Won the favor of the countryside Classical Chinese translation

1. Translation of "The Biography of Lu Su" in classical Chinese

Lu Su, whose courtesy name was Zijing, was from the east city of Linhuai. He was born without his father and lives with his grandmother. The family is rich in wealth, and the nature is good at giving. At that time, the world was in chaos, and Su did not take care of his family affairs. He scattered his wealth and goods, sold his land, and made it his business to relieve the poor and the disadvantaged, which greatly won the favor of the towns and villages.

Lu Su, courtesy name Zijing, was from Dongcheng County, Linhuai County. His father died when he was born, and he lived with his grandmother since childhood. Lu Su's family was wealthy and he was good at giving. At that time, the world was in chaos. Instead of taking care of the family business, Lu Su squandered the family wealth and sold the family property like garbage at a low price ("潽" means to throw away, to abandon. "In the Thirteenth Year of Gongyang Chuan Zhuang Gong": "After the alliance was formed, Cao Zi left with his sword", and the money he earned was used exclusively to relieve the poor and make friends with the world's heroes. Everyone was overjoyed by his righteous deed (if someone sprinkled money on the road today, I think everyone in the city would be overjoyed with him).

Zhou Yu, as the chief of the nest, sent hundreds of people to wait for him and asked for food. The Su family had two bunches of rice, each with 3,000 dendrobiums. Su refers to one bunch and Zhou Yu. Yu became aware of its strangeness, so they got married to each other and divided them into Qiao and Zha. When Yuan Shu heard his name, he appointed him as the Chief of the East City. Su saw that his skills had no rules and disciplines and were not enough to establish affairs, so he took more than a hundred old, weak, light warriors and young people to the south to live in his nest. When Yu traveled to the east, he stayed home because he was traveling with him. Hui's grandmother died and was buried in Dongcheng.

Zhou Yu was the magistrate of Juchao County at the time. Hearing that Lu Su was philanthropic, he led hundreds of people to visit and try to ask for some funding to observe Lu Su's capabilities. At that time, Lu Su's family had two warehouses ("囷" means a round warehouse), each with 3,000 dendrobium meters. Lu Su gave one of them to Zhou Yu with just a finger. From this, Zhou Yu became more and more aware that Lu Su was indeed an extraordinary person, so he became close to Lu Su and established a friendship like when Zichan and Ji Zha hit it off at first sight. The two of them seemed to be old acquaintances (see "Zuo Zhuan Xianggong's 29th Year"). Yuan Shu heard of Lu Su's reputation and appointed him as the county magistrate of Dongcheng. Lu Su saw that Yuan Shu acted without discipline and was not someone who could be trusted, so he led more than a hundred people, including the old, weak, women and children of the family and the young knights (that is, hooligans) from the countryside, to Juchao south to seek refuge with Zhou Yu. When Zhou Yu crossed the Yangtze River eastward to join Sun Ce, Lu Su also went with him, and then settled in Qu'a. Later, when his grandmother died, Lu Su returned to Dongcheng to bury her.

Lu Su complained about the gift. Some mainland friends believed that this was simply a robbery led by Zhou Yu. Juchao County Magistrate Zhou Yu led hundreds of people to the rich man Lu Su's house to ask for some financial assistance. But if we really want to understand the brilliance of heroes' actions, we must use heroic logic to understand heroes. Zhou Yu and Lu Su were both leading figures at that time. When they met, they would definitely fall in love at first sight and cherish each other. Their blood could be shed and their heads could be severed, so what does three thousand dendrobium rice mean? Looking at Zhou Yulu Su from a secular perspective, we really underestimate the hero and our own situation. However, I think the original intention of those mainland friends was to deliberately misinterpret the text of "The Biography of Lu Su" in order to satirize the many vulgar people nowadays who do not value historical materials and are opposed to it.

