Introduce General Chen Qingzhi.

Chen Qingzhi (484~539) was a native of A Liang in the Southern Dynasties. It is estimated that he is the son of a civilian scholar or a small official who is neither too poor nor too rich (ZSZSZSZ later wrote in his praise letter, "He is not a noble family"). In ancient China, especially after the Jin Dynasty and before the Sui Dynasty, the boundary between civilians (lower landlords or scholars) and gentlemen (upper landlords or scholars) was quite strict, and civilians rarely got ahead. Moreover, his martial arts is very poor: "A horse can't do it without digging holes." Therefore, teenagers in Chen Qingzhi, perhaps including middle age, spent their time as court attendants.

His master at that time was Liang Wudi Xiao Yan. It is very interesting to talk about Xiao Yan. This man was very clever in the early days, but suddenly he became confused when he was old. There are three things that make him a laughing stock: the first thing is to flatter the Buddha, which means to build a temple. The problem is that he is stingy and unwilling to spend money, and the people really have no money, so someone gave him a bad idea: to be a fake monk and let the ministers redeem themselves. It's like a child cheating. Secondly, the floating mountain built a weir to prepare water for Shouyang City, and the third floor fell. This is the child's wishful thinking and stubborn temper. Secondly, listening to gossip made Prince Xiao Tong very angry. This third thing is very severe, causing generations of people to glare at him. Xiao Tong died "in one's hand sigh ash, health men and women, run outside, crying all the way. Unfortunately, there will be a promising emperor in the future.

Chen Qingzhi followed such a childish emperor. First, he has been playing chess for more than 20 years: "Gao Zu is good at chess. Every time at the end of the night, his peers are tired, but they stay up all night, ready to listen." But his resume for the first half of his life is blank except this. It was not until 525 AD that Chen Qingzhi got the first chance to lead the troops in his life, when he was 42 years old. Moreover, on that occasion, the troops were appointed as general Wuwei and other generals to meet the defection of Yuanfa monks in Xuzhou, the secretariat of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and they did not win the battle. As the initial array of a generation of famous players, it is too lacking in momentum.

Therefore, Xiao Yan appointed Chen Qingzhi as the general, and the head coach Wende led the troops to escort Wang Xiao to take over Xuzhou. Of course, it was impossible for the Northern Wei Dynasty to lose Xuzhou, a strategic place, and sent Yuan Yanming and Yuan X, two royal families, to lead twenty thousand troops and set up camp in Xikou area to prepare for the invasion. Without further ado, Chen Qingzhi approached the enemy camp after receiving the news. From one to ten, this is the first battle he actually participated in, and it may be the closest to the enemy's strength in all his battles. As a result of the battle, the 20,000-strong army in Erjin was beaten by the 2,000-strong army in Chen Qingzhi and fled.

Originally, the battle was won or lost, but Chen Qingzhi's immediate boss, Xiao Zong, had something wrong: Xiao Zong's mother, Wu Shuyuan (pseudonym, Hougong Palace), was probably the concubine of Xiao Baojuan, the last emperor of Qi, and she gave birth to Xiao Zong after following ZSZSZSZ for seven months. Later, Wu told Xiaozong that Xiaozong himself began to suspect that he was actually Xiao Baojuan's child, so according to the folk custom at that time, he quietly dug up Xiao Baojuan's grave and dropped his blood on Xiao Baojuan's bones. "As the saying goes, the bones of the dead with the blood of the living are father and son", and the result did seep in. He hesitated to believe it, killed one of his sons to have a bone test, and the result was infiltrated again. Xiaozong is convinced of this. Xiao Yan's brother and family were killed by Xiao Baojuan, and Xiao Baojuan's family was killed by Xiao Yan. Bao Juan's younger brother was still in the Northern Wei Dynasty, serving as a general in the town east, and being the secretariat of Yongzhou, he founded the country. There is a deep hatred between the two families named Xiao. Since Xiao Zong showed that he was Bao Juan's son and Yin Bao's nephew, he didn't talk nonsense. He took several people to Yanming's tent overnight. Coach to defect, Chen Qingzhi no matter how hard it is, so we have to cut off the retreat. The battle was not won, but both countries have known the name Chen Qingzhi since then.

