A What are these rivers and lakes for? It is a place where vagrants look for food and live. The tramp broke away from the patriarchal clan network and had nothing. They struggle for their most basic need-survival. They practice with their bare hands and rely on their own intelligence, strength, courage and courage to survive, be safe and develop. Therefore, this Jianghu doesn't have the spirit of being detached from the world like a scholar-bureaucrat Jianghu. There are not only struggles here, but also no rules that mainstream social struggles should follow. Wind Forum in the Fortress &; p《s3d》K8K2G； w

The Jianghu of street children is a hidden society suppressed by the mainstream society. The mainstream society is a ruling society, which is composed of rulers, scholars, farmers and industry and commerce. People in mainstream society openly engage in activities according to the rules formulated by the rulers. Jianghu is a secret society unknown to people in the mainstream society, and it is a unique game rule. Most of the Jianghu people are regarded by the rulers as heterogeneous or even bandits, and their rules are quite different from those allowed by the rulers. Therefore, it is extremely natural to be suppressed and rejected by the mainstream society, and naturally it is in a latent and semi-latent state. Yulin | Forum | Shangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi, x) i3R&; r+l*h

1D6n6u！ J*X"u Yulin | Forum | For example, in Water Margin, the water margin, the water margin, Erlong Mountain, Shaohua Mountain, Qingfeng Mountain and Duiying Mountain are tangible, while the vagrants are invisible rivers and lakes in the pursuit of a life. After the Song Dynasty, the closer to modern times, the more kinds of this tangible secret organization. But rivers and lakes cover much more than that. These are vagrants who engage in illegal activities, and there are also vagrants who engage in legal activities in the rivers and lakes, such as writers, singers, and practitioners who sell medicines and see doctors on the street. They don't engage in illegal activities, and their services are often necessary for people living in mainstream society. But in the eyes of the rulers, these vagrants are by no means good citizens, but also aliens that must be guarded against. Sometimes they even restricted their activities to a certain extent through supervision or strict laws, such as the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty.

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Generally speaking, Jianghu is invisible, but Jianghu people can feel its existence. We also see from the Water Margin that rivers and lakes do exist. Let me give you some examples. For example, Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou. In a hotel, the owner of the hotel told him that there was a rich man in my village named Chai, who was called "Chief Chai Officer" here and "Little Whirlwind" in the Jianghu. It is worth noting that "Little Whirlwind" is the nickname of Chai Jin. I don't think Chai Jin will write the word "little whirlwind" when he contacts the mainstream society and gives business cards to dignitaries and literati, because the word "little whirlwind" only belongs to rivers and lakes. It can be seen from here that there are rivers and lakes. Sung River on the Jianghu should be called Little Whirlwind when he sees Chai Jin, while people like Classical and Wang Lun can communicate with each other by the nickname Little Whirlwind when they see Chai Jin or Chai Jin. But it is absolutely impossible in the mainstream society. People in the mainstream society regard people with such nicknames as bandits and are suppressed. When rulers want to suppress someone, they often give him a Jianghu nickname. Zhi Zhai Liu Gao of Qingfeng Village is bent on framing Sung River. After catching Song Jiang, Song Jiang called himself Zhang San, a good citizen, and came here to do business. Gao Liu wanted to turn him into a thief, so he was called "Yuncheng Tiger Zhang San" when he was archiving Song Jiang. With nicknames, you can see that they are Jianghu people, and Jianghu people are not far from bandits. BBS . ss feng . com)_ 4W(v； A: OK.

* T 'J D. O% D4L2 Yulin | Forum | Traffic jam | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | There is another code word in Shaanxi Jianghu, which is Jianghu slang. Jianghu slang has begun to appear in Water Margin, but not many. By the Ming Dynasty, especially after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, until the Qing Dynasty, slang and secret words were in a state of flooding. Thousands of secret words are recorded in the "Underwater" of the Heaven and Earth Society. There are not many in Water Margin. For example, worship is called "cut" (because the pronunciation of "worship" is close to "lost", which is unlucky for tramps), and sitting on the floor is called "tower squat" and so on.