Liu Ziyang was friendly with Su, and left a letter to Su saying: "Nowadays, there are many heroes in the world, and my son is very talented, which is especially suitable for today. I am in a hurry to welcome my mother, and I have nothing to do in the east city." "There are more than ten thousand people near Zhengbao Lake. The land is fertile and there are many idle people in Lujiang. How about I just look at the situation and gather together, so I can't lose the time and move quickly." The answer is solemn. After the burial, I returned to Qu'a and wanted to go north. Huiyu had moved Su's mother to Wu, and Su Gu used adjectives to describe Yu. At that time, Sun Ce had died, and Quan still lived in Wu. Yu said to Su: "In the past, Ma Yuan replied to Guangwu, saying, 'In today's world, not only the king chooses his ministers, but the ministers also choose the king.' Today, the master is close to the virtuous and distinguished people, and he records the strange things. Moreover, I have heard from the sages’ secret opinions that those who will inherit the Liu family will surely rise in the southeast and advance the situation. When they finally build the foundation of the emperor and coordinate with the heavenly talisman, it will be the autumn when the martyrs climb the dragon and fly with the phoenix. There is no need to mind Zi Yang's words." Su followed his words. When Yu recommends a talented person to help him, he should be widely compared to him in order to succeed in his career, and he should not be asked to leave.

Liu Ye (ziyang is Liu Ye's nickname) had a good friendship with Lu Su, and wrote a letter to Lu Su: "Nowadays, there are many heroes in the world. With the talent of one step, we must succeed in the world." It is too easy to make a career today. I should invite your father back from Qu'a as soon as possible, and stop staying in a small place like Dongcheng. Recently, Zheng Bao started an uprising in the fertile Chaohu, and attracted tens of thousands of people. Most of the people in Lujiang are attached to him, let alone us. Seeing that Zheng Bao is in the right place and recruiting wise men, you should follow me and defect to Zheng Bao as soon as possible. Don't miss the opportunity." Lu Su agreed with Liu Ye's opinion. , so after his grandmother's funeral was completed, Lu Su returned to Qu'a and planned to take his mother to Jiangbei to join Zheng Bao. Unexpectedly, Zhou Yu had already invited his mother to live in Wujun, the base camp of the Sun family. Lu Su told Zhou Yu about Liu Ye's suggestion to defect to Zheng Bao. By then Sun Ce was dead and Sun Quan was still in charge of Wu County. Zhou Yu said to Lu Su: "In the past, Ma Yuan once answered Emperor Guangwu: 'In today's world, Not only the lord is looking for capable ministers, but the ministers are also looking for lords who can give full play to their talents. "Now my lord Sun Quan is close to the virtuous and distinguished people, and he is looking for talents. What's more, I have heard the prophecies of the sages (the secrets of the sages are prophecies. Prophecies). Most of them are prophecies about the future written by nominal ancient sages. The most famous prophecy in the late Eastern Han Dynasty is "The person who will succeed the Han Dynasty will be Tu Gaoye." It records that the person who replaces the Liu family and receives the destiny will rise in the southeast. I have carefully studied the general trend of the world and found that what this prophecy talks about is the era we are living in now. Therefore, my lord, Sun Quan, will definitely be able to become an emperor and fulfill the talisman of heaven. This is the time for martyrs to show their talents by climbing the dragon and attaching themselves to the phoenix. I will assist Mr. Sun to fulfill this destiny, and I hope that you can work hard with me. Don’t worry about Liu Ziyang’s words! Lu Su then listened to Zhou Yu's advice and stayed in Jiangdong, while Zhou Yu recommended to Sun Quan that Lu Su's talents were enough to help the times, and the most urgent task at the moment was to recruit talents like Lu Su to achieve great things. 2. Today's people, quit Official and hidden in the countryside, classical Chinese translation

Bochengzi Gaoci worked for the princes, and he was the best in the world. How can it be the same today when people resign from their official positions and live in seclusion, living in villages and towns?

——"Huainanzi Volume 13 General Commentary"

Literal translation: (in the past) Bocheng Zigao did not want to be an official, refused to be named a prince, and preferred to return to his hometown to live in seclusion and farm. , everyone in the world thinks that he is of noble character; if people today refuse to be officials and live in seclusion, their (status) will be lower than that of the villagers. How can this be compared!

Free translation: (In the past) Bocheng Zigao did not want to be an official and refused to be named a prince. He preferred to return to his hometown to live in seclusion and farm. Everyone in the world praised him; if people today refuse to be an official and live in seclusion, even the people in the countryside will They all look down upon them, how can they be compared!

