Appreciation and Translation Notes of Liangzhou Ci

Liangzhou Ci was written by Wang Han and was selected as one of the 300 Tang Poems. This poem is a famous song about the cold scene on the border. The whole poem is about a feast in the hard and desolate frontier fortress, depicting the scene of soliciting customers to drink and get drunk. The first sentence is gorgeous and beautiful, with a clear and pleasant tone, showing the luxury of the feast; In a word, use the word "want to drink" to write a warm scene, and the banquet deliberately exaggerates the atmosphere with music. Three or four sentences were written to the utmost to persuade people to be considerate, to persuade people to drink, to enjoy themselves, to forget their worries, and to be bold and broad-minded. Heng Tang retired and commented, "Being broad-minded makes me feel sad." Commentators always think that they are sad, sentimental and hate fighting. Shi Buhua's "Poems of Servitude" in Qing Dynasty commented: "It is easy to read sad words, but wonderful to read interesting words. Learners understand. " Judging from the content, there is no language that hates military career, and there is no intention to lament the passing of life. It is nothing more than the difficulty of fighting for pain, which is called sadness and seems to be reluctant to part. Shi Buhua's words have their depth. Throughout the ages, many people have different opinions, and scholars since the Enlightenment.

original text

Liangzhou Song

Author: William Wang

Wine luminous glass, want to drink pipa right away.

Drunk lying on the battlefield, you don't laugh, there have been several wars in ancient times.

To annotate ...

1. "Liangzhou Ci": The name of Yuefu in Tang Dynasty is a lyric to praise the frontier life in Liangzhou area. Two poems written by William Wang, Liangzhou Ci, are generous, tragic and widely circulated. This poem "Liangzhou Ci" was praised by Wang Shizhen in Ming Dynasty as a masterpiece in Tang Dynasty.

2. luminous cup: a beautifully carved jade cup. A wine glass made of white jade can be illuminated by lights. It and wine are both specialties in northwest China.

3. Battlefield: flat and empty sand, used to refer to the battlefield in ancient times.

4. Jun: You

5。 Pipa: This refers to the sound used to blow the horn in battle.

6. urge: urge people to go to war

Rhyme translation

Newly brewed wine, full of luminous glasses; Just want to drink heartily, immediately pipa remind.

Please don't laugh even if you are drunk on the battlefield; How many men have come back alive since ancient times?

translate

Grapes and wine were filled with luxurious glasses, and when I was about to drink them, the pipa immediately sounded, as if urging me to fight. I got drunk on the battlefield. Please don't laugh at me. Throughout the ages, how many people who have been on the battlefield have come back safely?

explain

William Wang's "Liangzhou Ci" is a timeless swan song, which touched the weakest part of countless warm-blooded men's hearts. The first sentence is "luminous glass of wine". Look, what a picture this is! Wine is rich in the western regions, and the cup is a moonlight treasure cup refined by white jade. Good wine with a good cup, in such a war-torn era, in such a cold frontier where materials are so scarce, how rare it is to have such a feast. I think it should be a celebration dinner just after winning the battle, otherwise how could it be so extravagant and cheerful!

In the second sentence, "Hurry up if you want to drink the pipa", just when everyone was ready to drink, the band also played the pipa, adding a cheerful atmosphere. But the last word of this sentence, "urge", has caused many speculations and different opinions. Some people say it's a hasty start, but it seems difficult to connect with the last two sentences. Some people interpret it as: push, drink or drink. This is also not in line with the unrestrained mental state of soldiers. The word "immediately" is often associated with "beginning". In fact, among the Hu people in the Western Regions, the pipa was originally played on horseback. "pipa immediately reminds" should be a scene that deliberately renders a cheerful feast. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry.

The last two sentences of the poem "Don't laugh when you are drunk on the battlefield. How many times have you fought in ancient times? " According to the poems in the first two sentences, it should be a banquet to drink and persuade wine. Knowing this, the whole poem is naturally integrated in both poetry and poetic context. Some people used to think that these two sentences were "to be broad-minded and sad". Others said: "Pretending to be drunk is extremely sad." Although the words are different, they are all inseparable from the word "sadness". Later, on the basis of three or four sentences, especially the last sentence, it is more useful to summarize the thoughts and feelings of this poem with words such as deep, sad, sentimental and anti-war. It is obviously an exaggeration to say that "how many people fought in ancient times". Shi Buhua said these two poems in Qing Dynasty: "Sad words are easy to read, joking words are wonderful to read, and scholars are easy to understand." ("My servant tells poems") This sentence is quite enlightening to us. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry.

