Folk Wushu is so powerful, why can't it stand the actual combat of professional Wushu?

Recently, a "fighting madman" who practiced MMA challenged China's traditional martial arts, led by Tai Ji Chuan, and almost shocked most of China. Although this matter has subsided on the surface, who can stop it once the hole is pierced and the dark tide is surging?

This is not only the challenge of modern western martial arts to China traditional martial arts, but also the challenge of modern professional martial arts to folk martial arts.

There is nothing new under the sun. Since the opening of the country, the exchange and collision between Chinese and western cultures have always existed, and the complex relationship between professional Wushu and folk Wushu can be traced back to the era when Wushu came into being. From ancient times to the late Qing Dynasty, professional martial arts was military martial arts. Until the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, new guns entered the army in an all-round way, and traditional military martial arts withdrew from the category of military technology, thus ending professional martial arts in China.

Modern western free fighting has inherited the mantle of ancient professional martial arts to the greatest extent, although it has become a competitive sport on the surface.

The evolution and development of China folk Wushu is much more complicated. Although it was born out of military martial arts, it was deeply infiltrated and nourished by China's thought and culture from the very beginning, and it has distinctive China cultural characteristics. Although it has been suppressed by professional Wushu for a long time in the long years, it still grows and develops tenaciously. After the disappearance of professional martial arts (military martial arts), it finally broke out in a revolutionary leap and shined brilliantly.

The Water Margin also vividly describes the characteristics of professional martial arts and folk martial arts in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and the relationship between them. It can be interpreted as the history of China Wushu and the history of the relationship between professional Wushu and folk Wushu. It's strange if you read the history of martial arts of various factions while reading novels, and don't bow down to Uncle Shi!

▲ Li Kui jy

The first time I thought about this problem was during the period of "commenting on the water margin and criticizing Song Jiang". I was telling you the story of the Water Margin that day, and a guy said coldly with an independent thinking expression:

"Li Kui jy is a villager, and the axe is still so happy?"

He means, Li Kui jy, as a villager, how can he learn martial arts? Martial arts are only available to generals in the city!

I was shocked. In my impression, which is also the impression of most people, Wushu has always been hidden in the deepest part of ancient temples and villages, and only here can the highest master be produced! What is this guy thinking?

But gradually, with the deepening of my understanding of the water margin, I realized that this guy said something extraordinary, even like a key. Through it, we can get a detailed and vivid answer to the characteristics and relationship between professional Wushu and folk Wushu in Water Margin. Now let's read it together-

At the beginning of the novel, Wang Jin, the 800,000 imperial coach, fled to Jianghu in order to avoid persecution by Gao Qiu, preparing to go to Yan 'an's old-school running "xianggong" and settle down in a martial arts court. On the way, he stayed in Shijiazhuang because his mother was ill. When he saw the Nine-grain Dragon Brocade turn a stick into a windmill, he slipped his tongue and said, This stick won't work. You can't win a real hero.

The youthful Shi Jin was naturally furious and said, Who are you to laugh at my skill? I have met seven or eight famous artists, and I don't believe you! Do you dare to compare with me?

▲ Wang Jin

Thanks to Shi Taigong's care for their mother and son, Wang Jin gently picked Shi Jin with a stick, and then said to Shi Jin: You studied Hua Gun, but you fought beautifully and it was useless. Take Shi Jin as a disciple, re-teach 18 kinds of martial arts, and make Shi Jin jump into the ranks of first-class masters. From then on, Shi Dalang began to step into a magnificent life path.

This is the first difference between professional martial arts and folk martial arts: one is practicality, which can go into battle to kill the enemy. The other one is beautiful, but flashy and can't win a real hero.

They have different purposes. The purpose of professional (military) martial arts is to kill enemies, while the purpose of folk (Jianghu) martial arts is to defeat opponents and protect themselves. Besides, it has other uses, such as performance function. Like Shi Jin's master, Jong Li, who fights tigers, sells drugs in Weizhou and uses guns and sticks to attract customers. If his martial arts are not gaudy and beautiful, how can he have a chance to sell plasters?

