What are the customs around Mid-Autumn Festival?

First, at home

Hebei province 1

Botou City and Nanpi County took fruits, bacon, wine and money to their ancestral graves on July 15. It is called "recommending new things" to hold a hemp valley to a field stalk. The Mid-Autumn Festival in Guangping County offers fresh food to worship ancestors, and prepares fruits and vegetables and steamed sheep for grandchildren, which is called "sending sheep". On July 15, Qinghe County went to the grave to pay a sacrifice and offer steamed sheep to her daughter.

2.Shanxi Province

On this day, scholars in Yonghe County offered sacrifices to Kuixing. The shepherd family in Zhangzi County slaughtered sheep in the Mid-Autumn Festival, competing with the gods. It is said that this can increase the output of sheep. Meat is also given to relatives, while those who are poor and have no sheep use steamed noodles in the shape of sheep instead. Farmers in Yangcheng county make cats, tigers and grains from wheat crumbs and sacrifice them in the fields, which is called "going to the fields". People in Mayi County take wheat flour as the shape of children in the Mid-Autumn Festival, named "Mianren", and give each other children from relatives. Farmers in Xinxian County hang colored paper on the stalks of fields on the Mid-Autumn Festival.

3.Henan Province

When the Central Plains paid homage to the local officials in Shangqiu County, a paper flag was hung at the door, which is said to be insect-proof. Flying kites during Mid-Autumn Festival in Mengjin County. On July 15, the magistrate of a county drew a gray circle in front of the door and burned paper gongs in the circle to worship the ancestors.

Shandong Province: fishermen in Long Island made boats out of wooden boards, put "×××" notes on them, put food, clothes, shoes and socks on them, and then lit candles. The married man put the boat into the sea. In Zhanhua County, every household collects Kyle and fresh grass leaves to build a shed, which is called "Horse House" and asks ancestors to put it in for sacrifice. Ling Du County calls the Mid-Autumn Festival "pinch festival", and every family eats humble meals.

4. Shaanxi

Lintong county burned paper to worship Magu on July 15. In Chenggu County, farmers will drink alcohol on the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is called "hanging hoes". Farmers in Yantai went to the fields on the morning of Mid-Autumn Festival, selected the highest and densest ears of rice, hung up five-color paper flags and named them "Tian Fang".

5.jiangsu province

Residents of Wuxian County fold gold ingots with tin foil during the Mid-Autumn Festival and burn them along the road, which is called "ghost fate". There is still a kind of paper ghost circulating in Yizheng county, which contains bowl lamps, gamblers, drunkards and senior officials. There are four boats in the Zhongyuan Festival River in Yixing County, one is the flame mouth, the other is the Buddha chanting, the other is the tin foil ingot burning, and the other is the river lantern. On this day, villagers in Dong Xian eat flat food, which is a dustpan-shaped food made of flour and sugar. When releasing river lanterns in Shanghai, the stern is decorated with red and green paper lanterns, which is called "Dugu".

6.sichuan province

In Sichuan province, there is a custom of burning paper to worship ancestors in the Central Plains. That is, a stack of paper money is sealed in a small envelope, and the name and title of the recipient, the number of envelopes received, and the name and time of the silk changer are written on the envelope. It is said that the Gate of Ghost was closed on July 15, and all families had to "send their children to Shigu". Chengdu people tied a "flower tray" with paper, put paper money and fruit offerings on it, and walked around the room, saying, "Dear friends, neighbors, former residents, ghosts who can't bear to go back, please put on the flower tray and send you back!" After that, the back end is incinerated outside the house.

7.zhejiang province

Jiashan county regards the rain of Mid-Autumn Festival as a sign of rice harvest. In Tonglu County, people sing gongs and scatter rice in the wild on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, which is called "giving food". The Lanshe Society in eastern Zhejiang invited 24 old ladies to recite the scriptures and "walk eight knots". Eating "jiaozi Cake" on the rooftop during Mid-Autumn Festival is similar to spring rolls. There is also the custom of putting up street lamps. There are six able-bodied men as a group: one who knocks gongs, one who banges, one who carries lanterns, one who scatters salty rice along the way, one who makes incense along the way (inserted on a sweet potato or taro), and one who makes tofu and rice balls along the way (placed on a big tree), with a sacrifice about every hundred steps.

