How to deal with the social security of the elderly in rural areas?

Social security for farmers and rural elderly in China

1. At present, the state's policy towards farmers and rural elderly:

Article 45 of the Chinese People's Constitution stipulates that "Chinese people * * * and Chinese citizens have the right to get material help from the state and society in case of old age, illness or incapacity to work. The state develops social insurance, social relief and medical and health undertakings that citizens need to enjoy these rights. "

article 3 of the law of the people's Republic of China on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly: "the state and society should take measures to improve the social security system for the elderly, and gradually improve the conditions for ensuring their life, health and participation in social development, so as to achieve a sense of security, medical care, health and happiness for the elderly. Article 2 The state establishes an old-age insurance system to ensure the basic livelihood of the elderly ".

The social security law (draft) has only one sentence: "Full coverage". I can't see anything, and I don't mention anything about the protection of farmers and rural elderly. This is a retrogression. The promulgation of this draft is not only unconstitutional, but also in violation of national and international laws and regulations. For example, in 1933, the International Labor Organization included rural social endowment insurance, disability insurance and will insurance into the scope of the treaty. This also shows that those departments that shout for integration with the international community are silent on these issues.

It turns out that our country has social security policies, but those policies have nothing to do with farmers and the rural elderly. The original social security policies only protect the rich and the vested interests, which are completely irrelevant to the disadvantaged groups, farmers and the rural elderly. It is also a violation of the Constitution and laws.

Recently, some various social insurance regulations in urban and rural areas have been promulgated, all of which exclude farmers and rural elderly, especially the social security for the elderly. The strangest thing is the recently promulgated regulations for rural war fighters to participate in social security. It is also expressly stipulated that veterans over 6 years old cannot participate in social security, and it is also stipulated that workers and industrial and commercial households are required to participate, which has caused some people to apply for business licenses at high prices (of course, to cope). Few people can participate, so we can't help wondering why such a policy was introduced. At the time of formulating such a policy, we knew that most of these combatants were over 6 years old now, and the policymakers still wanted to introduce such a nominal policy. For example, Liao Yuhui, He Zongyou, Liu Yuancheng and Xiong Hualiu, veterans of Vietnam War in our town, can't participate in social insurance because they are over 6 years old. These policies are all manifestations of discrimination against farmers and rural elderly.

In terms of social security in our county in 2, there were elderly retirees from shipping companies who applied for social security. As long as they paid 8,5 yuan to the Social Security Bureau, they could go to 32 yuan every month. According to this method, it only took more than two years to collect their own money. In this year, according to our policy of emigrating to Jiaba Reservoir Area, the elderly people in rural areas who lost their land paid 3, yuan in compensation for their national cultivated land to the Social Insurance Bureau, and they can only receive 19 yuan every month. The calculated data will take 13 years and two months to receive the money they paid. It takes more than two years for enterprise workers to collect their own money, but it takes thirteen years and two months for farmers to collect their own money. Enterprise workers only pay 85 yuan, and farmers will pay 3 yuan. This is the difference between urban and rural areas. This is the difference between workers and peasants, and this is the policy formulated by the Social Security Bureau that violates the Constitution and laws. This is also a replica of the same life with different prices. It is a big joke that the proportion of payment and collection of landless peasants and enterprise employees is four times that of enterprise employees and farmers.

Fortunately, a new social security system for the elderly in rural areas is being implemented in Gongxian County, Sichuan Province. As long as the elderly over 65 pay a lump sum of 4,8 yuan, they can take 1 yuan to their death every month after paying the handling fee of 1 yuan. This proportion of payment and collection is better than that of the old peasants who lost their land in our county for more than 13 years. However, a one-size-fits-all approach needs to be studied. It is more realistic to "pay more and get more". According to the soaring prices, there is a big shortage in 1 yuan every month. In violation of the provisions of the law on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly, the elderly should be raised from 6 to 65. This is also in conflict with the law.

There is also a social security policy that individual industrial and commercial households can participate in social insurance, but farmers can't, which obviously only takes care of the rich, and it is also against the Constitution and laws to re-enter the human region with no money and no power. This obviously requires farmers to buy a business license at a high price in the industrial and commercial bureau (which is fake in the first place) and pay for social insurance in the social insurance bureau (with factual basis).

There are already laid-off workers in our area who have purchased social insurance. Those under the age of 6 will pay 4, to 5, yuan for the late payment, and they will receive more than 1,1 yuan per month after reaching the age of 6, as long as they get the paid money in more than three years.

In some places, the elderly farmers who participate in social security pay a one-time fee, but only receive 1 yuan every month. This 1 yuan is bought with money. What can 1 yuan do? Everyone in rural areas is in 15 yuan, and it is still distributed free of charge.

On June 25th, p>9, the State Council reported that "the new rural social insurance was piloted in 1% of the country". Fortunately, the pilot has always started. There is no harm in everything, but the sooner the better.