It is human nature to love beauty, even men, even martial arts men. That's why Qi Jiguang ordered that it is forbidden to spread fancy martial arts in the army, such as "juggling around, flowers and plants everywhere", "trying to look good in front of people" and "just to please others".

The most important thing is the condition.

▲ Qi Jiguang (1528, 165438+ 10 month, 12- 1588, 65438+ 10 month, 5), the name Jing.

For example, the representative of professional (military) martial arts, armed combat immediately, is an example. How can ordinary people have this condition except the army and the door? You must have horses, venues, armor, protective gear, long soldiers and so on, which are beyond the reach of ordinary cultivators and even so-called Jianghu heroes. The most terrible thing is that you must have such a master. He is not only proficient in martial arts, but also experienced in dealing with the enemy. He taught you the lessons and subtleties summed up with blood and life, and practiced with you countless times in the closest way to actual combat until he became a conditioned reflex and could be used on the battlefield.

Is this martial arts the highest in the family? "Li Kui jy is a villager, and the axe is still so happy?" Does it make sense?

Even so, Qi Jiguang still thinks it's great that you can use three points on the battlefield, because you have learned a lot of martial arts! Even if you can swallow saliva for the first time on the battlefield, it is good!

Li Zhongxuan dictated "Legend of Wulin" and said: "It takes ten years to go to the battlefield."

The real battlefield should be in the army. Although there are many fights in the Jianghu, they are much lower than those in the army. Up to now, it is most like the free fight of professional martial arts. Its highest state is to defeat the enemy with one move-KO, and the worst is to win by points. Modern folk martial arts are rarely really fought, and fighting is also "give me a hand." Let me tell you how to beat you. There is not even a counting game.

▲ Hu is a character in the novel Water Margin, and Huyan Zan, the founder of the Song Dynasty, is a direct descendant.

Get down to business. In the water margin, military martial arts crushed folk martial arts (Jianghu and even Qinglin) 57 times. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Hu Yilian broke the water margin around the horse, but was broken by Xu Ning, a colleague and teacher of the Golden Gun Class. Hu fled to Qingzhou, in order to win credit, he wanted to eradicate the Peach Blossom White Tiger and the Dragon Mountain for Murong Magistrate. He insulted Kong Liang and Shi Jin's former master, and then fought with Lu and Yang Zhi respectively. Hu was very surprised: "How did you get out of these two? What a wonderful life! Not a means in the green forest! " The following is his conversation with Mr. Murong magistrate:

Nonsense: "We tried to catch turtles in a jar, but we were rescued by a group of strong men for no reason. The second encounter included a monk and a blue-faced man, neither of whom won nor lost. These two martial arts are extraordinary and not green forest means, so they have never been won. " Murong magistrate said, "This monk was mentioned by the former official of Yan 'an Prefecture. This time, Luda became a monk. His name is Lu, a Buddhist monk. This green-faced man is also an official of the Tokyo Palace Shuaifu. His name is Yang Zhi, a green-faced beast. There is also a monkey named Song Wu, who used to be the leader of Wudu in Jingyanggang. These three men occupied Erlong Mountain, ransacked houses and houses, repeatedly rejected the enemy's government forces, and killed three or five thieves. So far, they have not been caught. " Hu said, "I think these two guys are skilled in martial arts, but this turned out to be Yang and Lu's trick? , well deserved! Don't worry, Hu Yan Burns has seen what they can do. It's just a matter of time, I'll take the officials alive one by one. "

This conversation is full of extremely rich information, so don't miss it. Every time I see this, I don't know how to bow down to Uncle Shi!

▲ Song Wu is an important figure in Shi Naian's classic Water Margin.