9.jiangxi province

People in Ji 'an burn paper for the New Year, and pregnant women are forbidden to fold paper ingots. It is said that the paper ingots folded by pregnant women cannot be carried by ghosts after being burned, and it is also impossible to send them to the underworld. When releasing the flame, the mage threw buns and fruits at the audience. Legend has it that a woman grabbed a steamed stuffed bun and had a child the next year. A child who robs steamed stuffed buns will never be afraid in his life. Ancestor worship in Anyuan County began on July 12, and incense and tea were burned in the morning and evening. On the fifteenth night, burn clothes and give paper money.

Fujian Province 10

On the Mid-Autumn Festival in Yongfu County, married women must go home to worship their ancestors. Fuzhou dialect calls the Central Plains "Paper Burning Festival". The married daughter prepares her parents' clothes and robes, puts them in a box called a "gauze box" and sends them to her parents' home. There was a custom of Pudu in the middle of Yuan Dynasty in central Fujian, which was held in both urban and rural areas, and its funds were raised by people along the gate. Even the poorest families will try their best to raise money to cope. There is a proverb: "Pudu does not pay, and the plague is in front of us." Purdue does not contribute, and the dwarf comes to pick it up. " There are also children's bands performing in Purdue. Puxian has the customs of "family sacrifice", "male and female fever", "paper feeding" and "golden cup".

Guangdong province 1 1

On July 15, people surnamed Lin in Qujiang County offered sacrifices to their ancestors and the king of the head of a dog, and gave them to the little boys and girls who sang and danced in colorful clothes. People in Guishan County regard July 14 as the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is said that because Yuan soldiers went south in those days, in order to avoid chaos, the festival was celebrated one day in advance. In Chenghai county, ancestor worship and kitchen god are held on the Mid-Yuan Festival. In the central plains of Deqing, winter leaves were wrapped in flour to make cakes, which were called "bridges" to worship ancestors. In ancient Shigu, Chaoyang County, wealthy families would buy plows, waterwheels and even girls from poor families, write them on paper and scatter them when giving food. If you can't afford farm tools or a wife, you can get a voucher.

Guangxi province 12

Most people in Guilin regard 14 every month as a ghost festival, and the whole festival starts from July 7 to the evening of July 14, and its process is the process of welcoming ancestors, sending them off and chasing them. In some places, ancestors are welcomed from July 7, and in some places, ancestors are welcomed on July 13, but on July 7, meals are prepared (that is, sacrifices); On the evening of July 14, we bid farewell to our ancestors. After the sacrifice before dinner, we will hold a ceremony to bid farewell to our ancestors until about 10 in the evening. At the same time, the "wallet" engraved with the ancestor's name (how many generations of ancestors are written in different families) and the "wallet" paper money of the ticket holder and the guide king were burned at the intersection to sprinkle rice, water and rice. Its process is complicated and serious, and it is the most complicated festival in the local ceremony. This is a festival that local people attach great importance to. In addition to the Spring Festival (Lantern Festival also belongs to the Spring Festival in the local concept, including off-year holidays), it is as important as Mid-Autumn Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Dragon Boat Festival. Yangshan people regard July 14 as the festival of Mulian, killing ducks to worship their ancestors. There were no pedestrians on the road that day, so it was called "hiding ghosts". In Guangxi province, Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Duck Festival". It is believed that the dead can stand on the duck and shuttle freely between the dead and the dead through the duck's carriage. In addition, there is a custom of "burning steamed stuffed buns", which is generally to worship ancestors first and then burn clothes for ghosts. Food and wine for ancestor worship must be put in a flat basket, which means that wild ghosts are not allowed to rob them.

Yunnan Province 13

Tengyue people burned buns after offering sacrifices to their ancestors, carved a cucumber into a boat shape, called a "cucumber boat", and incinerated it with the bag.

Hunan Province 14

Shaoyang people "receive old customers" around July 12 of the lunar calendar, and burn paper bags and incense to worship their ancestors on the evening of July 15 of the lunar calendar, which is called "sending old customers away". There are inches of paper money in the paper bag, and the name on the front of the paper bag is taboo. After packaging, you must write the word' seal' on the back. On the fifteenth night, the more buns are burned, the bigger the fire, indicating that the home is more prosperous.

Hubei Province 15

Macheng people will slaughter livestock around the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, get together with their aunts and burn paper money to worship their deceased ancestors. On the day of sacrifice, meat and wine first, and then steamed bread. Bamboo chopsticks are spread out in the dining room, brightly lit, and the sacrificial words are also complained. Every man personally printed and made paper money on paper money, burned paper and bowed down to his ancestors. After that, the family will have a feast. This festival can be held on any day from July 13 to 16.

