How to write a composition in junior high school, especially in the examination room

1. Understand the stylistic knowledge of argumentative writing: three elements of argumentative writing, argumentation methods, argumentative writing structure, common argumentative writing methods, argumentative writing types, etc.

2, psychological preparation: want to know what to write. If you are not clear, you can read related books. Famous aphorisms can be said to be a shortcut.

Usually pay attention to accumulation, such as reciting two famous sayings every day, which is a story.

In this way, you have written an argumentative essay. I don't know how well you master argumentative writing, and I don't know if the following content will help you.

First, the three elements of argumentative writing:

1. Argument: It is the soul and commander-in-chief of an article. Any article has only one central argument, and usually there can be sub-arguments. The argument should be correct, clear and general, and it is a complete judgment sentence. Never be ambiguous.

There are generally four kinds of positions in the debate:

① Title

② At the beginning

③ In the middle of the article

④ Ending

Step 2 argue

There are two kinds of materials used to prove arguments: factual arguments and theoretical arguments.

Pay attention to when choosing factual arguments:

(1) must be typical. Both ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. Most people know it, at least in newspapers and TV.

(2) It's better to be fresh.

The statement of the argument should be accurate, the narrative should be summarized, and the argument should be proved.

The argument of choosing truth should pay attention to:

① It can be famous sayings, epigrams, proverbs, proverbs, theorems, formulas, etc.

(2) To be accurate and not to be tampered with or distorted.

(3) It is necessarily related to the argument and can prove the argument.

3. Argumentation: the process of proving an argument with arguments.

① Basic types of argumentation: argumentation and refutation. Argument is discussed from the front, and rebuttal is discussed from the opposite side. We usually write argumentative essays mainly through arguments.

② The basic structural level of argument: syllogism structure.

Put forward the problem (what is it) → analyze the problem (why) → solve the problem (how to do it)

Namely: introduce the conclusion of this theory.

General parameter structure:

A, summation structure b, control structure c, progressive structure d and parallel structure

③ Common demonstration methods:

A, example method (also called example method): use typical cases as arguments to prove arguments. As the saying goes, facts speak louder than words.

B. citation (also called reasoning) can not only quote the theoretical arguments introduced above, but also quote some famous sentences in classical poetry. On the one hand, it can strengthen the power of argument; On the other hand, it can enrich the content of the article and enhance the literariness of the argumentative paper.

C. Contrastive argumentation (also called positive and negative argumentation): This method can enhance the significance of argumentation and let readers know what the author is for and against.

D. Metaphorical proof (also called metaphorical argument) enhances the vividness, literariness and persuasiveness of the argument of works.

Second, demonstrate the concrete embodiment of logic.

The language of argumentative writing must be accurate, vivid, rigorous and targeted.

There should be a very clear logical relationship between paragraphs, such as total score, contrast, progression and parallelism. With the help of turning sentences, this relationship is highlighted. For example, you and, although, but, of course and of course.

Third, argumentative writing needs more philosophical thinking.

Argumentative writing especially punishes evil and promotes good, exhorts and guides people, so it must be persuasive and have a correct value orientation.

Taking political lessons seriously and reading rational articles and famous sayings and epigrams often will improve our ideological quality and cognitive ability, which is of great benefit to our writing, especially argumentative writing. It will enrich the content of the article, deepen the thought of the article and improve the persuasiveness.

Beginners learn how to operate these argumentative papers,

We can start with imitation. Take an article as an example. The most typical is Wu Han's "Talking about the Backbone":

1. Introduction: The topic is put forward at the beginning: We China people have backbone.

Then use Mencius' words to explain the argument that "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent".

2. This part: Prove the argument with three examples: Wen Tianxiang is rich and cannot be lewd; The poverty of the poor who do not eat can not be moved, and the strength of Wen Yiduo can not be bent.

3. Conclusion: Explain the backbone of the proletariat today and issue a call.

There is a transition between the three parts: between introduction and theory, there are "many touching stories of our ancestors with backbone and his positive educational significance." Lead to the following three examples. Between this theory and the conclusion, there is "these words of Mencius, although said more than two thousand years ago, still have his positive significance until now." Make a change.

Between the first and second situations, there is a transition between "another story" and "another example". These transitional sentences make the article seamless.

The three parts answer three questions respectively: the introduction part answers the question "what is it"; This part answers the question of "why (and backbone)"; The conclusion part answers the question "What should we do?".

All three cases are summarized, and each case is followed by a few short sentences. These arguments clarify the meaning of events, tie events closely to arguments, and are the link between arguments. Otherwise, it will be practical, and the argument will be out of line.

You are a beginner in writing argumentative essays.

You can learn to imitate this structure.

The case selected in this paper is very typical. Select three examples from different angles: including the different historical development stages of the Chinese nation from ancient times to the present; The three characters represent the literati class to the common people; From ancient civil servants to modern intellectuals. The heroism shown in these three examples fully proves a central point, "We China people sometimes have backbone".

When writing a paper again, if you use more than two examples, you should also learn to choose materials from different angles.

Bookstores sell complete works of arguments and arguments. You can buy it, choose a topic, think clearly before writing, imitate the above structure, make an outline and start writing. Start writing a short essay, choose an example and a famous saying, and make a book.

Try to write in the above way, and you will succeed.