Who knows the real experience of Wu Zixu?

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, a military strategist and famous official Dr. Wu was born in Chu State. Wu Zixu's father, Wu She, is the teacher of Chuping Wang Zijian. Being slandered by Fei Wuji, he was killed by King Chu Ping together with his eldest son Wu Shang. Wu Zixu fled to Wu and became an important minister of He Lv, the king of Wu. In 506 BC, Wu Zixu led the troops into Shu, dug the tomb of King Chu Ping, and flogged 300 corpses to avenge his father and brother. Wu relied heavily on Wu Zixu and others, so he became a tyrant. In 483 BC, Fu Cha sent Wu Zixu to Qi. Taizai was so happy that he took the opportunity to enter the DPRK, saying that Wu Zixu was plotting against Wu by Qi. Fu Cha listened to rumors and sent someone to send a sword to Wu Zixu to commit suicide. Before committing suicide, Wu Zixu said to the crowd: Please put my eyes out on the east gate so that I can watch Wu perish. Nine years after Wu Zixu's death, Wu was destroyed by Yue.

Wu Zixu (? ~ 484 BC), a doctor, strategist and militarist of Wu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Member (yún), the word Zixu, was born in Jianli County, Chu (near Wuchang Village, Jianli County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period. Wu Zixu's father is Wu She, and Wu Zixu's brother is Wu Shang. His grandfather's name is Wu Ju, and his descendants are very famous in Chu, because he is honest and good at remonstrating when serving Chu Zhuangwang.

"Wu Zixu-War Sage" said: Wu Zixu is the founder of Gusu City. Up to now, Suzhou still has the gate "Xumen", ancestral hall and cemetery to commemorate Wu Zixu, and they are enshrined in the "500 Sages Temple". 1In the autumn of 988, Mr. Qi Gong, a great calligrapher in China, presented Suzhou with a pair of couplets of "Ancient Sage and Virtue, Wu Yuanxiong Pottery and Wu Xu".

His grandfather's name is Wu Ju, and his descendants are very famous in Chu, because he is honest and good at remonstrating when serving Chu Zhuangwang.

Wu Zixu was originally from Chu. Strong personality, strong martial arts as a teenager, brave and resourceful. In the twenty-third year of King Jing of Zhou (522 BC), because King Chu Ping suspected that the prince was a "diplomatic vassal, he would make an insurrection", he vented his anger on the extravagance of the prince and tricked his father and brother into killing him. Wu Zixu fled to Wu alone.

Before Wu Zixu entered Wu, he followed the King of Chu to Qi. Then to Zheng. Prince Jian and Jin Wang had an affair. Being the inside man of Jin State attacking Zheng State, Wu Zixu persuaded Jane, and Zheng State was loyal to them. How can they betray Zhengzhou? But Prince Jian said that he had reached an agreement with the State of Jin. I didn't listen to Wu Zixu's persuasion. Later, when Zheng found out, he built and killed Prince Zheng. Wu Zixu fled to the State of Wu. Before he arrived in Wu. Out of the capital of Zheng, there is a river crossing out of Zhaoguan. Wu Zixu was very anxious when he saw that there was no boat, and suddenly he stepped out of a fishing boat. When he got off the boat after Wu Zixu, Wu Zixu was afraid that he would tell, so he told the fisherman not to tell. The fisherman is very sad. He wanted him to have a hard time with Wu Zixu sincerely, but Wu Zixu still doubted him. He respected Wu Zixu very much and didn't complain about him. The fisherman rowed his boat to the middle of the river and sank himself to avoid Wu Zixu's suspicion. Wu Zixu saw it and cried, saying that he had killed the fisherman. But some books say that fishermen are not dead. Later, Wu Zixu wanted to destroy the State of Zheng and avenge the Prince Jian, so the fisherman's son sang a song. The old fisherman sang it to Wu Zixu. Wu Zixu thought of benefactor, move troops back to zheng. This is another story.