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+|. g+M7a1f+d: [-gbbs. ssfeng.com This is a Jianghu slang. Only Jianghu people use it for internal communication. For more than 20 years, people have been tired of the lack of revolutionary discourse in the Cultural Revolution and are curious about language, so they have absorbed words from popular novels, as well as some Jianghu slang and argots popular in the lower classes, such as "big shots", "big money" and "walking holes", which have become very popular words. Many foreign youths have more contacts with Jianghu artists when learning China language, thinking that these are the popular living languages in China. They studied a lot in China and worked hard to learn the language of China. As a result, they learned a lot of rogue habits and thought they had mastered the essence of China language. West Wind Forum/[/[/O7P &；; X-Y(| 1B，@

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Rivers and lakes also have their own public opinion and moral evaluation. There are many such examples, which are often seen when reading Water Margin. Liangshan heroes often say that you can't do something, or you will eat jokes from Jianghu heroes. This belongs to the Jianghu public opinion. Jianghu has its own moral evaluation and value standard, which is different from mainstream society. BBS . ss feng . com . r $ t7o； s0u0y/Z“u”k

2b+V$_:c 1[0O6y Yulin | Forum | Zhashangfeng | Shanbei | Desert | Jianghu in Shaanxi has its own information channel, which will soon spread among Jianghu people. For example, after Lin Chong went to Liang Shan, he was suppressed by Wang Lun. This matter has long been known in the Jianghu. I said in an article that it seems that rivers and lakes also have their own media, and some things spread quickly. Why? Because Jianghu is the living space for Jianghu people and vagrants, vagrants flow frequently. So some things, some news spread quickly. In many ways, it is certain that rivers and lakes are not virtual, not created by artists, but real in life. Yulin | Forum | Wind on the River | Shanbei | Desert | Shannxi 8 | "r0y' f5p.j * q&; b

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In patriarchal society, most people (mainly farmers) live on their own land steadily. It is not only vagrants who are forced out of order (out of the mainstream social order), but also scholars and businessmen who can flow. bbs.ssfeng.com0~5]4d-w$w n7v

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If someone has to ask what rivers and lakes are and where they are. I said that rivers and lakes are in villages and towns; In the bustling streets, but also in the cold and closed Shan Ye; On the road extending in all directions, it is also in the vast lakes and seas. In other words, where there are Jianghu people, there are Jianghu people struggling for survival.

Many places in Water Margin have written about Jianghu. For example, there is an orator in Sangjiawazi, Dongjing, who speaks Pinghua in the Three Kingdoms. In Goulan, Yuncheng County, Bai Xiuying went there to sing Zhu Gong minor; On the street of Weizhou, a man named Jong Li is playing tricks. Xue Yong, a pest in Jieyang town, is playing with a gun and a stick to get enough food and clothing. These places have become rivers and lakes because of the struggle of Jianghu people. In terms of space, streets, villages, roads, lakes and seas can be rivers and lakes, or they can not be rivers and lakes. The key is whether it is the place where Jianghu people live. Plug in the wind forum 5I! D+i*l9s

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So what is a Jianghu person? Are the ordinary people we often talk about the lower class people living in towns? I said no, let alone a patriarchal farmer curled up in the countryside. The fundamental difference is that Jianghu people are mobile; Ordinary people and patriarchal farmers are basically motionless. There is an opening poem "Xijiang Moon" circulating among storytellers, which describes their life and mentality. It says, "A piece of wood is a career, and a fan is a career. Rivers, lakes and seas are home, and the abbot is not afraid of wind and waves. " It can be seen from the first half of the Jianghu artist's self-report "Xijiang Moon" that Jianghu people are "homeless everywhere". Ordinary people and farmers who prefer boys to girls are not mobile, and they will not follow the Jianghu artists after listening to books and watching plays. There may be some, but few, groupies. Yulin | Forum | Shangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi-|&; K 1^4w.~ & ampx 1C3T+S

/h/H*{ 1V*S Wind Forum in Jianghu. In patriarchal society, most people (mainly farmers) live on their own land steadily. It is not only vagrants who are forced out of order (out of the mainstream social order), but also scholars and businessmen who can flow. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the mobility of scholars has become a common phenomenon, forming a number of "wanderers". Later, the situation of national reunification was formed. Although scholars could not move like during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, they had to study and travel all over the country if they wanted to be an official.

