The influence of family on children

Family is the earliest living environment, the earliest living world and the most important place for children to grow up. They spend the longest time with their parents in a day. Kingsbury once said: "Parents are children's first teachers, so they have the strongest and most profound influence on their children's life. They stand in the front line of providing values, forming attitudes and providing information. " Family experience has a great influence on children's behavior development.

Children's living and learning places before entering school are mainly at home. Therefore, family education is also the preparation for school education. Children are prepared at home before studying, which naturally contributes to their good performance in school. After school, children depend on their parents for financial support and spiritual encouragement. After school, the main living environment is also at home. Therefore, it is natural that families continue to influence children's learning. Gambo pointed out: among the factors that affect the academic performance of American Asian gifted students, the biggest factor is the students themselves, accounting for 67%, followed by parents, accounting for 30%, and teachers, accounting for 3%. Among their own factors, effort accounts for 78% and ability accounts for 22%. Among the above factors, ability is still influenced by parents' inheritance, while efforts are influenced by parents' expectations and parenting styles, which has also been confirmed by surveys, experiments and comparative studies. When studying the development of children with excellent qualifications, Monte found that the future achievements of children with excellent qualifications are closely related to their parents' upbringing, which is a good foundation for their development and future achievements. Monk also pointed out. If talented young people want to succeed, they must have lofty goals and ideals and make extraordinary achievements in a supportive environment.

The above information shows the importance of family influence. Children inherit their parents' inheritance from birth, and they live in the environment created by their parents. They are influenced by their parents' knowledge, values, living habits, parenting style, parent-child relationship and other factors, and interact with factors outside the family, directly or indirectly affecting their future development and achievements.

Family factors affecting students' grades are quite complicated. Socio-economic status, values, parents' expectations and parenting styles are closely related to their children's achievements, and they are also interrelated. For example, socio-economic status affects parenting styles, values and expectations, and values are also related to expectations and parenting styles. The correlation of these factors may depend on children's achievement motivation and efforts. Many studies have pointed out that the socio-economic status of the family, parents' expectations are directly proportional to their children's achievements, and the parenting style is also an important factor affecting their children's achievements. However, this is not absolutely the case. Of course, there are some special circumstances. The factors affecting children's success are explained from the aspects of family socio-economic status, family values, parents' expectations, children's efforts and parental rearing patterns.

1, the influence of social and economic status

The social and economic status of the family directly affects children's physical and mental development. As far as parents' education level is concerned, parents with high education level have a higher understanding and care about their children's education. Therefore, they are diligent in absorbing new educational theories and concepts and applying them to educating children. Parents with higher education may engage in more specialized occupations, and their professional knowledge and skills will affect their children invisibly. Children unconsciously absorb new knowledge under the influence of their parents, which will help their all-round development. Economically speaking, families with high economic level can provide more cultural stimulation for their children, such as books, visits and trips, so that children can get higher cultural stimulation at an early age, and other things, such as education, music and medical care, are also more attentive, which is conducive to the healthy growth of children. Many scholars began to study from kindergarten, primary school, middle school, high school students and gifted students, and found that the higher the social and economic status of the family, the faster the language development of children and the higher the degree of self-affirmation. Their academic performance is obviously related to their parents' socio-economic status.

Although these relationships have been confirmed by many statistical data, they still cannot prove the inevitable relationship between students' development and their parents' socio-economic status. Some parents have a high social and economic status, and they are not sure that their children will be properly taken care of, but they often have family problems, such as quarrels between parents and neglect of discipline, which hinders the normal development of their children. Although social and economic status is important, family atmosphere, harmony and warmth will give full play to social and economic status. White, an American scholar, analyzed the relevant research on socioeconomic status and academic achievement in the literature and found that socioeconomic status is related to the decision of academic achievement, with a correlation coefficient as high as 0.73, but if calculated by individual students, the correlation coefficient is only 0.22. In addition, it is often considered as a factor affecting family atmosphere, and its correlation with students' individual grades is as high as 0.55. White also pointed out that the five variables commonly used to represent the family atmosphere are family education attitude, family reading materials, family stability, parents' expectations of their children and the number of times family members participate in cultural activities. Cairo means that gifted students are often the product of stable families. Zhou also pointed out that a harmonious family atmosphere can give children a sense of security, enable them to engage in their own activities with peace of mind, explore the surrounding environment, and give full play to their potential.

The above shows that the socio-economic status of the family is of course related to the children's grades, but this correlation is not absolute. Other family factors besides social and economic status should not be underestimated and must be paid enough attention to.

