How to strengthen the teaching of cultural background knowledge in English teaching

First of all, we should strengthen the teaching of cultural background knowledge.

Language is a special social and cultural phenomenon, and it is a custom established by people in their long-term social life practice.

It's over. Every language is produced and developed in a specific social and historical environment, so every language

Each language reflects the unique language of the countries and nations that use it in different social and historical periods.

Phenomenon. For example, in English, "Ladies first, thanks, homecoming, girls".

LeagueDance, san dwich ",etc.; Young Pioneers, Black Five, Smelly Laojiu, One Country, Two China ".

System, leap to a new level "and so on, these are all produced in a specific social and historical environment. If you let Han go

The English translation of "Young Pioneers, Uncle Police, Mooncakes" is: "Young Pioneers, Uncle Li Po.

Cheman, moon cakes. These words are simple and common, but it is difficult for foreigners to understand because they can't.

Understand the relevant cultural background. Similarly, we will encounter similar problems in learning English. For example: "You

Yes, indent, a lucky one ",if translated into Chinese literally, it is:" You are really a

A lucky guy. "This is totally a curse in Chinese." The word "dog" is considered by people in China.

Defamatory, such as "running dog", "mangy dog", "son of a bitch", "dog head strategist" and so on,

Used to describe people you hate. However, in English, this sentence means, "You are a lucky man." "Dog"

When used here, it means that people not only don't swear, but also express a close relationship. in the U.S

Dogs are family members. People think it often contains praise and goodwill. Therefore, the same word is in different languages.

Different meanings in cultural background. If we want to master and use a language, we must know how to produce it.

Society, learn the culture of this society. Otherwise, we can't understand and use this language correctly.

Language is a tool of social communication. Language has many functions, but the most basic and main function is.

Its communication function. "Nine-year compulsory full-time junior high school English syllabus" points out: Middle school English

The purpose of English teaching is to enable students to acquire basic English knowledge and behavior through training in listening, speaking, reading and writing.

Ability to communicate in English. In order to achieve this goal, teachers must teach students two kinds of practical knowledge.

One is the basic knowledge of English, and the other is the application of English communication knowledge and rules. Only let students do the same.

Only by mastering the above two kinds of knowledge can we give full play to the social communication function of English. I think this is right.

This is the fundamental difference between mother tongue teaching and foreign language teaching. Paying attention to the former and ignoring the latter will often lead to "high"

"Low-energy" students, because only students who have mastered book knowledge, their English is in the absence of society and

Learning in a cultural environment, once facing the society and entering a strange cultural environment, they are

When you actually use a language, you will encounter many difficulties and even fail to communicate normally. For example:

When students see foreigners in the street or shops, they will ask, "Hello! Where are you from?

From where? What's your name? How old are you? Where are you from? What's your name and how old are you? )"

These unexpected questions will embarrass foreigners and they don't know whether to answer them.

How to answer. In some countries, such a series of problems are generally confined to hospitals, immigration offices and police stations.

It is only used in such places.

Due to cultural differences, some sentences and words are misunderstood and translated by mother tongue translation.

There will be a lot of laughter. For example, "gobble" means "gobble" in English, which is actually wrong.

Mistranslated as "wolfing down"; "High School" in English

Chinese) "translated as" institutions of higher learning "; Lounge "translates into" Lounge "and so on.

Due to different cultural backgrounds, even if the language is accurate, sometimes misunderstandings will occur. For example, students seem to

Seeing the foreign teacher, out of courtesy, I want to make a phone call and say, "Hi! Mrs Murphy, where are you going?

Hello, Mrs. Murphy! Where are you going? ) "This sentence is normal in China, in

British and American people seem to be impolite, and even considered to be intentionally interfering in other people's private affairs.

In the past foreign language teaching, we often paid attention to the teaching of language knowledge and ignored it.

Cultural background knowledge plays an important role in language, and most of the students have a good vocabulary.

I have a good knowledge of grammar, but sometimes I lack the ability to use the language correctly in different occasions.

Use the communicative habits of the mother tongue to apply a foreign language, even joking. For example, an interpreter accompanied an American guest to dinner.

When they tasted the delicious dishes in China, the translator said in English, "What's the staple food?

Do you want it? It means, "What staple food do you want to eat?" "Translation from pronunciation to English.

Grammar is almost impeccable, but it puzzles Americans, because Americans usually eat the most in a meal.

Many foods are called staple foods, and they eat a lot of meat-based dishes, so this question was given to the translator.

Feel puzzled. However, no matter how many courses people eat in China, rice and pasta are always the staple foods.

This is the difference between eastern and western cultures. If you don't understand this difference, even if you master the correct vocabulary and language.

There will also be mistakes in the application of laws in communication, which is mainly due to ignorance of American food culture.

It can be seen that language and culture are inseparable, and it is impossible to be correct without understanding the cultural background of a foreign language.

Understand and use foreign languages. The eastern and western societies are formed and developed on the basis of different cultures, so people

Children's thoughts, beliefs, customs and so on are different to varying degrees. Therefore, I think that in English teaching,

Not only should students master the basic knowledge, but also strengthen the teaching of relevant cultural background knowledge, which is not acceptable.

It can only enable students to overcome the interference of their mother tongue, develop good thinking habits and "live" English to achieve their goals.

The purpose of English teaching in middle schools is to help students integrate eastern and western cultures and improve their cultural literacy.

Second, how to strengthen the teaching of cultural background knowledge

Culture is the sum of spiritual wealth and material wealth created by human beings in the process of social and historical development. Mudao

So far, cultural background knowledge has not formed special knowledge in our country, which can be said to be a subject.

Comprehensive miscellaneous studies are the basis for reflecting the characteristics of different countries and nationalities in different historical periods.

