Classical Chinese Wenjing

1. Translation of the classical Chinese text "Jing Gong Changes the Character"

The original text of Wang Jinggong's quatrains goes: "Between Jingkou Guazhou and the water, Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains.

The spring breeze turns green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me?" Sergeant Wu ① hid his grass at home ②.

Chuyun "arrived at the south bank of the Yangtze River again". Circle the word "to" and note "bad".

Change it to "pass", circle ③ again and change it to "enter". Turn ④ to "full".

Any ⑤ such as ⑥ ten Xu ⑦ characters will be designated as "green". (Selected from Volume 8 of "Rong Zhai's Continuing Poems·Changed Words from Poems") A quatrain poem by Wang Anshi in translation reads: "Between the water in Guazhou, Jingkou, Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains, the spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river, when will the bright moon "Do you want me to pay you back?" A scholar in Suzhou has the first draft of this poem in his home. It was originally written as "Arrived to the south bank of the Yangtze River again". Later, the word "arrived" was circled and the annotation said "not good" and was changed to "pass." ", and circled the word "pass" and changed it to "enter".

Later it was changed to "full". The General Secretary chose more than ten words before and after this modification, and finally decided on the word "green".

Word explanation ① scholar: scholar ② draft: draft, informal manuscript (here refers to the first draft, manuscript) ③ complex: again ④ spin: again ⑤ fan: total *** ⑥ such as: like In this way ⑦ Xu: means approximately close to a certain number ⑧ Shi: Cai ⑨ Wuzhong: place name, refers to the Suzhou area. The three characters "guo" and "ru" were used at the beginning, focusing on the changes in seasons, reflecting the rejuvenation of the south of the Yangtze River; the characters "man" to be used, focusing on spring as deep as the sea, reflecting the strong spring spirit; the final word "green" was chosen, focusing on the spring. Great vitality.

As the messenger of spring, the spring breeze turns the vegetation in the south of the Yangtze River green. A green character depicts the vibrant scene of spring arriving in the south of the Yangtze River very cleverly and vividly.

It can be seen that the poet is good at innovation and originality in his artistic techniques. This attitude of focusing on refining words and writing seriously is worth learning. 2. Classical Chinese translation Jinghu North Road Transfer Judge

Is this the epitaph? Original text: On May 6, the first year of Zhiping, Liu Jun, the judge and Shangshu Tuntian doctor who was transferred to Jinghu North Road, died in the 54th year of his official career.

In the third year, on a certain day in October, he was buried in Shugang, Yangtze County, Zhenzhou, and Zizhu asked for an inscription in the form of Wu Ningzhangwang. Alas, I am an old friend, and I will inscribe it as a preface.

The preface says: The emperor is taboo for animal husbandry, and his name comes first. He was born in Lin'an County, Hangzhou. Jun Zeng's eldest father, Yanchen, was a general of the Wuyue King. He had meritorious service, assassinated Quzhou, and was buried in Xi'an, so the Liu family was from Xi'an again.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong, he tried to record those who had made contributions to Wu and Yue, but the emperor's father denied that benevolence and Zuo were ill, and the father of the emperor denied that he knew etiquette but was not an official, and the people in the country called him a gentleman. Later, in recognition of the emperor's death, he was given an official position as Doctor Fang, the minister of finance.

Young Master Jun was very smart and he was sixteen years old. When he failed to be promoted to Jinshi, he said, "Is it useless for me to have a minister?" So he bought more books and closed his door to govern. And when he raised his head again, he raised his head.

He started his career as a military official in Raozhou, and competed with the state generals for official affairs. He was crowded and almost unavoidable. Later, General Fan Wenzheng arrived. The king was overjoyed and said: "This is my teacher." So he became his teacher.

Wen Zhenggong also called himself king several times and encouraged him to learn. When you talk about benevolence and forbearance, you are worried about people's poverty and have no regard for property, so you always admire Wen Zhenggong.

A rich man in Yiyang was falsely accused by a guest, and he was about to die. You must tell the truth. Wen Zhenggong didn't believe it very much, so he sent officials to govern it as a king.

After staying for a few days, the rich man became immortal. From this, Wen Zhenggong knew the king better and could do his best. At the end of the year, when you will be promoted to an official position in the capital, you will allow the old person to be related to the same official. Duke Wen Zheng sighs and agrees.

Said: "I can't help but be good to you." After Wen Zhenggong appeased Hedong, he began to recommend you to rule the drama, so you became an observer and official in Yanzhou.

He also studied "Spring and Autumn" from Sun Fu and became friends with Shi Jie. The drought-stricken locusts in the state have offered more than ten benefits. One of them was requested by Tongdeng and Lai salt merchants, and they have relied on it to this day.

