What did Galileo invent?

What did Galileo invent? Galileo (Galileo)

Galileo), Italian physicist and astronomer. He was a pioneer of the scientific revolution and inspired the future British physicist Newton. In astronomy, his main contributions are as follows: (1) Observed astronomical phenomena by telescope, and found mountains, canyons and craters on the moon through telescope; The four largest moons of Jupiter; The phases of Venus and sunspots. In physics, Galileo discovered the laws governing falling bodies and parabolas. In the cultural history, Galileo also became a symbol of resistance to authority and freedom to explore the truth. Galileo had six brothers and sisters. When I was young, I was often among the best. 1574, the whole family moved to Galileo's house in Florence, where he was educated as a monk in an old convent school in Brossa. Later, from 1580 to 158 1 year, he entered the University of Pisa to study medicine. Although university courses did not suit Galileo's interests, they provided him with a brief introduction to Aristotle's physics. Galileo's new physics is based on mathematics. Although he is a medical student, with the encouragement of mathematician Ostilio Matteo Ricci, he spends more and more time studying mathematics after class. Once, the decorator of Pisa Cathedral accidentally bumped into the chandelier, which inspired Galileo. He discovered the isochronous law of the pendulum and invented the pulse wave. 1585, he left the university without obtaining a degree. After that, he became a private teacher and wrote some articles about hydrostatics, but he didn't publish any works. During this period, he invented a hydrostatic balance to test the purity of metals. 1 1 month15th, he became a professor of mathematics at the University of Pisa. The famous story "Galileo throws objects from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to prove Aristotle's theory of motion wrong" tells the story of vincenzo viviani, the last student of Galileo and the first person to write his biography. Although Vivian's narratives are sometimes regarded as classics, they are actually exaggerated. Viviani pointed out that Galileo had dropped two objects with the same material but different weights at the same time, in order to refute Aristotle's view that the falling speed was proportional to the weight of the objects. Galileo showed this even in the early stage of his career. However, his manuscript also shows that his concept of free fall acceleration is vague, and he spent a lot of time thinking about the unique speed of an object with a known substance on a known medium. Nevertheless, compared with Aristotle, Galileo's theory has been improved. 1624, Galileo began to write a book called Tidal Dialogue. The relationship between the fallacies of Ptolemy and Copernicus and tidal physics is discussed. 1630, the Roman Catholic church censors issued a license to publish this book, but they changed the title to Dialogue between Two World Systems. This book was published in Florence on 1632 due to the epidemic in central Italy at that time. Although the book was officially approved twice, Galileo was later summoned to Rome for trial on charges of "suspected heresy". Galileo tried to prove that he did not violate the public law of 16 16, but he did definitely write a book supporting Copernicus. He also clearly described Copernicus' theory as "possibly correct" due to accidental negligence-that is, although it has not been proved, it will soon be proved to be correct. This absolutely violates the law of 16 16, as pointed out in the trial: "Catholics can use Copernicus as an auxiliary computing tool, but they can't use it as any real component." When an unsigned report was found in Galileo's file, he was at a further disadvantage. According to the report, in 16 16, Galileo was ordered not to discuss Copernicus theory orally or in writing. When Galileo was tried, Bishop Belamin had died, but Galileo produced a certificate signed by Bishop Belamin, proving that he was not subject to any greater restrictions except the law of 16 16, which was applicable to any Roman Catholic church. And no signed document involving this certificate was found. 1633, Galileo was forced to publicly abandon his previous views and was sentenced to life imprisonment. (Soon, it was changed to permanent house arrest). Dialogue was banned, and slogans against Galileo were publicly posted in every university. A few months after returning home, the death of his eldest daughter made him even more sad. Although Galileo's conviction had some negative effects on some countries or colleges whose education and publishing circles were controlled by the Roman Catholic Church, Heliocentrism was still widely known by students, because Copernicus theory was regarded as a wrong but useful calculation tool. The ideas in the book Dialogue have not been implemented. Whether in Italy or abroad, Galileo's personal prestige in the scientific community is still very high, especially after the publication of his last and greatest book.

Reference: phy.cu.edu/astroworld/vote_astronomers/galileo.

He made the first thermometer to measure temperature and used a pendulum to measure time. Galileo also improved the refracting telescope and used it for astronomical observation. And tanks.

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Galileo invented it? Telescope? Words you don't understand

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