When he entered Wu, he knew that his son was ambitious, but he took advantage of Zhuan Xu's assassination to seize the throne, so he was regarded as a "pedestrian" (an official in charge of state affairs) to seek state affairs. He Lv, the king of Wu, assisted in repairing the legal system with Ren Xian, rewarded farmers with solid granaries, and ruled battlements with troops. He also recommended Sun Wu, who is proficient in military science, as a general, and selected and trained soldiers to make Wu a strong country in the southeast. According to the strong and weak situation and interest relationship between Wu and neighboring countries, we formulated a hegemony strategy with Sun Wu and others to break the west first and strengthen Chu first, so as to remove the greatest threat to Wu and then serve Vietnam in the south to eliminate worries. In the eighth week (the first 5 12), in view of the weakness of the rulers of Chu, it was proposed that Wu Jun take turns to attack Chu, so as to lure the enemy into battle. When he left, he would return, and when he returned, he would "stop (tired) and make many mistakes" (Thirty Years of Zuo Zhuan Zhao Gong) until the Chu army was exhausted. In the following years, Wu Jun harassed Chu for years, forcing the Chu army to fight passively, and its strength was greatly weakened. Then he prepared to attack Chu on a large scale, and sought Cai and Tang, who had contradictions with Chu, as Wu allies in Wu Zixu, which opened the door to Chu North and created conditions for frontal raid to avoid the defense of Chu army. He also sent troops to attack Vietnam, giving Chu the illusion that Wu would not attack Chu on a large scale, which in turn hit Chu, making Chu use his greedy and incompetent son as commander instead of knowing soldiers and being good at fighting. In the fourteenth year, He Lu, together with Sun Wu and others, led the army down the Huaihe River to carry out a strategic deep raid on the northeast where Chu's defense was weak, and went straight to the hinterland of Chu. With flexible tactics, he defeated Yu Baiju, the main force of the Chu army (now northeast of Macheng, Hubei Province, now north of Hanchuan), and pursued him, marching into Du Ying, Chu (now Jin 'an, 30 kilometers north of Jingzhou, Hubei Province), and finally achieved the goal of breaking Chu (see Bai Baigong). Because of his strong desire for personal revenge, he failed to appease the people in Chu and aroused opposition from all over Chu, making it difficult for Wu Jun to stand on his feet. (When Wu Zixu arrived in Chu, he heard that King Chu Ping was dead, so he pried open the tomb of King Chu Ping and flogged his body with Strafe for three hundred. The people of Chu saw the people of Wu retaliated so much, and the people of the whole country were very afraid. ). "Wu Zixu was a loyal minister in Wu, but he was a sinner in the motherland-Chu. Chen Zhisui, a poet, is very critical of Wu Zixu's attempt to avenge himself by persuading the State of Wu to attack Chu, and to destroy countless lives of the motherland (Chu) by passive war. His poem Xu Shen:' Do you know that Wu was invited to attack Chu for personal reasons? Poor sons and daughters of the motherland, half of them have to pay the price of their lives. ""(Chen Zuoshi's Collection of Classrooms) When He Lu was alive, he entrusted Wu Jiafu to assist him and made him the highest title. The heir is Fu Cha, the king of Wu. Twenty-six years, the war between Wu and Yuefu Pepper made the national subjugation more serious. When Fu Cha was eager to dominate the Central Plains and wanted Yuefu to make peace, Wu Zixu foresaw that the two countries could not survive, and he also had insight into the intention of Gou Jian, the King of Yue, to make a comeback, urging him not to keep his legacy, but to take advantage of it to destroy it.

Yue. Fu Cha refused to accept it and sat idly by the arrogance of the country. Wu Zixu sat for thirty-six years, and saw that Fu Cha was going to lead an army to attack Qi. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, led many people to congratulate him, and once again advised Fu Cha not to attack Qi for the time being, and to destroy Yue first to eliminate the danger in his heart, which was rejected by Fu Cha. Knowing that Fu Cha doesn't know the general trend, you can't remonstrate, and Wu will be defeated by Yue. In order to avoid disaster, he entrusted his son to the Bao family in Qi, but was framed by Tai Zaibo and forced to commit suicide. Ai Bo is from Chu State. After Wu Zixu came to Wu, my uncle went to Wu. At that time, a noodle man said that Bobo was incompetent and could only kiss up. Let Wu Zixu beware of him, but Wu Zixu thinks that he and Bo come from the same Chu State and have a deep hatred with Chu State. Finally, because Gou Jian gave Ai Bo a lot of money and beautiful women, Ai Bo made some slanderous remarks in front of Fu Cha. It is said that Wu Zixu betrayed Wu by sending his son to Qi. Fu Cha gave Wu Zixu the death penalty with his sword. Wu Zixu regarded death as death, and said to his neighbors before he died, "After I die, I will gouge out my eyes and hang them on the east gate of Wujing, watching the Vietnamese army enter the city and destroy Wu." He committed suicide, only ten years after his death, wuyue said. Wu Zixu played an important role in the rise and fall of Wu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. It is pragmatic, far-sighted and resourceful. Wu Zixu is a book on literature and art in the Han Dynasty, with ten articles in one volume. Although it has been lost, it proves that Wu Zixu had his military works before his death. The historical highlight revealed from the wars in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period: The "mixed fleet" formed by Wu under the continuous efforts of kings and famous ministers (such as Wu Zixu) can be called the originator of the China navy, and it deserves its name!

At that time, the classification of ships was: large, medium and small wings (warships), in which the large wing was 20 meters long and 2.7 meters wide, and the division of labor had begun to take shape. Instead of just a gondola, as many iron-blooded netizens said.

Later generations called Wu Zixu "flogging the corpse 300" to vindicate Wu Zixu's life and made two generations of kings in one country. Sima Qian, the Taishi Duke, made a biography for him in Historical Records. However, in the vast historical picture scroll, apart from the classic stories such as Wu Zixu's bald head in Zhaoguan for one night, it is the story of disloyalty and injustice in digging the tomb of King Chu Ping and flogging his body for 300. However, in history, there is controversy about Wu Zixu's theory of flogging 300 corpses.