16, China and Hongkong

In most parts of Hong Kong, there is the Yulan Victory Club in Chaozhou County, and some places also have the fragrance of China, and outlying islands are one of them. Zhou Ping Zhongyuan Gaojian is held every year from July 12th to 15th in the lunar calendar for four days, and the most lively day is July 15th. The ceremony on that day included morning court, dragon boat rowing, water and land lanterns, banquets, sacrifices and ceremonies.

Second, abroad.

1, Japan

Japan's "Bonin Festival" (Ghost Festival) cruise Bonin Festival was introduced to Japan from China in the Sui and Tang Dynasties during the Asuka period, commonly known as "Bonin" (pronounced O-bon, referred to as Bonin Society). July 13 to 16 in the city, August 13 to 16 in the countryside. 13 to visit the grave, 13 to pick up the ghost of ancestors, 16 to send. There is also the habit of giving gifts in RMB. People will gather together to dance a dance called "Penyong" according to folk customs. This dance is mainly hand movements, similar to today's Parapara.

The Japanese attach great importance to the Bonihara Festival, which has now become an important festival after New Year's Day. Enterprises and companies usually have a week's rest, which is called "Kogasawara Rest". Many Japanese who go out to work are choosing to use this holiday to return to China to worship their ancestors. At this time, the streets of metropolises (such as Tokyo and Osaka) are mostly deserted, somewhat similar to Tomb-Sweeping Day in China.

2. North Korea

The Mid-Autumn Festival on the Korean Peninsula, also known as Hundred Days, Hundred Days and Day of the Dead, is a traditional festival in northern China, which originated from the Taoist Mid-Autumn Festival and the Buddhist Bonbon Festival, and later developed Korean characteristics. Compared with China and Japan, the Mid-Autumn Festival pays more attention to ancestor worship and Purdue, while the North Korean Mid-Autumn Festival retains the original intention of farmers to celebrate the harvest in autumn, followed by ceremonies such as ancestor worship and gods worship.

3. Singapore

In Chinese-speaking areas of Singapore, apart from traditional customs such as ancestor worship, the Mid-Autumn Festival also has a special performance to entertain ghosts. The local Fujian people (Minnan people) call it "Songtai in July" or "Songtai" for short. Generally speaking, these song tables set up a temporary stage in the open space, equipped with audio equipment and lighting, with rows of chairs under the stage, and the first row of chairs is usually reserved for "good brothers" (ghosts). Stage performances are usually arranged in the evening, including humorous skits, magic, singing and dancing. And performances are held throughout the lunar July.

4. Malaysia

Malaysia's Mid-Autumn Festival is in the Chinese area of Malaysia. The Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the Yulan Victory Festival or celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival, besides offering sacrifices to ancestors Purdue, there are also special performances to entertain ghosts. The local people have established a platform culture similar to that of Singaporeans. Generally, similar to Singapore, a temporary stage is set up in the temple or the open space before Yulan Victory Day, equipped with audio equipment and lighting decoration, and rows of chairs are placed under the stage, and the first row of chairs is usually. Stage performances are usually arranged from 8 pm to midnight 12 pm. There are various performances on the stage, including humorous skits, magic, songs and dances, etc. And there are performances throughout the lunar calendar in July.

As a celebration of traditional festivals, Taiwan Province's singing performances are often warned by the police because they are too noisy and complained by some neighboring residents. In addition, some scenes that often appear on the stage, such as the host who loves to tell dirty jokes and the exposed actress, have caused many people in Singapore and Malaysia to misunderstand the July stage. However, in recent years, the Malaysian Celebration and Praise Committee has banned performers from wearing revealing clothes and controlled the stage volume to avoid misunderstanding and friction.

In addition, in Bogong Castle at the foot of Penang Mountain, there is Ma Bei's largest paper-making master, 26 feet 8 inches high. Celebrating the Central Plains has become an annual activity in Ma Bei. On the Mid-Autumn Festival every year, many tourists gather at the foot of the mountain, mainly to worship Ma Bei's greatest master. This great master stands in the master hall of Lansheng Society in the downtown area at the foot of Dasha Mountain. The master's magnificent golden body also attracted many foreign tourists to visit.