Fortunately, some people have been calling for farmers and the elderly in rural areas for a long time:

On November 7, p>8, Premier Zhang Dejiang of the State Council said, "Governments at all levels should play a leading role in improving the social security system, further utilize the function of social security in distributing and guaranteeing basic living, increase consumer demand and promote economic development".

On November 7th, p>8, Wang Jinxiang, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said, "Develop social security to stimulate consumption and expand domestic demand".

On October 27th, p>8, Li Yining, an economist, said: "The minimum living guarantee will help to expand domestic demand".

On May 21st, p>9, Wu Guobin, a master of law, said: "Rural social security is the cornerstone to resist the financial tsunami".

On June 19th, 29, at 17:14, Zhang Weiqing, a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said, "At present, funding is not the first priority, but the key is whether we are determined to achieve this goal."

The plight of farmers and rural elderly people without social security

According to national statistics, there are more than 1 million rural elderly people over 6 years old in China, accounting for more than one tenth of the national population, and it is still increasing. Sun Guibao, a member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said: By the middle of this century, there will be 4 million elderly people in rural areas, accounting for one third of China's population and one quarter of the world's population.

Because the rural elderly have no social security, some people have savings and are afraid to spend. My husband and wife are both elderly people over 65 years old, with four children outside. We have to plant more than 2 acres of contracted land at home and feed pigs, chickens and so on. Some money is reserved for those who have no labor. Because there is no guarantee, they have to work until they die.

Peng Huashan of Xinchun Village in our town, at the age of 93, still has to work in the fields and carry manure up the mountain to grow food.

Mr. and Mrs. Yang Deyun in Tiangong Village, a new town in our county, are both in their seventies. Their daughter-in-law is working outside the home, and the contracted land at home has to be planted, and their grandchildren have to take care of it, and their 98-year-old father has to support them.

Zhao Chengshou and his wife in the democratic village of our town are both over 8 years old. Their children go out to work, and the old couple have four grandchildren at home, and they have to work and produce at home. That is to raise their children and raise their grandchildren.

The old couple Wang Defu in Xinjiang Village of our town are at home, farming and growing vegetables, and they have to pick vegetables and sell them on the street. I have to look after two grandchildren at home. I have to raise an 8-odd old mother in the world. I have my own savings, so it is hopeless to pay for social insurance.

There are too many problems of the elderly in rural areas.

Compared with some elderly people who have social insurance and retirement pension, it's still a shame to go fishing and play mahjong after meals. It's a big difference!

There are several ways to provide for the aged in rural areas, which only account for a few of the rural elderly: one spouse provides for the aged, that is, one spouse has retirement or pension, and both spouses use one person's money to provide for the aged; Social pension, nursing homes and subsistence allowances are a minority, accounting for only 1.2% of the elderly in rural areas; Children provide for the elderly, which is unstable. Children give more if they have money, and give less if they have less money. They have to subsidize their own labor and production. Some children take their parents to the city, and those whose children have stable jobs should stay longer, otherwise they will go home at any time for various reasons. These elderly people who go to the city with their parents are not gregarious with the elderly who have income in the city. The old people in the city all talk about their salary, while the old people who go to the countryside only complain about their poor life. Some migrant children take their parents to the city to look after their children and do housework. Have no contact with society, just move at any time with the needs of working. Due to the restriction of hukou, I will go home after my children have built the city.

For those who have many children, there are many problems in filial piety, and the elderly are treated as "turning around the cows", which is quite common in rural areas. There are still many things that are old-hating, old-hating, old-abandoning and old-abusing, which can be seen in many cases, all of which have a certain relationship with the problem of the elderly in rural areas.

We often boast that our country has achieved the speed of foreign countries for decades in economy and construction in a short time, but we never compare the social security of farmers and rural elderly with that of foreigners.

The contribution of farmers and rural elderly to the country

In the revolutionary war, farmers were fighting for the revolution, and in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, there were more than 3 Japanese troops in Sichuan, all of whom were farmers. In the war of liberation, countless farmers fought bloody battles; In the counterattack against India and the Vietnam War, there were not farmers' sons fighting: up to now, there are not farmers' soldiers in national defense construction. However, the social security policy makers have forgotten all about it.

in the national construction, the construction of roads, railways, bridges, factories, cities and water conservancy projects is the main force. Farmers not only have to contribute, but many of them are free. Can these projects be done without farmers? Our happiness today is not the work and contribution of farmers. Can it be achieved? We have repaired roads, schools, government offices, power stations, supply and marketing cooperatives, hospitals and so on for free. Is the farmer's sweat in vain like this? Is the farmer's money wasted like this? You know, in the face of disasters in those years, farmers tightened their belts and engaged in agriculture and industry at the cost of their lives. At that time, the people who starved to death were farmers, not the guaranteed urban people now.

For a long time, farmers have paid agricultural taxes to the state free of charge, which is also rare in the world. Forcing farmers to pay grain, pork, cotton, sugar, oil, tea, etc. to cities at low prices, is the contribution of farmers still less?