The main point of contention here is the translation of "Nowadays, when people resign from office and live in hiding, they are under the jurisdiction of the countryside."

Hidden place: seclusion is a verb, because it is associated with resignation, but it expresses a relationship of succession, while hiding place is another action.

"Wei" under the township, if it is interpreted as "in the countryside", how can it be connected with the semantic meaning of "How can we be the same" in the following text?

Moreover, the main point of the previous article is that times change and laws change.

I secretly thought that "for..." refers to status. 3. "Reading Answers and Translation of "Lu Su Zi Zijing"" Original Text and Translation of Ancient Poetry

Author: Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 5~9.

Lu Su, whose courtesy name was Zijing, was from the east city of Linhuai. The family is rich in wealth, and the nature is good at giving.

At that time, the world was in chaos, and Su did not take care of family affairs. He scattered wealth and goods, sold fields, and made it his business to relieve the poor and the disadvantaged, which greatly won the favor of the towns and villages. Zhou Yu, the chief of Juchao, sent hundreds of people to wait for him and asked for food and supplies.

The Su family had two bunches of rice, each with three thousand hu of dendrobium. Su Nai pointed out Yiyi and Zhou Yu. When Yuan Shu heard his name, he appointed him as the Chief of the East City.

Su saw that his skills had no rules and disciplines, and were insufficient to establish affairs, so he took more than a hundred old and weak generals, light knights and young people to the south to live in the nest. Liu Ziyang was friendly with Su, and left a letter to Su saying: "Nowadays, there are many heroes in the world, and my son is very talented, especially today.

Those who are close to Zheng Bao are now in Chaohu, with more than ten thousand people. The land is fertile, and many people in Lujiang rely on it. How about my disciples? Observe the situation, and you can gather everything, don't lose the time, and do it quickly. "Su answered his plan and wanted to go north.

Huiyu has arrived in Wu, and Su Ju said adverbial Yu. Yu said to Su: "In the past, Ma Yuan replied to Guangwu Yun. In today's world, not only the king Choosing ministers, ministers also choose kings'.

Today, my master is acquainted with the virtuous and noble people, and I have heard the secrets of the sages. I have heard that the person who inherits the Liu family will definitely rise in the southeast, push forward the trend of events, and when they are counted, they will eventually form the foundation of the emperor. , with the heavenly talisman, it is the autumn when martyrs climb the dragon and fly with the phoenix. In order to achieve this, I don’t need to use Ziyang’s words to introduce my thoughts. "

Su followed his words. Because Yu recommended Su to be a suitable assistant, he should widely seek his comparison in order to achieve success and not let him go.

Quan is seen. Su, I was very happy with the words. The guests left, and Su also left. He invited Su back alone, and they met together on the couch to drink.

Because of the secret discussion: "The Han Dynasty is in danger now, and all directions are in danger." Yun Nuo, I inherited the legacy of my father and brother alone. Since you are patronizing me, how can you support me? Su replied: "If Su steals the information, the Han Dynasty cannot be revived, and Cao Cao cannot be killed." For the general's plan, the only way to stand in the east of the Yangtze River is to watch the provocations in the world.

With such a scale, it is understandable. Which one? The north is full of many things.

Because of his multi-tasking, he wiped out Huang Zu and attacked Liu Biao. He took control of the Yangtze River and conquered it. Then he established the title of emperor to benefit the world. This was the career of Gao Di. "Rights are precious. Important.