He was renamed Dali Temple Cheng and became known as Guantao County, Daming Prefecture. The nobles followed the Khitan envoys and frequently disturbed the county. The king regarded them as reasonable and the officials had no trouble.

First there were many thieves, and the king used his party to push them away.

Zhao Ji was strong and stabbed his hand to show his righteousness and bravery. He was too frightened and didn't know what to do. He wanted to run away. The emperor told him the meaning of the imperial order and stated the benefits and harms. He stabbed them all. He said happily: "Mr. Liu, don't let me deceive you."

He is said to be capable when he stays behind, but he often consults the emperor on government matters. Use the juzhi to judge Guangxin Army, but if you can't use it to get close to the elderly, you can use it to judge Jianzhou.

At that time, Fu Gong, now the prime minister of Heyang, sent to Hebei as the deputy privy envoy to report to the king. The soldiers in Baozhou were in chaos, and the rich man asked you to look after him.

You took a post from Changyuan to the foot of the city. After three days, you met the rich man and then left, so that you could establish a state. Fang also belonged to all the counties and counties, and all of them had to do corvee work. The people were very happy, and the emperor of Fang died in mourning.

After passing judgment on Qingzhou, he also mourned his mother and wife. He also passed judgment on Luzhou.

The imperial court relaxed the tea ceremony and sent the emperor to Jiangxi to discuss the equalization of taxes, and then rebelled after a period of time. The guest said: "I have heard that you are smart and dare to do it all my life. Why am I so stagnant now?" The king smiled and said: "This is something that you can do easily, but I can't.

And it's true. How can the court think that it is just love for others? If I don’t fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of it and try to do it simply, although you think I am smart, there will be disadvantages. ”

Everyone listens to everything and everyone is happy. Except Guangnan West Road transfer judge.

So he repaired dangers and recruited strong men to reduce the number of garrison soldiers. When he moved to the warehouse, he lost. He tested the merit of the regent and eliminated his behavior. After two years of residence, he moved to Jinghu North Road and died after more than a month.

The family was poor and had nothing to mourn, so all the belongings in the coffin and coffin were made by Jingnan scholars. You married the Jiang family and gave birth to five boys and two girls.

The men are named Zhu, Yi and Wen, and they are Jinshi. As a king, Zhu wanted to be the supervisor of the prison, but I was still young.

At first, you were known to Duke Fan and Fu. At that time, the scholar-bureaucrats were vying for his talents, and you felt proud of yourself. Already living in exile, suppressed among mediocre people.

He is very old, but he has come out to serve the world. If you think about it, you will die.

Those who love the king will hate him, but it can be seen that the illustrious scholar is what the world wants. If you are always in mourning, why should you let him down? The inscription says: I am sorry to Mr. Liu, I wish you could live longer.

How can the animals be kept for a long time but the beneficence is only shallow? Although it may stop it, it may also enable it. Only it has a life, so it stops here.

Translation: On May 6, the first year of Zhiping, Liu Jun, the transshipment judge of Jinghu North Road and Shangshu Tuntian doctor, died in office at the age of fifty-four. In the third year of Zhiping, a day in October was chosen by divination to be buried in Shugang, Yangzi County, Zhenzhou.

His son Liu Zhu asked me to write an epitaph with Wu Ning Zhang Wangzhi’s petition. Alas, he is my old friend, so I will write a preface and epitaph for him.

The preface is as follows: Mr. Liu's given name is Mu and his courtesy name is Xianzhi. His ancestors were from Lin'an County, Hangzhou. Liu Jun's great-grandfather was named Yanchen. He served as the general of the King of Wu and Yue and made great military exploits. He also served as the governor of Quzhou and was buried in Xi'an. Therefore, the Liu family was also from Xi'an.

During the Taizong Dynasty, (the imperial court) sought out those who had made contributions to Wuyue and hired their descendants, but Liu Jun's grandfather Liu Renzuo declined on the grounds of illness. Liu Jun's father Liu Zhili (of this generation) did not serve as an official, but his fellow villagers praised him as a gentleman.

Later, Liu Zhili was awarded an official position because of Liu Jun, and his official position reached the rank of Fang Langzhong. Liu Jun was bright and smart when he was a child. When he was sixteen years old, he sought to be promoted to Jinshi, but failed, so he said: "Have the relevant departments wronged me?" So he bought a lot of books and studied at home.

In the second exam, I got the first place. When he was a military official in Raozhou, he was squeezed out by the state general due to official disputes with the state general. Disaster was almost inevitable.

When the state general Fan Wenzhenggong (Fan Zhongyan) who succeeded him later arrived, Liu Jun was very happy and said: "This is really my teacher." So he worshiped Fan Wenzhenggong as his teacher.