First, the whipping theory. "Historical Records Wu Taibo Family" says: "Zi Xu and Ai Bo whipped the corpse king to avenge their father." Biography of Historical Records of Wu Zixu said: "When he entered Ying, Wu Zixu asked for the king, but he could not. He dug the tomb of King Chu Ping and gave his body 300 lashes, and then he has. "

Second, the whip grave said. This statement was first recorded in Lu Chunqiu's Punctuality, saying that Wu Zixu "personally shot the palace and flogged 300 Jingping tombs." "Gu Liangchuan Ding Gong Four Years" said that he "leveled the king's tomb". "Huai Nan Zi Tai Xun" and "Yue Jue Shu Jing Wang Pingchuan" also all say that Wu Zixu lashed the grave.

Third, the theory of negation. In modern times, some people completely overturned the theories of "whipping corpses" and "whipping graves". The main reason is that the earliest and most authoritative historical books and records of the Spring and Autumn Period, such as Spring and Autumn Annals, have never mentioned this matter. Zuo Zhuan only recorded that King Chu Ping killed the Wushe family, which was praised by Qu Yuan and written in Wu Zixu. Wu Jun invaded the capital of Chu, when Confucius was alive. Confucius is the most intolerant of traitors and thieves. Wu Zixu brought Wu Ling into the room, dug graves and whipped corpses, which was a heinous crime, but Confucius never mentioned his remarks. Wu Xiurong, the principal of Wuchang Village Primary School in Wu Zixu, said: "Wu Zixu's statement of flogging 300 corpses is a slander against Wu Zixu."

Liu Rumei, 76, is a retired worker in Jianli County Cultural Center. Liu Rumei has studied Wu Zixu for nearly 40 years, and has written "Collection of Folk Stories in Wu Zixu". In an interview with CCTV's The Art of War, he said that there is no dispute that Wu Zixu is Jianli. Although he hated King Chu Ping, the clever Wu Zixu could not whip a corpse with 300 lashes.

Luo, a professor in the history department of Wuhan University, thinks that the idea of flogging corpses is unlikely. From the time point of view, the idea of whipping the corpse is late and the text is short, which is all a rumor. Gu in the late Ming Dynasty and Sheng, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, were also very opposed to Wu Zixu's flogging. Liang Yu Suo thinks that Wu Zixu digs the tomb of King Chu Ping and whips the corpse by 300, so the reigning King Zhao Chu can also dig Wu Zixu's ancestral grave. Wu Zixu couldn't help thinking of this at that time.

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Wuchang Primary School was formerly known as Wu Zixu Ancestral Temple.

Wuchang Village, Jianli County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, was hidden in the endless hinterland of Jianghan Plain in early summer. The villager surnamed Wu said that Wu Zixu was born here. According to the examination, in 6 13 BC and 10 BC, with the help of Dr. Zhu's "participation", * * * merged 26 small countries, taking the lead. In order to thank Shen, King Zhuang gave Shen the land of Chu as a food city. From then on, "Shen" took Wu Wei's name and was named Wu Shen. After Wu Zixu's father Wu She was born, Woody was near Wuchang Village.

As for where Wu Zixu came from, it was once said that he was from Gucheng, Xiangfan, Hunan. Wang Jinping, the taxi driver of Jianli, heard our discussion and said with a smile, "Joke, Wu Zixu is Jianli, and he still has to argue. Jianli people can pass on many stories of Wu Zixu from generation to generation! " Luo, a professor of history at Wuhan University, also objected that Wu Zixu was not Jianli. He said, "Wu Zixu can't be from Hunan. He has only been stationed in Xiangfan Gucheng. He should be Jianli. "

In May, the wheat fields in Wuchang Village were golden. In the middle of a wheat field, a narrow path has been called "horse racing world" by local people for generations. At the end of the horse racing world, there is a place called "Dagutai", and at the other end there is a pond called "Zhanlongyuan". From local folklore, we can find that these place names were named after Wu Zixu's training in his hometown and killing monsters in the lake when he was young.

Wu Xiurong, 50, is a primary school principal in Wuchang Village. "Here is the ancestral temple of Wu Zixu. Unfortunately 1963 someone burned the ancestral hall with a torch. " He pointed to Wuchang Primary School and said.

Wu is 73 years old and is the oldest person in the Wu family. Zhang Heng, an old man in Wu Man, told us that since he can remember, his grandfather told the story of his ancestor Wu Zixu who spent the night in Zhaoguan. "At that time, there was an ancestral hall in Wu Zixu." Old Wu Man Zhang Heng stood behind Wuchang Primary School, pointing to the location of Wu Zixu Ancestral Temple. In his memory, Wu's ancestral hall is a three-room bungalow, with a tall golden statue of Wu Zixu standing in the middle room, where the descendants of Wu are enshrined and the incense is very prosperous.

In Wu Xiurong's attic. The reporter saw a broken brick carving faucet. Wu Xiurong said that in the 1990s, the brick carving faucet was dug up in the former site of the ancestral temple in Wu Zixu, and the old people recognized the origin of the brick carving faucet as a decoration on the roof of the ancestral temple. Later, Wu Xiurong kept this brick carving faucet as a treasure.