In 527 AD, Chen Qingzhi captured Yang Guo from Cao Zhongzong. Judging from the fact that he has less troops but a holiday and can participate in military aircraft, he is probably a supervisor. Yuan Zhao, the imperial clan of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and others led 150,000 rescues. The soldiers of the former dynasty rushed to expand and build, and the war was on the verge. At that time, Chen Qingzhi, who had only 200 people, suggested a night attack, while another general, Wei Fang, thought that the enemy's forward troops were all elite and it was difficult to win. Chen Qingzhi was probably a little political at that time, and finally said that none of you would go, and I would take my 200 people. So, he led his men to attack forty miles long and defeated the vanguard troops of the Northern Wei Dynasty overnight!

"Bailing Guanzhai" was also made by Gan Ning, but it was harassment, and Chen Qingzhi was purely a blitzkrieg of annihilation. Sure enough, the northern Wei army heard that the vanguard troops had been eaten before they stood firm, and the whole army was frightened, slow to act and its morale plummeted.

But the strength contrast between the two sides is too big, and the general who led the troops is not Chen Qingzhi himself. Therefore, the two sides fought near Yang Guo for nearly a year and fought hundreds of times. The outcome is undecided, but the Northern Wei Dynasty has set up a camp behind Liang Jun, forming a potential attack. Cao and Wei, fighting no longer, are ready to retreat. Chen Qingzhi stopped the troops at the gate of the camp with a holiday, saying, "* * * has been here for a year, and wasted a lot of money on food wars. The army has no fighting heart, but they all seek to retreat. Do they want to make contributions and get together to copy critical ears? It is said that if you kill a soldier, you can survive. You must win a big battle and then fight again. If you want to be a teacher, there is a secret to celebrate the difference. If you commit it today, you will die. " In fact, he shouldn't have any secret letters. Cao and Wei Wen-zhi, frightened, ordered them to go out. Chen Qingzhi immediately led an elite raid on the 13th battalion of Northern Wei reinforcements, which he thought was indestructible, and won a great victory. Wei Jun's body silted up the Huaihe River tributary.

Seeing this, I remembered Sun Quan's evaluation of Lv Meng: "It is better to have birds than no birds." But I made the mistake of being smart again: compared with Chen Qingzhi's later military achievements, these are simply too weak to mention.

In 529 AD, there was chaos in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and powerful people such as Xiao, Er Zhurong became independent one after another. Those who have no power, Rainbow Yuan Qi of Beihai, have to rely on other countries to become their own emperors as in the Spring and Autumn Period. So Yuan Hao surrendered to Liang and couldn't refuse, so he sent Chen Qingzhi, the general of Mao Yong, with 7,000 troops to send Yuan Hao to Luoyang to claim the title of emperor. This action is more accurate than recklessness. If only 7,000 people can really capture Luoyang, the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty with millions of soldiers, the Northern Wei Dynasty has long been destroyed by Liang. How can we wait until Yuan Hao borrows soldiers? Besides, Xiao Yan doesn't believe this thing is really profitable. George W. Yin Bao is a ready-made example. The Northern Wei Dynasty showed utmost forbearance to him, but he still rebelled as usual, even if he took the life of Xiao Zong. Therefore, Xiao Yan is probably just perfunctory. More likely, before he went to war, he probably quietly told Chen Qingzhi, whom he regarded as his confidant, that he left just for fun.

But it was this perfunctory effort that made Chen Qingzhi famous.