Why is it easy to read sad words? Because it is not preaching the horror of war, nor is it showing disgust for military career, nor is it lamenting the passing of life. Let's look back at the scene of the feast: the soldiers were really in high spirits listening to the cheerful and exciting pipa sound. After a while, they were all a little drunk. Maybe someone wants to put a cup, and then someone in the seat shouts, What are you afraid of? Getting drunk is getting drunk on the battlefield. Please don't laugh. "How many people fought in ancient times?" Didn't we put life and death at risk long ago? It can be seen that these three or four sentences are just words to persuade wine at dinner, but they are not sad. Although some "banter", but also found the most environmental and personality characteristics of the "reason" for getting drunk. Drunk on the Battlefield shows not only bold, cheerful and excited feelings, but also the courage to die, which is consistent with the warm atmosphere shown by the luxurious banquet. This is a joyful feast, and the scene and artistic conception are by no means one or two people drinking to drown their sorrows. The mood reflected by its bright language and fluctuating rhythm is unrestrained and fanatical; It gives people an exciting and yearning artistic charm, which is the characteristic of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. For thousands of years, this poem has always touched the weakest part of readers who like it.

Comment and analysis

Liangzhou is located in Wuwei, Gansu Province, which belongs to Longyou Road in the Tang Dynasty. The music is mostly mixed with the Hu Yin of Kuqa (now Kuqa, Xinjiang) country in the western regions. Guo Zhiyun, the commander-in-chief of Longyou in the Tang Dynasty, presented Liangzhou music scores to Xuanzong during the Kaiyuan period and immediately became popular. Many poets write Liangzhou songs and words according to the music composition to express the frontier customs. This shows that the Tang people absorbed, digested and innovated foreign cultures with an indifferent attitude, and they were rich and powerful. Grapes were introduced into the Central Plains from the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, but the wine-making atmosphere in the Tang Dynasty was still dominated by the Western Regions. The luminous cup is said to be made of white jade in Zhou Muwang era, hence the name "Bright Night Photo". This glass of wine, so full of Alakazam's emotional appeal, is played with a pipa on horseback. Several distinctive images set each other off to make the drinking in the border military camp vivid, touching and incisive. Even if you are drunk and lying on the battlefield, don't make fun-this is not just a slightly drunk remark, but also a painful but liberating life experience. How many people do you think survived the ancient war? Since life is picked up from the battlefield, we might as well watch it more, live smartly, and let it experience its tragic glory in wine, strange cups and Le Hu. Facing the vast battlefield and Hu Feng's banquet, this poem also has the luxury and unrestrained feeling of Tang Dynasty for the experience of war and entertainment, life and death. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry.

The cold and hard environment in the border area and the tense and turbulent garrison life make it difficult for border soldiers to get a reunion dinner. It's not hard to imagine how lucky I am to meet such a passionate and excited mood and the scene of drinking and getting drunk. This poem is a portrayal of this kind of life and feelings. The wine in the poem is rich in the western regions; Cup, according to legend, is a glass refined from white jade in the West Lake in Zhou Muwang era, which looks like "night lamp", so it is called "night lamp cup"; The musical instrument is the pipa used by Hu people; There are also words like "battlefield" and "battle". All this shows a strong border color and the flavor of military camp life.

With passionate brushstrokes, sonorous tones and dazzling words, the poet set the first sentence of this opening-"Night Glass of Wine", as if the curtain suddenly opened, showing a colorful, dazzling and fragrant feast in front of people. This scene gives people surprise and excitement, creates an atmosphere and sets the tone for the lyric of the whole poem. The word "want to drink" at the beginning of the second sentence renders the extraordinary attractive charm of this feast of wine and food, and shows the generous and cheerful character of the soldiers. Just when everyone wanted to drink, the band played the pipa and the party began. The fast and cheerful melody seems to urge the soldiers to raise their glasses and drink, so that the original warm atmosphere suddenly boils up. This poem has changed the syllables commonly used in seven-character quatrains and adopted the syntax of "upper two and lower five", further enhancing its appeal. The word "catch up" here, some people say that it is in a hurry to start, and it seems difficult to connect with the following. Some people interpret it as: push, drink or drink. This is also not in line with the unrestrained mental state of soldiers. The word "immediately" is often associated with "beginning". In fact, among the Hu people in the Western Regions, the pipa was originally played on horseback. "Pipa Prompt" is a scene that deliberately renders a cheerful feast. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry.

