The flattery art of corrupt official Xiao Shenyang: How did the great greed of Qing Dynasty come into being?

Small Shenyang, formerly known as Shanbao and Mingzhizhai, is the owner of Jialetang, Expo Park and Luye Pavilion. He is the richest official in history of qing dynasty. Because of insatiable greed, he was regarded as a great greed by Chinese people, and was later sentenced to death by Emperor Jiaqing.

Little Shenyang has been studying a lot all his life. The history of Qing Dynasty shows that Xiao Shenyang likes reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Spring and Autumn Annals, and is proficient in the Four Books and Five Classics. He identified with Zhu in his early years. Although he later believed in realism, he also liked to get together with literati in his spare time. In addition, A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the four classical novels, was preserved because of the small Shenyang. He often wrote poems with Emperor Qianlong, and Xiao Shenyang knew the style of poems written by Emperor Qianlong like the back of his hand.

In order to cater to Qianlong, Xiao Shenyang made great efforts to study and write poems and made great achievements. Occasionally show your research on poetry in front of Qianlong, and even pretend to be a "poet" in your spare time. Xiao Shenyang's poems are in line with Qianlong's aesthetic taste. Qianlong often orders Xiao Shenyang to write poems on the spot instead of writing them himself. Many of the Poems of Little Shenyang and Jialetang were written by Qianlong, from which we can see the calligraphy achievements of Little Shenyang.

The Year of the Loong was born in his hometown, the deputy capital of Fujian, on May 28th, 15th year. At the age of three, my mother died in childbirth, and before her death, she gave birth to her younger brother and Lin. When Xiao Shenyang was nine years old, his father Chang Bao died of illness. Fortunately, an old man and his father's close friend protected He Lin from being driven out of the house. After being admitted to Xian 'an Palace, Xiao Shenyang was proficient in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan, and read four books and five classics. Won the love of teacher Wu and Wu Shenglan.

In the thirty-third year of Qianlong,/kloc-married the granddaughter of Zhili Governor Feng at the age of 0/8. Xiao Shenyang took part in the imperial examination in the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong, and his name was Sun Shan. He inherited the identity of a liberal arts student and became a private captain. Dragon thirty-seven years, 22 years old, in October, awarded the third-class guards. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong, 23-year-old Xiao Shenyang showed his talents in front of Qianlong. Finally, I became a waiter of the honor guard in Gan Long.

Xiao Shenyang was born in Qianlong for fifteen years, nearly forty years younger than Qianlong. Emperor Qianlong of Shenyang was a cadre hand-picked from the three-level marshal. He does have many advantages, such as outstanding appearance, excellent language talent, profound calligraphy skills, and understanding of Manchu, Tibetan, Mongolian and Chinese. In the early days of being reused, Xiao Shenyang did several good things, such as investigating the bribery case of Li Shiyao, the governor of Yunnan-Guizhou Province, and left an incorruptible image in Qianlong's mind. He can do everything the emperor tells him in an orderly way. So, what skills did small Shenyang rise on?

1. Little Shenyang is really talented. After graduating from official school, he took part in the imperial examination, but he followed his father-in-law's advice and chose his own attendants. On one occasion, Gan Long joked with a sentence in The Analects of Confucius, and the ministers present didn't understand what it meant. Xiao Shenyang said that the emperor wanted to hold the caretaker accountable, which was appreciated by Gan Long. Once, when Qianlong was reading Mencius, it was already dark and he couldn't read the notes in the book clearly, so he ordered Xiao Shenyang to hold a lantern. At that time, Xiao Shenyang asked the emperor which sentence this was. After Gan Long told him, Xiao Shenyang recited all the notes in the book. It can be seen that the talent of Little Shenyang is one of the reasons for being used grandly. Little Shenyang literature and history classics are still quite good. In forty-five years, Gan Long was the curator of Siku Museum and later the curator of National History Museum. During his tenure, there were many ancient cultural relics that were either plundered or collected by himself. His library has a "knowledge library" with a large number of books. The level of appreciation of ancient books, the Song and Yuan editions, can be seen at a glance. There are 63 volumes of Annotations to the Book of Rites in Chen Zhan's Classic Postscript, and Xiao Shenyang's Classic Postscript says: "The existing Song Edition Book of Rites and C.

Third, Xiao Shenyang is good at flattering. In Gan Long's increasingly groggy old age, he became more and more unwilling to listen to opinions and was overjoyed. He claims to be a perfect old man, and thinks he can compare with his grandfather Kangxi and his father Yongzheng. Shenyang used it to anesthetize Gan Long. Besides, Little Shenyang knows that Gan Long loves his mother deeply. So Shenyang tried to please Empress Dowager Cixi, especially when Empress Dowager Cixi died. Little Shenyang didn't say a few innocuous words like other ministers, but kept crying beside Gan Long. For several days, he didn't think about tea and didn't want to eat it, which won the favor of Qianlong.