First of all, professional officers and professional martial artists are only willing to treat each other as equals. These three men are both professional officers and martial artists, and they generally despise the so-called good Jianghu. Hu Yan burned to the point where the world-famous Song Wu didn't pick us up, dismissing us. Very easy to understand. If you tell Liu that there is an excellent table tennis player on a cement table in a small mountain village, will he ignore you?

Secondly, Hu befriended Lu Da first, and then Yang Zhi. The magistrate of Murong also said that Lu Da came first, then Yang Zhi, and Nuts said, "So it was Yang Zhi and Lu Zhishen? Well-deserved! " Obviously, this is because he and Yang Zhiyuan are both founding stars. The career in my heart is vividly displayed here.

Hu also said to him, "I saw what they can do. Only in the morning and evening, I took these officials alive one by one." This is not bragging, but my belief in winning. "If you fight, you have courage", and if you are full of courage to win, you may not win. A little hesitation, it's all over.

Hu best embodies the second difference between professional (military) martial arts and folk (Jianghu) martial arts, that is boxing.

Hu is a first-class horse rider, so what if he loses his weapon and has no horse? Back to the seventy-ninth "Song Jiang two defeats Gao Taiwei" battle, Hu Yanhuo burned Han Cunbao, two people hit this level:

Both of them lost their weapons in the stream, their helmets disappeared and their armor was falling. The two men only fought with their bare fists in the water, one punch at a time, and the deep water dragged the shallow water. The positive solution can't be dismantled, and a tiger army came to the shore. The first thing is that there is no arrow to clean up. They caught him and took Han Cunbao alive.

Isn't it a bit like a bachelor fight? But think about it, what can you expect two people wearing heavy armor to do? But then again, what would happen if it was Song Wu?

The characteristics of military martial arts from Hu to Dao have been fully expounded. The purpose of military martial arts is to kill the enemy, which requires weapons. Qi Jiguang in Ji Xiaoxin's book? There is a clear statement in the Outline of Boxing Classics: "Boxing seems to have no skill of pre-war, and it is the door for beginners to enter the art." A general should learn the art of war without spending time and time, so-called "ten thousand enemies", thinking about how to lead troops, how to fight and study strategies and tactics. To the highest level, it is "strategizing and winning thousands of miles"?

The technology of folk Wushu is mainly boxing, with short and light weapons, such as single knife, sword, stick and spear. Song Wu, a Wu Shen produced by folk martial arts, is really an anomaly, and his fist and fist kung fu can be described as making the gods cry. Wu is recognized as the most wonderful part of Water Margin. However, the light behind Song Wu's going to Liangshan was greatly reduced, and its brilliance was not even as good as that of Wei Chi Sun Li, who was ill in bed, which was determined by the characteristics of military martial arts and folk martial arts. I will talk about the martial arts of Song Wu in my next article.

Now the topic is back to Li Kui JY. Li Kui jy's martial arts is really not so good. Jiao Ting tripped him, and Yan Qing tripped him. But who is Li Kui jy? What a killer star! Dedicated to killing people! You can beat him, but he can kill you. Fifty-three times, Uncle Shi borrowed words: "I punished him for digging too hard." It shows Uncle Shi's indignation and sorrow over the evil of human nature. Li Kui jy seems to best embody the essence of military martial arts.

It is Li Kui jy that fully demonstrates the third difference between professional (military) martial arts and folk (Jianghu) martial arts ―― military martial arts is a killing method of "opening a large array and attacking the enemy", emphasizing the coordination of "marching forward" and "advancing in unison", such as the Jiugong Bagua Array in Liangshanbo, the serial horse in Hu Yanzhuo, and the combat team of Li Kui jy ―― Li Kui jy waving two big ones in front. Seeing this, do you think of Qi Jiguang's mandarin duck array-the dragon card of "long and short soldiers, long and short soldiers", clever tactical cooperation and strong military discipline, and finally defeated the enemy who likes to fight alone with collective "Qi Yong"?

Now, Fiona Fang, what do you think? "Li Kui jy is a countryman, still waving an axe so happily?"

Official team work of history museum: Gou