(Selected from "Three Kingdoms: Biography of Zhou Yu, Lu Su and Lu Meng", abridged) 5. Regarding the explanation of the punctuated words in the following sentences, one of the incorrect ones is (3 Points) A. Su Jian Shu Wu Gang. Discipline. Social order and national laws and disciplines. B. No need to use Zi Yang’s words to introduce the meaning. It is also stored in the heart and cares about it. C. Achieve achievements with success. D. Rights and interests. Expensive. Heavy. High in value. 6. Among the following sets of sentences, the one with the same meaning and usage of the punctuated words is (3 points) Su Nai refers to Yi Yi and Zhou Yu A.B. Su Ju Yi. Adverbial Yu Nai. Carrying the old and the weak There are more than a hundred young men and women who watch the world's provocations. They are very happy with their words. C.D. Because of the secret discussion, it is based on the evidence. Because of their multitasking 7. The following sentences are organized into four groups, all of which influence Lu Su's surrender. One group of Sun Quan's reasons is (3 points) ① Yu became aware of his wonders, so he got married ② Now there are many heroes in the world, and my son is talented, especially today ③ Those who are close to Zheng Bao are now in Chaohu, surrounded by thousands of people For the rest, the land is fertile. 4. The current owner is familiar with virtuous and noble people, and he is interested in recording strange things. 5. Since Yu recommended Su to be a suitable assistant, I should ask for his comparison. 6. I inherited the legacy of my father and brother alone. Since you have patronized me, how can I help him? A. ① ③ ⑥ B.①④⑤ C.②③④ D.②⑤⑥8. In the following understanding and analysis of the original text, which one is incorrect (3 points) A. The relationship between Zhou Yu and Lu Su began when Zhou Yu borrowed grain from Lu Su. Without hesitation, he gave half of his family's grain reserves to Zhou Yu, so Zhou Yu felt that Lu Su was a friend worth keeping with. B. Liu Ziyang was a good friend of Lu Su. He once wrote to Lu Su, suggesting that he defect to Zheng Bao. Zheng Bao occupies the rich Chaohu Lake and has tens of thousands of people under his command. He is a lord worth relying on.

C. When Lu Su planned to surrender to Zheng Bao, Zhou Yu and Ma Yuan persuaded Lu Su to choose a good master. He listed the advantages of Sun Quan's possession of Jiangdong and hoped that Lu Su would surrender to Sun Quan with him. D. Sun Quan accepted Zhou Yu's suggestion and accepted Lu Su, and asked Lu Su for advice, and Lu Su stated the pros and cons. , suggested that Sun Quan should seize control of Jiangdong and gain hegemony.

9. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese (1) To help the poor and make friends.

(3 points) (2) There are so many people in the Lujiang River, how can I be a disciple? (3 points) This is the time when martyrs climb the dragon and fly with the phoenix (4 points).

From "Guanzi"

Original text:

Any way to govern a country must first enrich the people. If the people are rich, it is easy to govern, but if the people are poor, it is difficult to govern. Xi Yi knows this? If the people are prosperous, their homes will be harmonious, and if their homes are well maintained, they will respect their superiors and fear crime. If they respect their superiors and fear crimes, they will be easy to govern. If the people are poor, they will endanger their villages and neglect their families. If it is forbidden, it will be difficult to cure.

Therefore, a country with good governance will always be rich, but a country with chaos will always be poor. Therefore, those who want to run a good country must first enrich the people and then govern them.

Translation

In general, the principle of governing a country must first make the people rich. If the people are rich, it will be easier to govern, and if the people are poor, it will be difficult to govern. Why do you say that? When the people are prosperous, they will be content in their countryside and cherish their homes; when they are in their homes and love their homes, they will respect their superiors and fear punishments; if they respect their superiors and fear crimes, they will be able to govern easily. If the people are poor, they will not be satisfied with living in the countryside and despise their homes. If they are not satisfied with living in the countryside and despise their homes, they will dare to resist the emperor and violate the prohibitions. If they resist the superiors and violate the prohibitions, it will be difficult to govern. Therefore, a well-governed country is often rich, and a chaotic country is bound to be poor. Therefore, a monarch who is good at presiding over the country must first make the people wealthy and then govern them. 5. Translation of ancient Chinese into modern Chinese

Full text translation:

Du Ji, whose courtesy name is Bohou, was born in Duling, Jingzhao. As a young orphan, my stepmother suffered from it, so I heard it as a filial piety. At the age of twenty, he was a meritorious officer of the county and served as the magistrate of Zheng County. The county imprisoned hundreds of people. Ji personally visited the prison, judged their severity, and dispatched them as soon as possible. Although they were not fully responsible, the county was surprised that they were young and careless. Promote filial piety and honesty, and remove Hanzhong Fu Cheng. When the world was in chaos, he abandoned his official duties in Jingzhou and returned to Jian'an. The Taizu of Xun Yu Jin, Taizu took Ji as the Sikong Sizhi, moved to protect the Qiang Xiaowei, envoy Chijie, and led the Xiping prefect.