In the first few years after the reform and opening-up, it was fine. After the farmers solved the problem of food and clothing, arbitrary charges became popular in rural areas. Some departments in rural areas pocketed the arbitrary charges, and some departments built cities. For example, the office buildings of industry and commerce, land, family planning, power supply and other departments would have today's high-rise buildings if there were no arbitrary charges and fines for farmers?

farmers and rural elderly people should make contributions to the country and society as long as they have a breath. For example, in May this year, we raised funds to repair roads in Group 6 of Xinchun Village in our town, and even the elderly in their 8s had to pay a share. Everyone paid 125 yuan, and a family of eight people raised more than 1 thousand yuan. You know, building roads is not only beneficial to farmers themselves, but also sells more national products such as cars and motorcycles when they go to the countryside. There are also 7 groups in Xinchun Village, and each person has to raise more than 1,6 yuan. The state's direct subsidies to grain farmers can't cover these fund-raising funds. There are also three groups of Zhoujia in Jinya Village, our town. The couple are nearly seventy, and they have to support their 95-year-old mother. The 95-year-old mother has to contribute to the collective and the country. This year, there is also a rural road investment, and each person has to pay more than 3 yuan.

according to statistics, xinhuanet reported on December 31, 26 that "the national agricultural tax will be abolished to reduce farmers' burden by 12 billion yuan every year", which also proves that farmers will contribute 12 billion yuan more to the country every year. Is this number still short?

Du Ying, Department of Rural Economy of the Development and Reform Commission, said: According to statistics of some scholars, in the 25 years from 78 to 23, low prices took away 2 trillion yuan from farmers.

Professor Qiao Xinsheng's article on September 16, p>6: Over the past 79 years, the state and cities have accumulated 9 trillion yuan of assets from the transfer of rural collective land.

the above two sets of data have not yet counted the arbitrary charges and fines imposed by the statistical departments in rural areas, and have not yet counted the data of migrant workers selling their labor at low wages in cities. This is of course a big astronomical figure. Industry feeds back agriculture, and it is the slogan of government officials to urge more and take less. For years, it was just talk.

is there no way to solve the social security for farmers and the elderly in rural areas?

When it comes to social security for farmers and the elderly in rural areas, all government departments say they have no money to handle it, and all shake their heads like splashing waves. What's the truth?

1. Social security for the elderly in rural areas is a one-time payment, and it will take several years to collect the paid fees. That is to say, in previous years, the state paid the premiums to the insured by stages, and in the past few years, the state would not invest. Insured people continue to invest to maintain the operation of social security institutions. It will take several years for the state to invest. The difficulty lies behind. Later, because of the continuous improvement of the national economy, there is no problem of funds.

2. Pay by levels, and implement "pay more and get more" and "pay less and get less"; Older people pay less, because these people receive it for a short time; The younger ones pay more because they take a longer time to collect. Make a reasonable way to take care of the situation of most people. According to the principle of voluntariness, it will be handled by stages and batches. Self-payment, state subsidy. For example, more than two-tenths of the 1 million elderly people in China can pay, and each person pays 3 thousand, which is 6 million. In the past few years, the state will not subsidize it, because it will take several years for each person to pay the fee. People keep paying in. People are constantly being led out. Just like a bus, the trunk is always full. Social security agencies can also use premiums to invest in surplus. Plus a few years later, the national economy is improving. The problem of funds is even less serious.

3. Reducing public funds for eating and drinking, bus consumption, and public funds for traveling, these three phenomena are a cancer that the broad masses hate, a public hazard to society, and the government has said that it will be eradicated. Now it is getting more and more rampant. According to the news of Xinhuanet on May 23rd, 28, the financial expenses for going abroad at public expense in 1999 were 3 billion yuan, the bus consumption in 24 was 48.5 billion yuan, and the public funds for eating and drinking were 2 billion yuan. Every year, the three public spending is one trillion yuan. As long as this part is compressed a little, it will be enough for the social security of farmers and rural elderly.

4. Reduce some unnecessary performance projects and image projects. The taxpayer's money is used by government officials to make his own appearance, performance and image. For the sake of his own official position and interests, he did not hesitate to work hard on his achievements and image. I don't want to spend money on the livelihood projects of farmers and rural elderly. Don't want to contribute, such as the corruption case of the White House government office building in Fuyang, Anhui Province. For example, Suijiang County, Yunnan Province is a poor county, a Xiangjiaba reservoir area and a stop-building area. But the construction of the government compound has never stopped. The county government compound was built after the notice of suspension of construction. The strangest thing is that in July this year, it was said that an immigration conference would be held in Suijiang, with the participation of people from the Yunnan provincial government. For the sake of image and political achievements, a venue was illegally built in front of the newly-built government compound from May to June, which cost more than two million yuan. You know, social security for farmers and rural elderly in Suijiang county has not been done yet. People's livelihood projects do not engage in a project that only