Three or four sentences in the poem are catering and drinking to persuade wine. Some people used to think that these two sentences were "be broad-minded and sad." Others said: "Pretending to be drunk is extremely sad." Although the words are different, they are all inseparable from the word "sadness". Later, on the basis of three or four sentences, especially the last sentence, it is more useful to summarize the thoughts and feelings of this poem with words such as deep, sad, sentimental and anti-war. It is obviously an exaggeration to say that "how many people fought in ancient times". Shi Buhua said these two poems in Qing Dynasty: "Sad words are easy to read, joking words are wonderful to read, and scholars are easy to understand." ("My servant tells poems") This sentence is quite enlightening to us. Why is it easy to read sad words? Because it is not preaching the horror of war, nor is it showing disgust for military career, nor is it lamenting the passing of life. Let's look back at the scene of the feast: the soldiers were really in high spirits listening to the cheerful and exciting pipa sound. After a while, they were all a little drunk. Maybe someone wants to put a cup, and then someone in the seat shouts, What are you afraid of? Getting drunk is getting drunk on the battlefield. Please don't laugh. "How many people fought in ancient times?" Didn't we put life and death at risk long ago? It can be seen that these three or four sentences are just words to persuade wine at dinner, but they are not sad. Although some "banter", but also found the most environmental and personality characteristics of the "reason" for getting drunk. Drunk on the Battlefield shows not only bold, cheerful and excited feelings, but also the courage to die, which is consistent with the warm atmosphere shown by the luxurious banquet. This is a joyful feast, and the scene and artistic conception are by no means one or two people drinking to drown their sorrows. The mood reflected by its bright language and fluctuating rhythm is unrestrained and fanatical; It gives people an exciting and yearning artistic charm, which is the characteristic of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poem has been told by people for thousands of years.

Brief introduction of the author

William Wang (687-726), Yuzi, was born in Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi) in the Tang Dynasty. Mr Wen Yiduo's series of Tang poems set William Wang's date of birth and death as 687-726 AD, but did not provide exact material basis.

William Wang, Yu Zi and Jinyang people; Jinshi, give me an honest suggestion and transfer captain Changle. Re-put forward the super-category and call it secretary orthography. "To mind other people's business, to drive others. As Ruzhou with a long history, don't drive in Zhouxian. On the same day, he drank with a gifted scholar and hero, and sat down in Daozhou Sima and died. Most of his poems praise teenagers on the battlefield, exquisite women, singing and feasting. To express his short sigh and broad-minded feelings of eating, drinking and having fun in time. Words are like beautiful clouds, and clouds are magnificent; Siang, like a fairy, is wonderful. His representative works include Two Poems in Liangzhou, A Journey to the Great Wall by Drinking Horses, A Journey to a Woman in Spring, and An Ancient Beauty, among which Two Poems in Liangzhou (Part I) is the most famous. The heroism and sadness revealed in the poem, "Drunk in the battlefield, you don't laugh, and you have fought several times since ancient times", is really soul-stirring, turn over a new leaf and make people listen for three days. The magnificent imagination and kind words full of pearls in the poem "Ancient Beauty" can't help but remind people of the works of Li Bai and Qu Yuan, which is really a touching fairy tale. There are ten volumes in total, and one volume of poetry is preserved today (the first volume of Complete Tang Poetry 156).

When William Wang was young, he was brilliant, brilliant and bold. Tang Ruizong was a scholar in the first year of Jing Yun (7 10). When Zhang was appointed as the secretariat of Bingzhou, she appreciated her talent very much and often treated her with courtesy. Wang Han wrote his own songs and danced with them, which was magnificent and distinguished.

William Wang has a generous personality and often makes friends with literati. In Du Fu's poems, William Wang was praised by the phrase "Li Yong is seeking knowledge, and William Wang is willing to be a neighbor".

William Wang's poems are full of heroic and magnificent sentences. Unfortunately, many of them have been lost. The most famous poem handed down from generation to generation is his "Liangzhou Ci": "Grape wine luminous cup, if you want to drink pipa, you will be urged immediately, and you will not laugh when you are drunk in the battlefield. You have fought several wars since ancient times. " It reveals the author's war-weariness and shows a kind of longitudinal interest. Most of William Wang's first ten volumes of poetry are lost. The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty recorded a volume of his poems, including fourteen poems.

Contrast between English and Chinese

Liangzhou song

William Wang

Wine luminous glass, want to drink pipa, hurry up immediately.

Drunk lying on the battlefield, you don't laugh, there have been several wars in ancient times.

Song of Liangzhou

Wang Han

They sang and drank the jadeite in the toast.

They play the guitar on horseback.

... why are they laughing when they are drunk and asleep on the beach-

How many soldiers have gone home?