Duke Fan Wenzheng also praised Liu Jun many times and encouraged him with his studies (encouraging him to study diligently). Liu Jun spoke of benevolence and tolerance, helped the poor, and did not care about property, all because he admired Fan Wenzhenggong.

A rich man in Yiyang was falsely accused by a guest at home (perhaps a tenant, a child guest, etc.?) and was about to be sentenced to death. Liu Jun learned the truth and reported it. Fan Wenzhenggong didn't really believe it, but because of Liu Jun's report, he asked officials to review the case.

After a few days, the rich man was exempted from the death penalty. Therefore, Fan Wenzhenggong appreciated Liu Jun more and more and appointed him to take charge of some affairs. At the end of the year, when the capital officials were about to be elected, Liu Jun gave the opportunity to his colleagues who had elderly parents to support. Fan Wenzhenggong sighed and agreed, saying: "I have to fulfill your good intentions."

When Fan Wenzhenggong appeased Hedong, he recommended Liu Jun, saying that he could handle difficult affairs, so Liu Jun served as the Yanzhou observation and recommendation officer. Liu Jun also studied "Spring and Autumn" from Sun Fu and became friends with Shi Jie.

When a drought and locust plague occurred in Yanzhou, Liu Jun proposed more than ten measures to facilitate implementation. 3. Translation of the classical Chinese text "Jing Gong Changes the Character"

Original text

Wang Jinggong's quatrains say: "Between the water in Guazhou in Jingkou, Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river, When will the bright moon shine on me?" Sergeant Wu ① hid his grass at home ②. Chuyun said, "We have arrived at the south bank of the Yangtze River again." Circle the word "to" and note "bad". Change it to "pass", circle ③ again and change it to "enter". Turn ④ to "full". All the characters ⑤ such as ⑥ ten Xu ⑦ are always designated as "green". (Selected from Volume 8 of "Rong Zhai's Continuation of Poems·Changed Words from Poems")

Translation

A quatrain poem by Wang Anshi writes: "Between the water of Guazhou in Jingkou, Zhongshan Mountain Only a few mountains away, the spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again? "A scholar in Suzhou has the first draft of this poem in his home. It was originally written as "Arrived on the south bank of the river again", and was later circled. To", the annotation said "not good", changed it to "pass", and then circled "pass" and changed it to "enter". Later it was changed to "full". The General Secretary chose more than ten words before and after this modification, and finally decided on the word "green".

Word explanation

①Scholar: scholar

②Cao: draft, informal manuscript (here refers to the first draft, manuscript)

③Fu: Again

④Spin: Again

⑤Fan: Total***

⑥Like this: like this

⑦Xu: means approximately close to a certain number

⑧Shi: Cai

⑨Wuzhong: place name, referring to the Suzhou area.

The green character focuses on the great vitality of spring. As the messenger of spring, the spring breeze turns the vegetation in the south of the Yangtze River green. A green character depicts the vibrant scene of spring arriving in the south of the Yangtze River very cleverly and vividly. It can be seen that the poet is good at renovating and surprising in his artistic techniques and is full of originality. This attitude of focusing on refining words and writing seriously is worth learning. 4. The answer to the classical Chinese essay "The King of Wu wanted to attack Jing"

In the Spring and Autumn Period, the King of Wu wanted to attack Jing in Chu.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, King Shoumeng of the Kingdom of Wu prepared to attack Jing (the Kingdom of Chu)

(Translation) During the Spring and Autumn Period, King Shoumeng of the State of Wu prepared to attack Jingdi (the State of Chu), but was opposed by his ministers. King Wu was very angry and warned at the meeting with his ministers: "Whoever dares to stop me from sending troops will be executed!" Despite this, some people still wanted to stop King Wu from sending troops. A young guard in the palace came up with a good idea: every morning, he walked around in the back garden of the palace with a slingshot and projectiles, and the dew soaked his clothes and shoes for three consecutive days. King Wu was very surprised and asked: "Why is this?" The guard said: "There is a cicada on the big tree in the garden. It sings and drinks dew, but it doesn't know that a mantis is approaching it. The mantis thought I was catching cicadas, but I didn’t know that the oriole was coming next to me. And when the oriole was about to peck the mantis, how did it know that my projectile was aimed at it? The three of them only focused on the immediate benefits and could not see the disaster behind them. King Wu was very inspired when he heard this, and then canceled the military operation.

5. The translation and rationale of the classical Chinese text "Jing Ren She Yin" in the first volume of the third year of junior high school

Full text

The Jing people wanted to attack the Song Dynasty, so they sent people to express the flood first. The Hu River is violently beneficial, but the people in Jing don't know it. Following the watch and wading at night, more than a thousand people drowned. The army was so frightened that they lost their homes. It was possible to guide them by showing them first, but now the water has changed and the situation is better. The Jing people still guided them by following the tables, which is why they were defeated.