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5B$Y*a4M3r7M/u.b c Yulin | Forum | Traffic jam | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | As reserve officials, Shaanxi scholar-officials are part of the ruling class, and the rulers rely on them to rule China. Generally speaking, the reunification of China is still the mainstream of history. One of the most important points is that there are floating literati. The official tour system not only ensures the unity of the country politically, but also promotes the integration of cultures of various regions and ethnic groups. Scholars have brought culture from advanced areas to backward areas. In the process of cultural communication, literati and officialdom played a decisive role. In ancient times, academic qualifications were a very important indicator for evaluating officials. Some responsible officials generally attach importance to culture and education, which will inevitably lead to changes in local social and cultural customs, and some barbaric primitive relics will inevitably be eliminated. Such examples are recorded in history. Therefore, the mobility of literati can not turn them into Jianghu people, nor will it constitute a "Jianghu" that subverts the mainstream society. Yulin | Forum | Zhashangfeng | Shanbei | Desert | Shannxi 4] # p1m4u&; } 1? 7b

-w8M4^.？ 5@*M, P-v3p Yulin | Forum | Traffic on the Wind | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Although tourists in Shaanxi are not as good as wanderers, as one of the "four great families", their mobile business activities will not be strongly supported by the mainstream society in ancient China that discriminated against businessmen, but they will not be particularly suppressed. Some dynasties suppressed businessmen, which was related to the low social productivity at that time. For example, there was a "cheap business order" in the early Han Dynasty and early Jin Dynasty. Merchants in the early Han Dynasty were not allowed to wear silk to ride horses. In the early Jin Dynasty, businessmen were ordered to wear two kinds of shoes, one black and the other white. After all, this situation is relatively rare, and the most fundamental thing is that the income of businessmen through mobile pursuit is much higher than that of farmers and craftsmen. Mobility satisfies the businessman's pursuit of wealth, and he will not risk his life against the mainstream society. So businessmen will not flow into rivers and lakes in large numbers. The vast majority of vagrants are still composed of bankrupt patriarchal farmers, who are the main body of the rivers and lakes. Yulin | Forum | Zhashangfeng | Shanbei | Desert | Shanbei 6G-k7e7f, ~ N R U-t0Y*|

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The ideology reflected in Water Margin is vagrant. You can understand Shuihu's attitude towards women by looking at Ah Q's attitude towards women. The tramp has no family, and the criminal tramp loses the possibility of getting married, so he doesn't understand women, which breeds a kind of abnormal hostility.

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* n4a0.g (p.a0v-c (z7n: g Yulin | Forum | Zhashangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi Water Margin) is a story about the success or failure of vagrants. But as far as the specific plot is concerned, it describes the lives of various Jianghu people. We say that tramps are the main body of Jianghu people, and many tramps are also written in Water Margin.

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* * * Chairman 1926 wrote the article "Analysis of the Peasant Class in China and its Attitude towards Revolution", which divided vagrants into five categories, namely, soldiers, bandits, thieves, beggars and prostitutes. My understanding of tramps is broader than what Chairman Mao said. When he said rural areas just now, I included cities, including vagrants who make a living legally.

u-C4H7{8？ A8~2H-x Yulin | Forum | Zhashangfeng | Shanbei | Desert | There are many "thieves" written in the water margin in Shaanxi (not after Juyi, because they can all be said to be "thieves" behind Shangliang Mountain), such as Shaohua Mountain, Taohua Mountain, Erlong Mountain and other mountain strongmen and slaves, all of which are gangs; There are also people who go it alone, such as Zhang Heng, Tong Wei, He Zhong, Sun Erniang, who runs a black shop, and thieves. There are many reasons for them to embark on this road, such as losing their industry and having no choice but to do it; Some have taken legal action for various reasons and taken refuge in the mountains and seas; More because there is no capital in doing business. Their greatest wish is to make their career bigger and let the government do nothing for them. Of course, there are also many vagrants who do not engage in illegal activities. They are not people who harm the people, but Jianghu people who make a living in the Jianghu. They have left the clan network, left the countryside, have no proper jobs, and have no guarantee of life. They wander around the rivers and lakes, wandering around, belonging to the most unstable life, and may be involved in anti-social activities at any time and anywhere. For example, Mr. Dai, who killed someone in his hometown and fled abroad, and Li Kui JY of a small prison; Song Wu, who injured talents and escaped this disaster; Liu Tang, who roamed the rivers and lakes since childhood and met the heroes of the rivers and lakes; Selling sheep and horses can't go back to Shi Xiu, where my hometown lives on firewood; Xue Yong, a street performer, and so on. 108 most of the generals are refugees, about 50 people, accounting for nearly half. Why is Water Margin a story about the success or failure of a tramp? Judging from the main characters in the book, they are mainly homeless. I object to the theory of peasant uprising, not only because there are no peasants among Liangshan heroes, but more importantly, the most important demand of peasants, that is, the demand for land, is not put forward in the Water Margin. Isn't it strange to risk your life to rebel and not want the land you like? Yulin | Forum | River Traffic | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi &; v3 \)} 0V-p/K； one

