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How to write a manuscript to its essence People’s Daily Blog
Good manuscripts come from revisions. After the article is drafted, it must be carefully revised. Great writers throughout the ages have paid great attention to the revision of articles. Lafargue said in the article "Remembering Marx": "Marx would never publish a work that had not been carefully processed and carefully considered by him. He could not tolerate the idea of ????making unfinished things available to the public." Comrade Mao Zedong was a great critic of Mao Zedong. The editor of the article talked about his own opinions: "After the article is written, I don't read it a few times, just like looking in the mirror after washing my face, and publish it carelessly. The result is that I wrote a thousand words and digressed thousands of miles, as if I was a genius. , In fact, it harms people everywhere." Ouyang Xiu, a great writer in the Tang Dynasty, posted his work on the wall and kept reading and revising it, because he said that if he didn't revise the article to perfection, "it's not because he is afraid of future generations." Mr. Lu Xun once said: "After writing, read it at least twice, and try your best to delete dispensable words, sentences, and paragraphs without any regrets." All these teachings say that for the sake of readers and future generations, we must Improve the article and make it even better. The first completed article manuscript is just a "rough". Only after careful craftsmanship can it become an exquisite "product". Official documents and agency documents are important tools for handling official affairs, and they must be revised repeatedly. 1.
Revision is a thinking activity and behavioral process of reviewing the first draft, elaborating, adjusting, verifying, deleting, and adding until it is finalized.
The first draft can be roughly divided into: a preliminary draft and a final draft.
The so-called "rudimentary first draft" is to write your own ideas into a document based on the outline. It is usually called a "draft". It has many major "symptoms" that need to be revised. Major surgery”, sometimes even requiring a complete overhaul. The reason is either that my level of understanding is inconsistent with the leadership's intentions, or that there is a large distance between my writing level and my own wishes.
The so-called "final draft" means that the processing and arrangement of the article materials and the expression of the writing efforts have been basically finalized. There is no need to perform "major surgery", and only the existing omissions, poor expressions, etc. Make refinements, corrections and additions.
The degree of modification depends on the text and the person. Everything depends on the difficulty and writing level of the writing. The revision of the article actually reflects the deepening and improvement of the author's understanding of the field of thinking. All writing masters attach great importance to revision. Zheng Xie, a writer, calligrapher and painter in the Qing Dynasty, said in his "Preface to Ci Chao": "Writing requires careful consideration in order to achieve the right result." This is what he said. "Thousands of considerations" refers to the thinking activities in the revision stage, and "seeking for one thing" refers to the perfect state that writing thinking strives to achieve. 2.
Key points of revision
Revising official documents mainly focuses on careful consideration from five aspects: theme, viewpoint, material, structure, and language.
Whether the point of view is correct: When revising the article, pay attention to whether the basic point of view of the manuscript conforms to objective laws. If it is one-sided or absolute, it must be corrected.
Is the theme clear? An official document must have a very clear purpose before it is written. What problems are to be explained and solved must be clearly stated. To test whether the theme is clear, first check whether the manuscript grasps the key issues and provides clear answers to the key questions. Whether the entire text is centered around this key issue. This is a big problem. If there are problems in this aspect of the manuscript, the manuscript must be revised comprehensively and carefully. Secondly, we should pay attention to that an official document can only have one center. You cannot write everything side by side and try to solve all problems together. This will delay the solution of the main problems. Therefore, when you find such problems, you should delete the redundant ones and stick to working on the main problems only. Third, pay attention to whether the selected materials can illustrate the problem. If the materials do not match the theme, it will make a joke and greatly weaken the persuasiveness of the article. Therefore, the selected materials must be typical, otherwise they must be replaced. When you have key issues, you have sufficient materials that can explain the problem, and you also need to have sufficient scientific analysis and argumentation to integrate the viewpoints and materials, make the materials and examples closely linked to the viewpoints, fully demonstrate the viewpoints, and make the viewpoints clear and well-founded. .
Whether the material is reliable: the material in the official document must be reliable, the official document is not a novel, and the material must be completely consistent with the actual situation.
Because the materials in the official documents are the key to the survival of the opinions, if the materials are untrue and the opinions are untenable, the manuscript will be completely destroyed. Therefore, the authenticity and accuracy of the materials must be reviewed before writing the manuscript, and it must be reviewed again and again after writing. Otherwise, no matter how wonderful the writing is, the document will not be persuasive and authoritative.
Whether the structure is clear: When revising the official document, pay attention to whether the format of the official document is correct and complete. Whether the different characteristics of each type of writing are captured accurately and reflected in the text. In addition, check whether the document hierarchy is clear. Whether it conforms to the thinking habits of most people; whether the connection between paragraphs is close; whether the beginning and the end are connected; whether the transition is natural; whether there is any repetition or disconnection from the center of the full text. If there are any above structural problems, they must be corrected one by one.
Whether the language is accurate, concise, and fluent: The language of official documents must first be accurate. Ambiguous official documents make people confused. Therefore, if it is found during revision that some concepts are unclear or prone to ambiguity, they must be revised. For example, "removed from office" is written with a derogatory meaning instead of a derogatory one. Another example is that the quantifiers in official documents must be accurate. If the thickness of a tree is written as "thick as a bowl" or "thick as two arms", it will not work. It must be written as a tree that is several years old and scientifically calculated based on annual rings. The restrictions on the use of language must be clear, such as "the student union must support students' requests." It is not acceptable to leave no restrictions on "requests" and should be limited to "reasonable requests." Secondly, the language used in official documents must be appropriate. If during revision, it is found that the tone, formulation, and emotion of each genre are inappropriate for the genre, the inappropriate language must be revised. The language of official documents must be simple, not trendy, and do not abuse modifications. Language, pay attention to the text. Pay attention to the standards when using special nouns, time, place, names, and numbers. Do not use abbreviations indiscriminately. For example, it is not acceptable to use "Fa University" or "Minzu University" in official documents. Instead, use "China University of Political Science and Law" or "Minzu University of China". ". "Beijing Municipal People's Congress" and "Beijing Municipal Political Consultative Conference" also apply to "Beijing Municipal People's Congress" and "Beijing Municipal Political Consultative Conference". The expression of time must be in the form of "×year×month×day", "morning×pm×minute", "pm×pm×minute" or "×day×point" based on 24 hours per day. 3.
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