At that time, Wang Yi, the governor of Hedong, was conquered, so he pursued Ji as the governor of Hedong. At that time, all the counties and counties in the world were in ruins, and Hedong was the first to be determined to reduce consumption. Ji governs it, advocating tolerance and benefit, and does nothing for the people. When the people tried to quit the lawsuit and there were those who complained, Ji personally saw it as Chen Dayi and sent an order to return to Ji to think about it. If there was something unsatisfactory, he came to Yifu. The elders in the countryside scolded each other and said angrily: "If you have a king like this, why don't you follow his teachings?" Naturally, it is rare to file a lawsuit. In the counties under the class, filial sons, virtuous wives, and obedient grandsons should be promoted, their corvée service should be restored, and they should be comforted and exempted at any time. Gradually, there are rules and regulations for livestock, oxen, horses, chicken intestines, dogs and pigs. The people are diligent in farming and every family is prosperous. Jin Nai said: "The people are rich, so we must teach them." So in the winter months, he repaired the army and taught martial arts, opened a school palace, personally taught the scriptures, and transformed it into a county.

When Han Sui and Ma Chao rebelled, Hongnong and Feng Yi mobilized many counties and cities to respond. Although Hedong is in contact with thieves, the people have no dissatisfaction. Taizu marched westward to Puban, and joined the Wei army with the bandits. The army and food were sent to the east of the river. When thieves destroyed it, more than 200,000 dendrobiums were left. Taizu ordered: "Du Ji, the governor of Hedong, Confucius said, 'Yu, I have been there forever'. The rank will be increased by two thousand stones." When Taizu conquered Hanzhong, he sent 5,000 people to transport them. The transporters took the initiative and said: "Life is subject to death, and you must not betray my master." In the end, no one escaped, and he was so popular.

After the Wei State was established, Ji was appointed as the minister. When things were settled, there was even an order: "In the past, when the troops were in Guanzhong and the bandits were in Hanoi, I have made great contributions to you, so I will give you the job of accepting the advice. I will take care of my Gughu County in the east of the river and enrich it to be able to control the world. So if you are troubled Qing lied down to suppress it. "Ji stayed in Hedong for sixteen years and was often the best in the world.

Translation

Du Ji, courtesy name Bohou, was a native of Duling, Jingzhao. At the age of twenty, he served as a county meritorious official and became the magistrate of Zheng County. There were hundreds of prisoners in the county. Du Ji personally tried the cases and judged them according to the seriousness of their crimes. After all the verdicts were released, they were released. Although not all of them were appropriate, people in the county were surprised by his youth and ambition. . He was elected Xiaolian and transferred to the position of Prime Minister of Hanzhong. When the world was in chaos, he abandoned his official position and lived in Jingzhou. He did not return until the Jian'an period. Xun Yu recommended him to Taizu, who appointed him as the governor of Hedong. At that time, counties and counties across the country were in turmoil and people's livelihoods were in decline. Only Hedong was the first to be stable and consumed the least financial resources. When Du Ji governed the local area, he advocated generosity and benevolence, and managed the people to let nature take its course. The common people once had a lawsuit, and some people told Du Ji about it. Du Ji met them in person, explained the truth to them, and asked them to go back and think about it carefully. If they still couldn't figure it out, he asked them to come back to the house. (Tell them again). The villagers naturally scolded them and said, "You have such a good ruler, why don't you follow his teachings?" From then on, few came to file lawsuits. In the counties under his jurisdiction, all filial sons, chaste wives, and obedient grandchildren were exempted from taxes and corvee, and he could comfort and encourage them at any time. Gradually, people were urged to raise cows, grass horses, and even chickens, pigs, and dogs, etc., and there were regulations. The people are diligent in farming and every family is relatively wealthy. Du Ji then said: "As the people become rich, they must not stop teaching.