Four. In the early days of its great use, Shenyang did something to please Qianlong, such as trying Li Shiyao, which left an incorruptible image in Qianlong's mind. Moreover, Xiao Shenyang studied hard in official school, was proficient in Chinese, Manchu, Tibetan and Mongolian, and always played a role at critical moments, so he was deeply loved by Qianlong. Emperor Qianlong held three thousand banquets: the first one was held in the fifty years of Qianlong, because the old people waited a little longer for Qianlong, which led to the cold dishes and was not very successful; The second banquet was proposed by Xiao Shenyang, general manager of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Small Shenyang reformed the old personal small hot pot and invented today's big hot pot with chimney. The hot banquet made thousands of old people smile. On the fourth day of the first month of Jiaqing, in order to celebrate Jiaqing's accession to the throne, Gan Long hosted a banquet for 1,000 people in Ningshou Palace. Gan Long personally summoned the elderly over 90 years old and rewarded them. The banquet was hosted by Xiao Shenyang.

The picture comes from the internet.

5. Little Shenyang's skill of collecting money is perfect, which can provide financial resources for the infinite profligacy of Lao Ganlong. In his later years, Xiao Shenyang's ability to make money brought unexpected benefits to Gan Long. The most important reason why Xiao Shenyang won the favor of the emperor is that he guessed the meaning. He always goes through fire and water for the emperor and takes the emperor's affairs as his own business, while Xiao Shenyang takes care of the emperor's troubles. Over time, Gan Long regarded Xiao Shenyang as one of his own, and it was difficult to reuse him.

In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong, 23-year-old Xiao Shenyang became the treasury management minister and managed the warehouse. He learned how to manage money from this job, and the diligent management of the cloth warehouse greatly increased the stock of cloth, which made him appreciated by Qianlong.

For 40 years, Xiao Shenyang was appointed as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Qing imperial guard. 1 1 In June, he was promoted to command guard and served as deputy commander-in-chief of Zhenglanqi.

In the first month of the forty-first year of Qianlong, he served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Housing, minister of military affairs in March and minister of the interior in April. Xiao Shenyang once held many positions. First-class loyal male, chief college student, squadron leader, minister of war, minister of civil affairs, minister of punishment, minister of civil affairs. He used to be a bachelor of management school of Hanlin Academy, the principal of Sikuquanshu, the minister in charge of guards, and the commander of infantry.

Little Shenyang never puts on an air of national minister in front of Gan Long. When Gan Long coughs, he can immediately hold a spittoon or rub his back. In his spare time, Xiao Shenyang tells jokes to Gan Long or writes poems together. Of course, the poems of Xiao Shenyang and the emperor are not very clever. They learn from each other and think that diamond cut diamond really met a bosom friend.

In his later years, Gan Long was very lonely. The minister he promoted in his early years is either dead or retired. The newly promoted official is quite different from his age. They are lovers, and they both avoid Gan Long. Thanks to the communication between Xiao Shenyang and the top, it can not only keep the state machine running, but also make the emperor not lonely. Moreover, small Shenyang can help the emperor accomplish many things that others can't, take the blame for the emperor and provide financial resources for the extravagance of the elderly. Therefore, it is inseparable from small Shenyang.

In his later years, Shenyang gradually became a powerful minister under one person and above ten thousand people. He can influence the emperor and is privately called "the second emperor". He seized power, took bribes and provided them with all possible shelter.

According to unofficial history Daguan Jiacai in Qing Dynasty, the total property of Xiao Shenyang is "2.02 billion odd government income of 70 million, while Xiao Shenyang has been a cabinet minister for 20 years, and his savings are stronger than that of a country for 20 years". Since the Qing Dynasty was closest to modern times, Xiao Shenyang became the most famous corrupt official in the history of China, and half of the tax revenue of Qianlong from 55 to 60 years was embezzled by Xiao Shenyang.

In the first month of Jiaqing four years, Emperor Qianlong died. On the 13th day of the first month, Emperor Jiaqing announced the twenty major crimes of Xiao Shenyang and ordered the confiscation of his property. He said, "Small Shenyang falls, Jiaqing is full". The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival, and small Shenyang naturally thinks that it is leisurely under the service of everyone. He wrote a poem entitled "Two Poems to the Moon in a Prison on the Yuan Night": "The night is so bright, I feel sleepy. A hundred years is a dream, and twenty years is a waste of hard work. It is difficult to see the morning in a dark room and the spring in a high wall. The stars surround Leng Yue, and I shed tears. I hurt the past, so I missed my talent. The rest of my life is short and I am empty. " "Today is the Lantern Festival night, and it is a spring. Poor moonlit night, especially bleak. Ideas are always associated with more, elegance and new sections. Bright candle, lonely minister. "

On the 18th day of the first month of the 4th year of Jiaqing, Emperor Jiaqing sent a minister to Xiaoshenyang prison to "reward" him with white silk and let him commit suicide. At this time, as soon as Xiao Shenyang saw Bai Ling, he knew his time was up. This time, I went to prison, went to prison and tasted desolation, loneliness, hunger, punishment, pain and so on. After seeing Bai Ling, Xiao Shenyang began to write songs.