Translation

The people of Chu wanted to attack Song, so they sent people to measure the depth of the river in advance and set up signs. Soon, the Xian River suddenly rose. Unknown to the Chu people, they still followed the previous sign and crossed the river in the dark. As a result, more than a thousand people drowned. The Chu army was horrified and collapsed, just like the houses in the city collapsing. When the signs were originally made, it was possible to wade across the river. Now the river has surged and the situation has changed. The Chu people still crossed the river according to the original signs. This was the reason for their failure.

Principle

This article tells us to look at problems from a dynamic and developmental perspective, and to avoid static and isolated analysis of problems. If you forget to make a detailed analysis of the specific situation, forget to adapt to the situation that has developed and changed, and change the countermeasures, everything will fail. 6. Ancient text, the Jing people crossed the river

The purpose of the Jing people "to send people to show off the river first" was for military reconnaissance. (The people of Chu wanted to attack Song, so they sent people to measure the depth of the river in advance and set up signs. Soon, the water suddenly rose. Unknown to the people of Chu, they still followed the old signs to cross the river in the dark. As a result, more than a thousand people drowned. The Chu army was terrified and collapsed, just like the houses in the city collapsed)

The reason why the Jing people's wishful thinking failed was that they ignored the development and changes of things. (It was originally possible to wade across the river when the signs were made. Now the river has surged and the situation has changed. The Chu people still crossed the river according to the original signs. This is the reason for their failure)

tells us that we should look at problems from a dynamic and developmental perspective and avoid static and isolated analysis of problems. If you forget to conduct a detailed analysis of the specific situation, forget to adapt to the situation that has developed and changed, and change countermeasures, everything will fail. 7. All translated by Jingmao Classical Chinese

The article is a bit long, but it is easy to read. I'll give you the general idea.

There was a severe drought in the county where Jing Mao lived, so he rewarded those who could pray for rain. Jing Mao wanted to become famous and make money by praying for rain, so his wife came up with an idea and said that he would give it a try and make money if he could pray for rain. He couldn't bear to be laughed at because of money, so he went there. As a result, he succeeded in praying for rain and made a small fortune.

Later, the provincial government also asked for rain, so the county magistrate recommended Jing Mao. Jing Mao became anxious and resented his wife for letting him go in the first place. His wife said that I saw the hanging salted fish dripping water, so I knew it was going to rain, so I asked you to go. You go to the provincial capital and bring salted fish with you. If the salted fish drips with water, you perform the ritual to pray for rain. If there is no dripping with water, you shirk it. Later, when Jing Mao saw salted fish dripping in the provincial capital, he went to pray for rain, and it rained as expected.

The provincial government knew that the current emperor liked magic, so he pushed Jingmao up.

It happened that the jade seal was lost, and the emperor asked him to find the thief. The person who had stolen the jade seal was very anxious, so he went to Jingmao to ask for help. Jingmao hid the jade seal and told the emperor that he had not stolen it but accidentally. It fell. In such and such a place, the emperor sent someone to look at it, and it turned out to be true.

So Jingmao began to be called a fairy. Someone told the emperor that Jing Mao was a liar. Among the emperor's Taoists, he was the only one with Confucianism. Can't you tolerate a Confucian scholar?

The emperor was also a little suspicious, so he prepared a box for Jing Mao to guess. Jing Mao sighed: The day of my death has come. The emperor didn't hear clearly and asked others what he said. One person said that he was talking about so-and-so in the box. Sure enough, the emperor gave Jing Sheng a high official position and a lot of money.

His wife said, if you become a high official without education, you will be in trouble. So Jing Mao resigned.

8. Translation of the classical Chinese article "The King of Wu Wants to Conquer Jing"

Translation: King Wu wanted to attack Chu and told his ministers: "Anyone who dares to rebel will be put to death!" One of King Wu's retainers The young man wanted to remonstrate but did not dare, so every day he went to the back garden of the palace with a slingshot and clay balls in his arms. The dew soaked his clothes, and it lasted like this for three days.

King Wu said to him: "Come here, why do you have to wet your clothes like this?" (The young man) replied: "There is a tree in the garden, and there is a cicada on the tree. It chirped at a high place and drank the dew, but it didn't know that a mantis was behind it; the mantis bent its body and clung to the branch to catch the cicada, but it didn't know that the oriole was beside it; and when the oriole stretched out its neck When I wanted to peck the mantis, I didn't know that my projectile was under it. These three only considered the immediate benefits, but did not consider the disaster behind them."

King Wu said: "You are right. OK!" So the dispatch was cancelled. Thank you for accepting. Please.