2. The influence of family values

A person's behavior is often influenced by values, and he will try to do what he thinks is important. A parent who attaches importance to education will not only try to do things that are helpful to children's education, but also instill and educate important values in daily family life. Parents who value labor often educate and encourage their children to love labor by diligently managing their families and working hard. If children want to achieve something, they need the support of their parents. Children's learning progress is valued by parents, and their interest in learning will naturally increase. Su Qingshou pointed out that parents' good behavior is a role model for their children, forming a positive and outstanding atmosphere in the family. Children naturally benefit a lot under the influence of long-term good family style. I have always maintained a strong motivation to learn, and my achievements have also been recognized and praised by my parents, thus forming a virtuous circle. Such a long time is naturally considerable. Gallagher also pointed out that in education, children's achievement motivation and efforts are deeply influenced by family values, emphasizing that learning is an important cultural value and can produce positive power. Bloom has studied American 120 outstanding people and found that the family environment of these outstanding people has the values of attaching importance to achievement and hard work. Their parents believe in the importance of hard work and doing their best. They make full use of their time, make a good work plan, set standards for completing their work, attach importance to discipline, work hard and have a sense of accomplishment, which can be called "achievement values". Parents expect their children to learn and practice the values of this achievement. Parents set an example and constantly teach this concept to their children, thus forming these party flag styles.

China people have always attached importance to family education. For example, the story of "Three Major Movements in Meng Mu" is well known to street vendors. China people also say that "it is the father's fault to raise and not teach"; He also said that "teaching by example is not as good as teaching by example". Many values of China's traditional culture, even spread abroad, are considered to be the main reasons for Asian American students to achieve excellent results. The educational achievements of Asian students are reflected in the promotion rate and the promotion rate of Asian students in famous American schools.

Because of the outstanding achievements of Asian students, American learners are known as "model minorities" in the United States. Many scholars have emphasized that this is the result of China's traditional family cultural values, such as attaching importance to family values, respecting teachers, being diligent, reaping no pains, and being modest and not complacent. In a series of analysis and research, Kaplan and his colleagues found that Asian students with excellent grades often come from families with obvious traditional cultural values, such as attaching importance to family education. These statements are called cultural determinism when explaining the educational achievements of Asian American students, who believe that achievements are the natural result of special cultural characteristics.

The above shows the importance of family education values. One of the values to help children succeed should be that parents emphasize the importance of education and attach importance to their children's studies; Parents are diligent and encourage their children to study hard; Parents respect teachers, are modest and not complacent, and also ask their children to be good students; Parents attach importance to family life and pay attention to their children's education and growth. The influence of traditional cultural values is not only valued by domestic scholars, but also spread abroad, which is regarded as the key to the excellent performance of Asian American students.

3. Parents' expectations and children's efforts

Parents all over the world want their children to get ahead and make great achievements. Although not every child will have outstanding achievements, parents still hold infinite expectations for their children, and constantly teach and urge their children to develop in a certain direction orally or in other ways in their lives. Parents are the main financial and spiritual supporters of children. Coupled with the affection and the influence of getting along with parents day and night, the development of children will naturally be affected by parents' expectations. If children think that their parents believe that they will do well, they may seriously support their parents' wishes. It is found that children's ability development and academic performance are directly proportional to their parents' expectations. Parents' expectations may affect children's achievement through their achievement motivation. Parents have higher requirements or expectations for their children, and at the same time encourage their children when they succeed and punish them when they fail, then their children's achievement motivation will be higher. On the contrary, parents have lower requirements and expectations for their children, and their children's achievement motivation is relatively low.

Parents' behavior is often related to their expectations of their children. Parents who have high expectations for their children tend to spend more time with their children and pay more attention to their education. Twiss and Haedeke, after analyzing the relationship between parents' expectations, children's expectations and children's achievements in Chinese and mathematics, pointed out that under the control of IQ *, children with higher parents' expectations perform better than children with lower parents' expectations, but this difference is not the direct influence of parents' expectations, but more likely that parents should increase some specific activities to improve children's achievements, that is, parents should let their children know their expectations. Mr. Su Qingshou pointed out that children's academic performance is directly related to parents' expectations of their children's success and the extent to which parents often participate in their children's learning activities. Parents' expectations are very important, because their common behavior will affect their children's achievements. Therefore, other factors being equal, parents who have high expectations for their children can be expected to be more active in educating their children.

Parents' expectations are often the goal of children's efforts, because of their family ties, parents' economic and spiritual support, and parents' right to reward and punish. Parents have high expectations and may have a more positive attitude towards parenting, so their children's grades may be high. Parents' expectations are certainly related to their children's achievements, but the key to their children's achievements should still lie in their own motivation and efforts. From the traditional or related excellent research results, it is found that success is not accidental, but the result of long-term efforts.