So he practiced martial arts in winter and taught relevant knowledge, and opened schools. Du Ji taught in person, and good folk customs were formed in the county. When Han Sui and Ma Chao rebelled, most of the counties of Hongnong and Fengyi responded. Although Hedong County was far away from the bandits, It was very close, but the people were not dissatisfied. Taizu marched west to Puban and stationed troops on the other side of the Wei River with the bandits. All the military supplies were supplied by Hedong. When the bandits were defeated, there was still more than 200,000 hu of food left. Taizu sent out to Hanzhong, and Du Ji sent. Five thousand people were transporting food. The people transporting food encouraged each other and said: "Everyone is destined to die, but we must not let down our ruler." "In the end, no one became a deserter. This is how Du Ji won the hearts of the people. After the establishment of the Wei State, Du Ji was appointed as the minister. After everything was done (the establishment of the country), there was another imperial order: "In the past, Xiao He pacified Guanzhong, and Kou Xun You have the same great achievements as them in pacifying Hanoi, and you will be given the post of admonishment soon. However, considering that Hedong is an important county in the country and a place to replenish the national treasury, which can conquer the world, I would like to trouble you to sit there for the time being. "Du Ji served as an official in Hedong for sixteen years, and Hedong County was always the best governed place in the country. 6. Sun Tai's Chinese translation

Sun Tai was from Shanyang. He studied under Huangfu Ying when he was young. Zhixing's character is very ancient.

Sun Tai's wife is the daughter of his aunt. At first, her aunt entrusted her two daughters to Sun Tai and said, "The eldest daughter has one eye." If something is wrong, you can marry her sister. "

After his aunt passed away, Sun Tai married his aunt's eldest daughter. When someone asked him why, Sun Tai said: "That man has something wrong with his eyes, and he can't marry except me." "

Everyone admired Sun Tai's loyalty. Sun Tai once met an iron lampstand in the city, bought it, and had it cleaned. It turned out to be a silver product.

Sun Tai He hurried to return it to the seller. During the Zhonghe period, Sun Tai would settle down in Yixing and buy a villa with two hundred dollars.

After paying half of the money, Sun Tai went to Wuxing County for a visit and agreed to come back. Then he went to the newly bought villa. Two months later, Sun Tai came back, stopped the boat and walked, and gave the remaining money to the owner and asked him to move elsewhere.

At this time, Sun Tai was shocked when he saw an old woman crying and asked her to ask.

The old woman said: "I once served my parents-in-law here, but my descendants were not good enough, so the villa was occupied by others. Possessed, therefore sad. Sun Tai felt at a loss for a long time, so he lied to her and said, "I just received the documents from the capital and have been appointed to another position. I cannot live here. Your son will be in charge of the place where I live." "

After saying that, he untied the boat rope and left, never to come back. 7. Classical Chinese Translation of Historical Records: The Benji of Gaozu

"Yin" here explains "therefore".

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Let’s start from the beginning. Liu Bang behaved very rudely at Lu Gong’s banquet, but because Lu Gong was a fortune teller, he thought Liu Bang was a noble man, so he drank almost all the wine and was afraid that he would leave. So he hinted to him to stay with his eyes: "Lü Gong stayed with Gao Zu because of his stubbornness. Emperor Gaozu drank wine, and later. Lu Gong said: "I am a young man who likes to look after people. There are many people who look after me, but nothing is better than Ji Xiang. May Ji love himself." I have a daughter who is interested, and I would like to be Ji Ji's concubine. '", implying that he stayed because he wanted to betroth his daughter to him.

Solid, determined. (Lv Gong used his eyes to hint that Liu Bang would stay, and something good will come true for you Liu Ji!)

To stay, to retain.

"Fan" here refers to everything, everything. The meaning of this sentence is that everything I do is to eliminate harm for my father. It's not an infringement, so don't be afraid. (Friends on the second floor said that the meaning of "fanwu" is close to that of "step", which means "step" means to address others respectfully. For example, "step" is elegant and noble...)

Here it represents the above-mentioned incident, rather than the villagers.

The messenger went to the county with the Qin officials, and the translation of the notice is:

So he ordered people and officials of the Qin Dynasty to go to various towns and counties and tell the people: "I, Liu Bang, are here to get rid of harm, not to disturb the people. The reason why the army is stationed in Bashang now is to wait for the princes from all walks of life to arrive, and everyone can communicate with each other." Customize some constraints and regulations).