Brief Introduction of Xinjiang Cotton Manuscript

Xinjiang cotton has become an important cotton producing area in China and even the whole world with its unique quality and yield. Xinjiang has a vast territory and abundant sunshine conditions, which provides a unique natural environment for cotton growth.

1, the natural advantages of cotton in Xinjiang

Xinjiang is located in the northwest of China, with dry climate and abundant sunshine. These natural conditions are very suitable for cotton growth. In addition, fertile soil and abundant irrigation water in Xinjiang also provide a guarantee for high yield of cotton.

2. Varieties and quality of cotton in Xinjiang

Xinjiang cotton is well received by the market because of its long fiber, high strength, high whiteness and good color. Among them, the cotton in Bingtuan reclamation area is famous for its long fiber, high strength and good disease resistance.

3. Cotton production and processing in Xinjiang

Xinjiang cotton adopts large-scale mechanized production mode, and the picking mode is from manual picking to mechanical picking, which greatly improves the production efficiency. At the same time, Xinjiang's cotton processing technology is also very advanced, which ensures the quality and stability of cotton.

4. Cultivate improved varieties:

The first long-staple cotton planting center in China —— Institute of Agricultural Sciences, formerly known as Shajingzi Agricultural Experimental Field established by No.1 Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Corps 1953.

Through a large number of backcross and compound hybridization, the institute strengthened the selection of offspring and provided a batch of disease-resistant raw materials for long-staple cotton breeding. 1998 obtained some materials with good disease resistance, which reached the leading level in China. This is also the earliest long-staple cotton variety resistant to Fusarium wilt in China.

The situation of ancient cotton in Xinjiang

(1) Xinjiang cotton originated in South Asia and was called "Northern Hebei" in ancient times.

According to records, the Eastern Han Dynasty was introduced to China and Xinjiang. 1959, a large number of fabrics were unearthed in the tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty excavated in the desert in northern Minfeng County, among which cotton trousers and cotton handkerchiefs were found. 1964, in the tombs of gaochang period in Astana, the Contract of Borrowing Cotton Fabric in the First Year of Peace (A.D. 150) was also found.

(2) In the archaeological excavations in Xinjiang, there are also some discoveries about cotton and cottonseed.

For example, cottonseed from the Tang Dynasty was found in bachu county's tomb in Kashgar. Compared with Turpan in eastern Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang, cotton planting in northern Xinjiang is relatively late. According to the Records of Xinjiang Agriculture, cotton was planted near Huocheng County in present-day Yili Prefecture in Yuan Dynasty, which is the earliest record of cotton planting in northern Xinjiang.