Common sense. From the teaching point of view, according to the communicative principle of language, it should be an integral part of practice class.

The teaching of cultural background knowledge should be a kind of teaching closely combined with language practice, which should generally be the same as the practice class.

Step by step, not divorced from reality. In other words, the purpose of imparting cultural background knowledge is to

Make students understand English more deeply and use English more appropriately. Therefore, I think strengthening cultural background knowledge

The principles and methods of teaching mainly include the following points:

(A) English teachers must constantly improve their cultural literacy. Cultural background knowledge is all-encompassing, from

Broadly speaking, it includes politics, economy, history, geography, literature, art, religion and learning in foreign language countries.

Customs, etiquette, morality, ethics, psychology and all aspects of social life; In a narrow sense, language is text.

Everyday language, proper nouns, idioms and allusions, folk proverbs, forms and other important carriers of culture.

Silent language such as emotion can reflect a lot of cultural background knowledge. We can make friends with foreign countries.

Friends, dabble in various forms of literary works, watch wonderful foreign movie videos and appreciate the elegance of foreign countries.

We can learn about foreign cultures through various channels, such as literature and songs. Although I have studied and lived in the United States for a year, I still have deep feelings.

Lack of knowledge in this field. Therefore, as a foreign language teacher, we must constantly learn and improve ourselves.

Only in this way can we "live" teaching English.

(2) Language teaching and cultural background knowledge teaching should be closely combined at the same time. The latter should be the former.

Service, not the other way around. Therefore, the teaching of cultural background knowledge must focus on foreign languages.

The principle of practicality and communication in teaching, so as to achieve intensive teaching and more practice, vivid image.

(3) random lectures. Because there is no special course of cultural background knowledge in middle schools at present,

Therefore, we can only talk about the contents involved in the existing textbooks, with the focus on explaining those "background significance"

Vocabulary and communication terms ",in addition to its conceptual part, should also clarify the cultural background knowledge it contains."

Knowledge, sometimes expand its knowledge content appropriately, and talk about some related foreign customs and frequent exchanges by the way.

Knowledge, etc. There are many culture-related words in textbooks that can be excavated and taught. For example:

"Name, sports, business, you can also practice communication on what you have learned. For example, when talking about

When using the word "floor", students should be told that it can be used as both "floor" and "floor".

"This building has seven floors." However, the expressions in Britain and America are different.

China also said so, and Britain called the second floor the first floor, and the fourth floor the third floor.

Floor ",the first floor is called" ground floor ". And in Britain and America, people don't like 13.

Numbers are considered unlucky (for religious reasons). So some high-rise buildings and hotels don't have 13 floors.

Building, no room 13, 12 followed by 14.

(4) Comparison of differences. The differences between Chinese and western cultures should be the focus of teaching. Especially for English beginners.

Students always like to translate their mother tongue into a foreign language, which often becomes a potential obstacle to using English in the future.

Obstruct Therefore, in teaching, teachers should not only explain the cultural background knowledge of vocabulary, but also

In addition, it should be compared with the mother tongue properly, so that students can understand the differences between the two cultures and master them correctly.

Methods of using English. In teaching, we can divide the content involved in the textbook into two parts by comparison.

Category: First, basic necessities of life. Including shopping, food, transportation, school, family and so on.

The second is socializing. Including: greetings, salutations, introductions, thanks, interviews, guidance, appointments, farewell, etc. While introducing some cultural background knowledge to students, it focuses on the differences between Chinese and western cultures.

Cultural differences between Britain and America. For example, when answering compliments from others, people in China are often too modest. For example:

When people praise you, they say, "You speak a foreign language very well!" " China people often answer "where, where, right.

Not so good. "or" no, not nearly! And the British and Americans will use "thank you". "or.

"Thank you for saying so." And so on. If you answer in Chinese, the other party will

I think you think he just told a lie and made a false promise. If China people talk to Britain and Americans,

The answer will make people feel immodest. In China culture, modesty is a virtue; In Britain and America,

Culturally speaking, this is a manifestation of inferiority and incompetence. There is also the word "dear", which is not available in America.

It can be used in men, women and children, between superiors and subordinates. But in China, the honey here.

One word can't be used casually, which is the difference between Chinese and western cultures.

In addition, we should also pay attention to the differences between British and American cultures. For example, the word "football" is called by the British.

It's "football", which Americans call "soccer" and football is called "rugby".

American football. At this point, we should let students know about beauty.

Football is not round, but olive-shaped. It is played with hands instead of feet. Another example: the British said:

Thank you anyway. Thank you anyway. ) And Americans say, "Thank you.

Anyway. "Let's go." (Let's go! The Americans said, "It should be.

weleave？ "or" are you ready to go? " A: Can we go now? ) they think

Let's go! Let's go! It's impolite to order. There are many other words, such as chip.

French fries, pants, toilet, headmaster,

Uncle also has some phrases and idioms. We can relate them to cultural background.

And the cultural differences between China, the United States and Britain. In this way, students are not mastering "China".

English ",but more authentic British and American English.

(5) entertaining. The purpose of learning a language is application, but one of the difficulties in learning a foreign language is the lack of application.

Language environment. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should do everything possible to create a language environment for students and adopt it.

Take the form of entertaining, arouse students' enthusiasm and let them study in a relaxed and happy atmosphere.

And master the basic knowledge of language and cultural background knowledge, so as to initially improve the ability to communicate in English.

And it can deepen the memory. We can use classroom or extracurricular activities for dialogue, performance, competition and singing.

Singing, watching videos, playing games, partying, reciting poems, learning idioms, proverbs and other forms,

Create a learning environment for them and let them learn and improve in activities. There are many idioms and proverbs in English.

It contains a lot of cultural background knowledge, which can be selectively taught to students.