/kloc-What happened to the Black Death in Europe in the 3rd century?

The Black Death, also known as plague or plague, is the undisputed number one killer with the longest epidemic time, the largest number of deaths and the most serious harm in the history of the world. It was not until 1894 that Italian doctor Alexandre Yersin identified its pathogen: Yersinia pestis (or Pasteurella pestis), which is mainly transmitted through blood and has no periodic outbreak. Usually, patients will eventually die because of its dense strains blocking blood vessels. From 65438 to 0897, Ogata studied the life history of Yersinia pestis. As the name implies, one of its main hosts is rodents represented by house mice, but for humans, what is really terrible is the rodent flea. They suck infected blood from rodents and then jump on humans and other mammals for their next meal. At the same time, they can spread the disease to human lice, thus speeding up its spread. The bloodthirsty rat flea can live for 30 days without a host. They are the chief culprits of about 370 kinds of animals infected with plague. Plague has another more efficient way of infection, that is, it directly enters human lungs from the air through breathing. Lymphocytes and leukocytes are the main members of human immune system. They can not only kill Yersinia pestis, but also become their own host cells. The specific symptoms of patients with the Black Death are as follows: fever, hemoptysis, dehydration, coma, hallucination, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy, skin ulcer, subcutaneous hemorrhage, etc. The skin of the affected area is often blue-black and named after it. Generally, patients will die within four or five days or at least a few hours after onset, and the mortality rate is basically 100%. Because there is no specific medicine to cure, this terrible disease has long been regarded as the punishment of ghosts and gods by superstitious human beings.

Westerners have long been helpless about the Black Death, but they have long recognized that it originated in China. In fact, the plague has a very long history there, and the demise of great empires such as Han, Sui, Tang and Ming has a considerable relationship with it. For example, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Taipingmen (the Yellow Scarf Army) headed by Zhang Jiao and the Pentecostalism headed by Zhang Ling, Zhang Heng and Zhang Lu all started from the panic caused by the plague among the people. According to the "Dian lue" written by Wei Wendi xelloss, "Xiping, a demon thief, and three auxiliary Luo Yao; Light and harmony, opening angle in the east, and Zhang Heng in Hanzhong. Luo Yao taught Tibetan Buddhism in Myanmar from the perspective of Taiping Road and the balance of Wudoumi Road. For those who are peaceful, teachers hold nine branches as blessings and teach patients to kowtow and think. Because they drink with water, if they are sick or recovered in a short time, they should be regarded as believers, and if they are not recovered, they should be regarded as unbelievers. The balance method is slightly the same as the angle, and the scarly room is added, so that patients can think. He also made people drink for the rape order, and the master of the wine offering used Laozi's five thousand words to make the capital learn, which was called the rape order. Pray for ghosts and patients. Please pray, write down the patient's name and convince the meaning of crime. Three links, the first day on the mountain, the first place buried, the second place submerged, known as three official calligraphy. It is very common for patients to have five buckets of rice, so it is called five buckets of rice. It really doesn't help to cure the disease, but it's immoral, but I'm fighting with it stupidly. " No doubt it refers to this matter. Chinese medicine should have a way to treat the Black Death. For example, Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing and other famous doctors have all been cured. It is said that the so-called "typhoid fever" in medical books at that time often refers to the Black Death, which is often confused with malignant infectious diseases such as smallpox and dengue fever.

In the 5th-8th century, a serious epidemic broke out in Europe, which brought down the once powerful army of the Eastern Roman Empire, and enabled Persians and Arabs to grab a large area of land from Syria to Egypt without blowing off dust. However, those are not plagues, but smallpox and malaria. Time flies. In the13rd century, Genghis Khan and his burly descendants built a huge empire in just a few decades. Behind me, are the future generations? This is unprecedented in human history. From the Baltic Sea to the Sea of Japan, from the Arctic Ocean to the Indian Ocean, citizens are true cosmopolitans, and they can travel freely without visas or temporary residence permits. Because of this, the Mongols who encouraged trade and commerce, after consciously welcoming the Kelpolo caravan, unconsciously sent back a puzzling gift. 1346, a great plague broke out in northern India, killing countless people. The following year, A.D. 1347, or in the spring of the seventh year of Yuan Shundi's reign, Kafa, the commercial colony of the Republic of Genoa on the Black Sea coast, suddenly fell into a hellish panic. The healthy people who were usually alive and kicking fell down one by one, and the number of the dead soon surpassed that of the living. The bodies piled up like mountains, and the stench went straight into the sky, which could not be buried. The government had to push the body into the nearby sea with wooden poles, and the port was abandoned. This is widely regarded as a sign of the beginning of the Black Death in Europe. At that time, I'm afraid no one would have thought that it would become a super nightmare that swept Europe for five years.