Yuan Hao didn't intend to really lay the foundation of Luoyang. Soon after he sent his troops, he proclaimed himself emperor, sealed a bunch of official posts for Chen Qingzhi, and appointed him to fight alone. So in the continuous spring rain, Chen Qingzhi led a mere 7,000 people and started a fabulous trip to the Northern Expedition.

Chen Qingzhi conquered Xingcheng and marched into Suiyang. The Shoujiang of Suiyang is called Qiu Daqian, the guy who was defeated when Chen Qingzhi defended with ten times the troops. Now this battle is almost a replica of the original: 7 thousand against 70 thousand, the same against 10, the same military strength, but this time Qiu Daqian learned his lesson and built nine battalions to resist. But the result is the same: Chen Qingzhi captured the three of them in one morning, and Qiu Daqian completely lost his fighting spirit and surrendered. After this war, another unlucky Yuan happened to hit the gun: he led 20,000 guards to occupy Kaocheng to stop Chen Qingzhi, which was surrounded by water and vulnerable to attack. Chen Qingzhi "built a floating base", captured Kaocheng and captured Hui Yuan, and "rented 7,800 cars".

After the victory, Chen Qingzhi continued to March on Luoyang. Along the way, there were many places where the wind fell, and the Northern Wei Dynasty, which had basically stabilized, finally began to face up to this almost arrogant team. Counter-insurgency upstart Er Zhurong himself is also a famous soldier, and cavalry tactics never let people go. How can he tolerate this small army running amok? Besides, northerners rode horses, southerners took boats, and a southerner, Chen Qingzhi, led 7,000 cavalry into the hinterland of the Northern Wei Dynasty. How ridiculous it seems to cavalry general Er Zhurong!

So Er Zhurong mobilized more than 200,000 troops, led by Yuan Tianmu, Er Zhutumer, Lu 'an and others, and surrounded Chen Qingzhi, which could not attack Xingyang. There are 70,000 defenders in Xingyang, 300,000 against 7,000. Er Zhurong felt that Chen Qingzhi must really be unable to escape this time.

Unexpectedly, the encirclement has just formed, and before it can attack, Chen Qingzhi has captured the seventy thousand defenders in Xingyang! According to historical records, Chen Qingzhi made an impassioned general mobilization and personally drummed, and the vanguard troops had already boarded the city wall! Chen Qingzhi, who occupied Xingyang, saw more than 200,000 reinforcements from the Northern Wei Dynasty, which matched the gate. He didn't want to defend the city at all, but personally led 3000 cavalry to kill the enemy.

3,000 to 200,000, mostly cavalry. After this battle, "northerners ride horses and southerners take boats" has completely become the past. Chen Qingzhi's 3,000 troops wiped out 200,000 reinforcements from the Northern Wei Dynasty. "Luan begging, Yuan Tianmu, vomit childless ride alone. "Chen Qingzhi probably still don't feel satisfied, just by the way, with the three thousand people went to Hulao Pass. There are 10000 elite tiger guards, Jules Shilong, who are in danger. They didn't dare to take part in the battle and fled overnight. At this point, Chen Qingzhi is only one step away from Luoyang, but he didn't have a chance to fight Luoyang, because Luoyang didn't give him a chance, and the defenders of Luoyang, Yuan X and Yuan Yanming, surrendered directly. Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, sealed a bunch of official positions in Chen Qingzhi, and then began to learn from other monarchs.

Yuan Tianmu, who was defeated by Chen Qingzhi, suffered repeated defeats and wars. He also assembled a cavalry unit of 40,000 people to harass near Luoyang. Chen Qingzhi sent troops to attack, but most of them surrendered before hitting the enemy. Yuan Tianmu only ran a dozen people north to cross the Yellow River. In this way, Chen Qingzhi troops set out from X County and spent four and a half months before and after, hitting Luoyang, capturing 32 cities, and fighting 47 times in the field, winning every battle. There were few casualties in his 7000-episode series. Because Chen Qingzhi's troops were wearing white robes, there was a nursery rhyme near Luoyang at that time: "Great generals and famous teachers should not be imprisoned, and thousands of troops and horses should avoid white robes." In other words, no matter how awesome you are or how many people you have. Better bypass this unit!