#u3B.e6S:M(e.P9S) When people talk about vagabonds in Shangfeng Forum, they often forget Gao Qiu. He is a prodigal son who has settled down. He doesn't have a proper job, but only helps near Tokyo. Later, he was sent to Tokyo for participating in fraud. Later, he was pardoned and can go back to Tokyo. No one in Tokyo took him in. Later, he was able to return to Tokyo and become a follower. Because of his good opportunity, he was valued by Hui Zong and became rich. He belongs to those vagrants who can change their families. Why did the refugees in the water margin not envy him, but exposed him as the representative of the "four treacherous court officials" at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty? There are two reasons: first, the source of official positions is incorrect, and second, the background is too low. Don't look at the tramp itself as a group abandoned by society. Many of them are in the same boat and look down on the same background. Liangshan heroes generally believe that fame can be justified only by one knife and one shot, just as the champion and Jinshi who pass the imperial examination will be respected by the society. And Gao Qiu, just playing football, is naturally considered a lucky villain. And because of his humble origins, he was naturally regarded as a disaster (in fact, according to the records of Song history, Gao Qiu's misdeeds were not many, and Li Bangyan was met by Song Huizong because he could play football. His father is a silversmith. Being good at dealing with the market, he became prime minister since he was named "Li prodigal son", and the people regarded him as a "national thief". The history books don't say that Gao Qiu is good at playing football. Perhaps Gao Qiu "gained fame" and transplanted Li Bangyan's story to him. Plug in the wind forum. w！ s 1M7N3N

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Bai Xiuying, who was engaged in performing arts activities in Yuncheng County and was killed by Lei Heng, was also a vagrant. Even Yan Poxi and his family are homeless. Yan Poxi can sing, and she wandered to Yuncheng County with her parents. She wanted to stay here, but her father died of illness in Yuncheng. Mother and daughter didn't have the money to buy a coffin, so they sold Yan Poxi to Song Jiang cheaply and became the outer room of Song Jiang. But the author has no sympathy for Yan Poxi, a tramp, because she doesn't belong to the system of Song Jiang and Liang Shan, and makes things difficult for Song Jiang with the intention of betraying Liang Shan. Naturally, it is heinous, so she was killed. Bai Xiuying and Yan Poxi are both Jianghu artists, but there is a tramp's attitude towards women. Many people are puzzled by the attitude of Water Margin towards young women. Some researchers even think that Shi Naian must be a love loser. He has suffered the loss of women, so he is so hostile to young women. In fact, the ideology reflected in Water Margin is vagrant. You can understand Shuihu's attitude towards women by looking at Ah Q's attitude towards women. Vagrants don't have families, and criminal vagrants lose the possibility of getting married, so they don't understand women, especially young women, which breeds a kind of abnormal hostility. In "Bandits in the Republic of China" written by an Englishman, Beth Fei pointed out that bandits think that women are the root of misfortune, not only male bandits, but also female bandits, who will kill women first in case of major crisis. Therefore, the young women written in Water Margin rarely come to a good end, even the female tramp is no exception.

There are also many wandering intellectuals in the Water Margin, that is, vagrants with a little culture. The economic development in Song Dynasty demanded more and more culture. The standardization and popularization of imperial examinations encouraged more people to receive education. The improvement of papermaking and the development of block printing make books easy to obtain. Books in the Tang dynasty are very scarce, and people who have studied for generations like Han Yu do not have a complete set of books. They envy Li Bi's collection and encourage friends to study at his home. In this case, the education in the Tang Dynasty was very narrow. Its imperial examination system is also early, and the admission area is very small. By the Song Dynasty, these conditions had changed greatly, and its cultural popularization was much higher than that of the Tang Dynasty. In this way, the number of scholars has soared, but the way out for scholars has not changed much, and they are still officials. Although the number of imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty increased greatly and the number of officials was far more than that in the Tang Dynasty, there were still a large number of scholars who could not be officials. Rich people can be hermits, well-connected people can go to officialdom, capable people can be attached to rich and powerful people, and some have lost hope of being officials, sunk into the bottom of society, and traveled between urban and rural areas to make a living by various proper or improper means. They are wandering intellectuals. Such people, such as Wu Yong and Gongsun Sheng, are written in Water Margin. Their educational level may not be very high, but they all need a little knowledge of Taoism and Yin and Yang to become spiritual leaders in the team. Many popular novels are written by people who rebel, and there is often a "yin and yang division" in the team (to advise on marching and fighting). Ouyang Xiu finally wrote a book to the Emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, saying that since the founding of the People's Republic of China more than 100 years ago, social unrest, burning, killing and looting did not form a big force, because there were no such figures involved. This is practical. West Wind Forum: t, q # {2x) k; Oh! M)B

