English part-of-speech conversion

Conversion of parts of speech

English parts of speech can be converted into each other. There are two methods for converting parts of speech: conversion method and conjugation method in modern word formation. The characteristics of the two methods are different.

(1) Transformation method.

The transformation method is a method of converting one part of speech into another. That is, a word is transferred and finalized into a certain meaning and part of speech in the early stage, and later it is used to form other meanings and parts of words through the expansion of meaning or metaphor. In the part-of-speech method, there is generally an obvious connection between the transformed meaning and the original meaning. The conversion method is generally used in vocabulary with simple syllables. The conversion method is mainly divided into the following four types:

1. Convert nouns into verbs. Such words are mostly related to the special actions of nouns, and are also figures of speech. For example:

⑴He wolfed down three bowls of rice. He wolfed down three bowls of rice. wolf. Originally the noun "wolf", [positive] wrapping around or swallowing the ground (wol) destroying things (f), or devouring things (wol) (f); transformed into the verb "wolf swallow", "wolf-like" "eat the same thing", [bianzheng] wrap around or engulf (wol) destroy (f) drop (down) things, or like a wolf (wolf) destroy (f/d) drop (down) things.

⑵He insisted on staying up to nurse the child. He insisted on staying up to nurse the child. nurse. Originally a noun "nurse", [positive] controlling or regulating things (nur) entwining the protector (s), [linked] online (nur) and protecting things (s); transformed into the verb "nursing" , [linked] online (nur) and maintain (s) things - nurse (nurse) things.

2. Convert adjectives into verbs.

⑴He had blacked his face with soot. He had blackened his face with soot. Black was originally an adjective "black", [biased] being able to catch (ck) things in black (bla); it was transformed into a verb "smear", [subject and predicate] catching (ck) things in black (bla) , or act on or dye (d) things with black (black).

⑵My father is emptying a box of rubbish into a rubbish-cart. My father is emptying the rubbish into the garbage truck. Empty is originally the adjective "empty", [subject and predicate] the contents (emp) leaving or flowing out (ty), or [partially] completely (emp) leaving or flowing out (ty); it is transformed into the verb "empty" ", [Subject-Predicate] contains things (emp) leaving or flowing out (ty) of things, or [predicate] makes things completely (emp) leave or flow out (ty).

3. Convert adjectives into nouns. That is, using properties to refer to things of this nature. For example:

⑴My mother likes red. My mother likes red. red is originally the adjective "red", [verb complement] rape (re) and destroy things (d); it is transformed into the noun "red" or "red things", but the structure remains unchanged, [verb complement] rape (re ) and destroy things (d).

⑵The chinese are working-hard and brave people. The Chinese are working-hard and brave people. Chiness was originally the adjective "Chinese", [subject and predicate] issued by China (chi) (nese); it was transformed into the noun "Chinese" and "Chinese", but the structure remains unchanged. [Subject and Predicate] (nese) from China (chi).

4. Convert verbs into nouns. It is often used to express a one-time action or something related to the action.

⑴We stopped there for a swim. We stopped there and swam for a while.

Swim is originally the verb "to swim", [verb object] continuously (s) swings (wi) the arm (m), or [bias] continuously paddles or breaks through (swi) and advances (m); use As a noun "swimming", it still means that the action structure remains unchanged, [verb object] continuously (s) swinging (wi) arms (m), or [bias] continuously paddling or breaking through (swi) ) forward (m).

⑵Xiao Liu's answers is perfectly right. Xiao Liu's answers are perfectly right. answer is originally a verb "to answer", [verb complement] emits (an) out (swer) things and wraps up (swer) things; it is transformed into a noun "answer", expressing actions or related things, [verb complement] emits (an) And out (swer), or [linked] out (an) and wrap things (swer) (of).

In the classification of parts of speech, the dual parts of speech of each non-independent part of speech are actually a manifestation of the transformation method. For example: prepositions have both noun and verb genders, but they are converted from verb gender to noun; adverbs have both verb and adjective genders, but they are converted from adjective to verb; pronouns have both noun and adjective genders. , it is transformed from adjective to noun; conjunction has both verb and noun, but it is transformed from noun (more accurately, pronoun) to verb.

(2) Part-of-speech transformation in conjugation method.

The conjugation method is also accompanied by the transformation of the part of speech. When adding a suffix to a word, the part of speech of a word can often be changed. In essence, the conjugation method is a simplified form of the synthesis method. Its main feature is the change in the meaning of the constituent words, and the change in the part of speech is secondary. However, due to the particularity of the affix - it cannot exist independently and has a certain part of speech. , so it is often regarded as a means of transforming part of speech. Of course, this view is not completely correct. When we learn conjugation, we learn the dual changes of word meaning and part of speech at the same time. Sometimes learning changes in word meaning is more important than learning changes in part of speech. This is the fundamental reason why we learn conjugation well.

The transformation of part of speech in the conjugation method mainly has the following six forms:

1. Convert the verb into a noun by adding suffixes. For example:

collection.n. [bias] the act or process (tion) of collecting things (collec), or [dynamic complement] the formation or grasping (tion) of collecting things (collec) - —Collectibles.

development.n. [Partial] development (develop) behavior (ment) - development, or [dynamic complement] development (develop) caused (ment) - development or new development.

2. Adjectives are converted into nouns by adding suffixes. For example:

difficulty.n. [bias] difficult (difficul) display (ty), or [dynamic compensation] difficulty (difficul) caused (ty).

goodness.n. [Partiality] Good (good) expression (ness), or [Objective] releasing (ness) good (good) - a virtue.

3. Add verb suffixes to become adjectives. For example:

receivable[rI5sI:v[bl]a. [object] can be accepted (receiva) by (bl).

attractive[[5trAktIv]a. [object] can (tive) attract things (attrac).

4. Add suffixes to nouns and convert them into adjectives. For example:

fruitful.a. [object] having (ful) fruit.

doubtless.a. [Objective] There is no (less) doubt (doubt).

5. Add adjectives to verbs. For example:

deepen.v. [biased] deepen (dee) make (pen) things, or [biased] keep (dee) push (pen) things downward;

simplify.v. [bias] simplify (simpli) things (fy).

6. Add suffixes to nouns and convert them into verbs.

For example:

classify.v. [Positive] Classify (fy) things.

hospitalize.v. [object] make things enter (lize) the hospital (hospita), or [subject and predicate] use the hospital (hospita) to deal with (lize) things.

After learning the classification of words, we can use English words freely, especially those words with complex and diverse parts of speech. Word classification is one of the most important applications for us to learn English pinyin and word interpretation.