Gas poisoning problem

Gas itself is mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, so gas itself can cause poisoning.

1. Coal gas is a combustible gas processed from coal. According to the processing mode, gas properties and uses, it can be divided into: water gas, semi-water gas and air gas (or producer gas) obtained by coal gasification, which are collectively called low calorific value gas because of their low calorific value; The gas obtained by coal carbonization coking is called coke oven gas, which belongs to medium calorific value gas and can be used as urban civil fuel. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen in coal gas are important chemical raw materials, which can be used for synthetic ammonia and methanol. Therefore, the gas used as chemical raw material is called synthetic gas, and it can also be made of natural gas, light oil and heavy oil.

2. The gas produced by incomplete combustion of coal is mainly carbon monoxide, which is colorless, odorless and toxic. Inhaled by humans and animals, it can combine with hemoglobin in blood to cause poisoning. Also known as coal poison.

Example: Turn off the gas after cooking.

3, commonly known as liquefied petroleum gas.

[Edit this paragraph] Water gas

The gas produced by steam passing through hot coke is mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. After combustion, it will release water and carbon dioxide, as well as trace amounts of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. The combustion speed is 7.5 times that of gasoline, and the explosion resistance is good. According to foreign research and patent reports, the compression ratio can reach 12.5. The thermal efficiency is increased by 20-40%, the power is increased by 15%, and the fuel consumption is reduced by 30%. The tail gas purification is close to Euro IV standard (these indexes need to be verified, but the effect is positive), and a small amount of platinum catalyst can also be used for purification. Compared with alcohol ether, it simplifies manufacturing, reduces equipment, and has lower cost and investment. Compression or liquefaction is similar to hydrogen, but it doesn't need to remove CO, so the investment in building a station is low. The reduced cost and investment can also be used to partially compensate the investment and cost of compression (alcohol ether should also be compressed) or liquefaction. Toxic, used industrially as fuel and chemical raw materials.

Clean water gas (mainly composed of CO and H2) can be produced by water vapor passing through a hot coal seam, which is characterized by the flame rising higher and becoming light blue (the color of hydrogen and CO combustion). The chemical equation is C+H2O (high temperature)->; Carbon monoxide +H2. This is why wet coal burns more violently than dry coal.

Gas plants often deliberately mix a small amount of odorless gas into household water gas. Generally speaking, carbon monoxide and H2 are colorless and odorless gases, so as to sniff out and find gas leakage in time. Methane and water can also be used to produce water gas. The chemical equation is CH4+H2O-Co+3H2, which is a kind of gas fuel for environmental protection water gas producer. The main components are hydrogen and carbon monoxide. It is obtained by the action of steam and hot anthracite or coke. In industry, steam and air are alternately and intermittently injected, or steam and oxygen are continuously injected together. The calorific value is about 10500 kJ/ standard cubic meter. In addition, there is a kind of "semi-water gas", which is blown by steam and air together. It can be used as fuel, or as raw material for synthetic ammonia, petroleum, organic synthesis, hydrogen production, etc.

[Edit this paragraph] Coke oven gas

Coke oven gas refers to the combustible gas mixed with several bituminous coals, which is the by-product of coking products dry distillation at high temperature in the coking furnace and the production of coke and tar products at the same time. Mainly used as fuel and chemical raw materials. Coke oven gas is mainly composed of hydrogen and methane, accounting for 56% and 27% respectively, and a small amount of hydrocarbons such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen. The low calorific value is 18250kJ/Nm3, the density is 0.4 ~ 0.5 kg/nm3, and the kinematic viscosity is 25×10 ′ (-6) m2/s.

The combustion gas sources in people's lives can be roughly divided into three categories: liquefied petroleum gas (Y), artificial gas (R) and natural gas (T).

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a kind of petroleum tail gas left by petroleum in the process of refining gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heavy oil and other petroleum products. Through a certain procedure, the petroleum tail gas is recovered and pressurized to make it become liquid and put into a pressurized container, hence the name LPG. Its main components are ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane and butane. It is a liquid in a gas cylinder. Once it flows out, it will vaporize into combustible gas about 250 times the original volume, which is easy to spread and will burn or explode when it meets an open flame. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the use of liquefied gas.

Coal gas is made from solid raw materials such as coal or coke by dry distillation or vaporization, and its main components are carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen. Therefore, gas is toxic, and it is easy to form explosive mixture with air, so we should pay great attention to it when using it.

Natural gas broadly refers to natural gas buried in the stratum. However, natural gas usually refers to a combustible gas rich in hydrocarbons stored in deep strata, and the natural gas generated together with oil is usually called oilfield associated gas. Natural gas is transformed from organic matter hundreds of millions of years ago, and its main component is methane. In addition, according to different geological conditions, it also contains different amounts of low-carbon alkanes such as ethane, propane, butane, pentane and hexane, as well as non-hydrocarbon substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulfide. Some gas fields also contain helium. Natural gas is an important energy source, widely used as city gas and industrial fuel; In the world energy consumption in 1970s, natural gas accounted for about 18% ~ 19%. Natural gas is also an important chemical raw material.

The combustion calorific value of natural gas per cubic meter is 8000 to 8500 kcal.

The combustion heat value per kilogram of liquefied gas is 1 1000 kcal. The specific gravity of gaseous liquefied gas is 2.5 kg/m3. The combustion calorific value of liquefied gas per cubic meter is 25200 kcal. It can be seen that the calorific value of one cubic meter of liquefied gas is three times that of natural gas, but it is also reported that the calorific value of liquefied gas is seven times that of natural gas.

Each bottle of liquefied gas weighs 14.5 kg, and the total calorific value is 159500 kcal, which is equivalent to the calorific value of 20 cubic meters of natural gas.