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The Water Margin is an encyclopedia of rivers and lakes. Through the story of Water Margin, Jianghu artists showed the life of Jianghu to readers and listeners for the first time, which made later readers know the existence of Jianghu with new meaning in Song Dynasty for the first time. The story of Water Margin also shows readers the life struggles and ideals of the Jianghu people in the Song Dynasty, as well as their successes and failures. Therefore, the most important thing to pay attention to when learning Water Margin is the Jianghu. Without the appearance of tramps, there would be no story of Water Margin. As mentioned earlier, Jianghu people exist. "Water Margin" describes the rivers and lakes in the Song Dynasty and the time when the author lived. I think the novel Water Margin was born a little earlier in the middle of Ming Dynasty, so the Jianghu life written in the book also includes the Jianghu in the early Ming Dynasty.

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S4 of 8U/L {)}) o; ~bbs.ssfeng.com's novel "The Water Margin" and related literary forms, such as drama and rap, have popularized Jianghu knowledge among the lower classes in China. The Water Margin not only reflects the life of Jianghu people, but also is regarded as a standard by Jianghu people. With vivid story images, the author explains that at that time, he was lucky enough to be autocratic, the military attache was oppressed, the officials had no way out, and justice could not be done, showing the corruption of officialdom and the darkness of society, thus affirming the rationality of Liangshan hero's rebellion. This is unprecedented in China's ideological and cultural history. Prior to this, there was no positive example of praising the courage to resist and dare to resist in all written works. As the mainstream ideology of society, Confucianism maintains social stability, while Confucius opposes crime and insurrection. Other ideologies, such as Taoism and Buddhism, also advocate that people should live in their own places. It is rare for a literary work like Water Margin to praise the tramp's rebellion in a positive way. Basically, there is no. So I think it was first put forward by Water Margin.

"S/x.I9i2l-Q$~ 1L(V Yulin | Forum | Shangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | The Water Margin in Shaanxi also influenced the audience through the words it created. Many words in the book have become buzzwords, active in the oral speech of later generations, and even become a guide for people to understand society and behavior. For example, the word "hero" existed in the Tang Dynasty, but at that time it mostly referred to literati, while "Water Margin" specifically referred to chivalrous men. This meaning is generally accepted by later generations. After the Water Margin, people called those brave men who dared to commit crimes and were somewhat loyal as "heroes". In the past, we met a robber, and you didn't know what to call him. Now you can call him a hero. Another example is highway robbery and burglary, which always feels bad. With the story of Water Margin, people know that "ill-gotten wealth can be taken without hindrance", which is correct in the context of Water Margin. Therefore, anyone who robs people and money takes this as a saying. Who earned this "ill-gotten wealth"? Anyway, depending on the usurper, it actually becomes the "robber logic" of others, such as Juyi, Jianghu, making peace, going to Liangshan, forcing Liangshan to do justice for heaven, eating wine in an urn, eating meat in chunks and so on. It not only reflects the ideology of vagrants, but also expresses their yearning.

/p9Q！ V8N，h7h/V3_。 J Yulin | Forum | Traffic on the Wind | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Water Margin The rivers and lakes in Shaanxi are rich and vivid, which has a very wide influence on its audience. Lu Xun said that our society has the spirit of "Water Margin" and "Three Kingdoms", which is of course caused by many reasons, and it cannot be denied that the widespread spread of "Water Margin" is also one of the reasons. Qian Daxin, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, said in True Custom that "there is one religion besides the three religions", and that is "novel teaching". Extreme novels have a great influence on people's minds. This is also the case now. Therefore, writers of popular art should have a sense of social responsibility and be more cautious. Regrettably, some creators of popular art, whose historical concepts and ideas are even backward ancient Jianghu artists, put their works produced under the guidance of this idea on the screen, and their social effects can only be negative. (This article is excerpted from a speech by researcher Wang Xuetai at the China Museum of Modern Literature. )

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