After receiving a series of defeat reports from his men, Er Zhurong really couldn't sit still and finally made his own move. He dumped almost all the soldiers under the control of the Northern Wei Dynasty, claiming to be a million, and attacked Luoyang from north to south. Under the pressure of Er Zhurong, small towns near Luoyang rebelled in succession. Chen Qingzhi, in Hao Yuan's view, did not want to take Nanliang's promise seriously from the beginning, although he made great contributions. Hao Yuan can't be important to him. Chen Qingzhi himself is very clear, he volunteered, to hold the Luoyang gateway north of the Yellow River. Er Zhurong was impulsive and determined to compete with Chen Qingzhi, so he vigorously attacked Chen Qingzhi and fought eleven battles in three days. Seven thousand Chen Qingzhi troops defeated one million Erzhurong troops with heavy casualties. Er Zhurong was desperate and ordered to retreat.

At this time, the army astrologer Liu Zhu advised Er Zhurong not to retreat. Er Zhurong also figured it out. He and Chen Qingzhi had no choice but to copy Hao Yuan's lair. Although Er Zhurong couldn't beat Chen Qingzhi, it was more than enough to beat ten Yuan Hao-Luoyang was quickly captured and Yuan Hao was killed. Chen Qingzhi completely lost its northern base, so it had to retreat eastward, ready to go back to health. Er Zhurong heard that there were ready-made bargains to be picked up, so he led his army to chase them, but the chase was too funny: he chased them far, but he didn't dare to chase them too close, so the two armies dragged them all the way to the Henan border, and Chen Qingzhi was ready to lead his army to cross the river, but the sudden flash flood ruthlessly washed away his invincible troops.

This is the only chance for Chen Qingzhi to die on the battlefield in my life. Unfortunately, no general was worthy of this honor at that time, so God let him escape again. Chen Qingzhi pretended to be a monk and sneaked back to Jiankang. I wonder if Er Zhurong, who chased him to the river, was in the mood before he "won". In short, he must be unhappy.

In 530 AD, Chen Qingzhi, who led a successful counter-insurgency, was appointed as the military secretary of Liangnan, Beisi, Western Regions and Henan, and was also the secretariat of Nansi and Beisi. The Northern Wei Dynasty added soldiers six times, and was defeated by Chen Qingzhi. After several campaigns, the Northern Wei Dynasty dared not disturb it for several years. At this time, Chen Qingzhi showed his outstanding talent as a politician. He stopped fighting and managed to enrich the granaries in several States.

In 536 AD, Chen Qingzhi ushered in the last battle of his life. The Eastern Wei Dynasty (Northern Wei Dynasty perished in 535) sent Hou Jing (notorious in history books) to attack Chuzhou with 70,000 troops, and Hou Jing won a total victory. In pride, Chen Qingzhi surrendered. Chen Qingzhi's men were less than 10,000 at that time. Emperor Liang was very nervous and hurried back. Xiahou Kui led his men to help. Shortly after the departure of the two armies, news came from the front that the Hou Jing team had been completely annihilated, and Hou Jing left the trench and fled alone.

From then on, no troops dared to pick on Chen Qingzhi. Three years later, a generation of famous Chen Qingzhi died in office at the age of 56. And his weak figure in a white robe, like the legend of Luoyang for 65 days, is firmly engraved in history. Since then, the Southern Dynasties have changed several times, and finally fell into the hands of Han Qinhu.

After liberation, Mao Zedong read and reread The Official History of Chen Qingzhi, circled and underlined many places in the biography, and wrote affectionately: "Read this biography again, and be fascinated by it" (Zhang Yijiu's Reading History).