On Ding's Classical Chinese

1. On Ding's ancient prose "Zang Jian"-"Zuo Zhuan" was taken from Song Dynasty in summer and April.

It is not decent to accept it in a temple. Zang Aibo remonstrated, saying, "A gentleman shows the signs of future generations by virtue, because of fear or loss.

Therefore, there are many seats in the thatched cottage in the Ming temple, and there is not enough soup and food, which shows its frugality. Zhou, Guan, Zhou, Zhou, belt, petticoat, width, width, balance, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width, width and so on.

Algae rate, shovel, shovel, shovel, sharp, swimming, tassel, Zhao Qi number also. The characters of fire, dragon, V, V and Zhao can also be seen.

Five colors are more vivid than images, showing their objects. You can also hear cymbals, bears, harmony and bells.

Chen San's flag is clear. Morality, frugality, moderation, landing times, discipline of cultural relics, making statements, taking care of officials, and officials are afraid of discipline.

Today, I will destroy morality and violate it, and put it in the temple to show the official. A hundred officials are like this, but what is the punishment? The downfall of the country is also caused by official evil.

If an official loses his virtue, he will destroy the seal. Gao Ding is in the temple. What a good chapter! The prince of Wu succeeded in doing business and moved Jiuding to Luoyi. The righteous still made mistakes, but the situation would expose the rebellion to the temple, so what! "Don't listen.

Hearing this, Zhou Shi said, "Zang Xun is behind Land Rover! If you violate it, don't forget to admonish it with virtue. " 2 [Translation] In the summer of April in the second year of Lu Huangong, Duke Huan got the legendary cauldron from the State of Song and put it in the ancestral temple, which was not in line with etiquette.

Zang advised: "As monarchs, people should carry forward virtues, prevent behaviors that violate etiquette, and set an example for officials. That's right, and they are afraid of shortcomings, so they should show all kinds of advantages to future generations. So the ancestral hall uses thatched houses, simple cars and straw mats; Gravy is not mixed with five flavors, and grain is not processed into flour and rice to show thrift.

Sacrificial dresses, ceremonial crowns, leather knee covers, jade face plates, belts, underwear, leggings, boots, crown needles, ropes beside the crown, crown belts and crown quilts all indicate the level of seniority. Leather-lined jade articles, decorations on sheaths, cloth belts around the abdomen, drooping tassels, streamers on flags and silk ropes around horses' necks are also symbols of rank.

The fire-shaped, dragon-shaped, axe-shaped, bow-shaped and other patterns embroidered on the dress are just to show the differences in patterns and colors. Using five colors to draw various images imitating the four sides of heaven and earth to decorate utensils and costumes is to show the difference in finding things.

Bells, bells and flags are used to indicate the rhythm of sound, and the sun, moon and stars painted on the flag are used to indicate light. The so-called virtue means frugality with statutes, courtesy with dignity, marking with patterns, colors and utensils, and expressing with sound and light. Only by putting these in front of officials can they feel alert and afraid and dare not violate the law.

Now abandon virtue, set a bad example of violating etiquette, put the cauldron of bribes from other countries in the ancestral hall, and clearly show it to officials. If all officials do this, what is the reason to punish them? The decline of the country is due to officials not taking the right path.

The loss of official virtue is due to the popularity of the monarch's favor and bribery. Now, it is placed in the ancestral temple of Lu. What could be more conspicuous than this? King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty and moved Jiuding to Luoyang. At that time, the righteous still thought they had done something wrong, not to mention putting bribes that were obviously contrary to morality in the ancestral temple. What would he do? "Huan didn't listen.

Hearing this, the official of literature and history of the Zhou royal family said, "The descendants of Zang Sun will probably enjoy the title in Lu for generations!" Although the monarch violated the etiquette system, he did not forget to admonish Zhao De with the truth that violated the rules. " .

2. The difference between Ding Han and classical Chinese translation: Ding Hanyi, a clothing god in Tudun, Luoyang, belongs to the legend of Chang 'an. Yun Chi's mistake was terrible. Lu Sheng, a neighbor to the west, was pleased with it and called a metalworker to make a statue and cast it. Those who have been quenched by strange drugs and hid in caves for three years. The soil and medicine have corroded, and the copper has melted, just like the owner of Dun. Once, give it to dignitaries, treasure it and entertain guests. When Dun accidentally sat down, he knew that it was Lu's thing and said, "Dun also has a tripod. Its shape is too cool. I don't know which one is the real ear." The dignitaries invited them to see it and said for a long time, "It's not true." The guest said, "It's true, not true." Uneven and countless. The masses were humiliated. Dun dared not speak and sighed back: "Now I know the situation is enough to change right and wrong." Longmenzi heard the news and laughed and said, "Why didn't you see me earlier?" Scholars are also in the text. "

A civilian named Shen Tudun in Luoyang has a tripod in Han Dynasty, which was obtained under a deep valley in Chang 'an. Yunfei is staggered and the pattern is gorgeous. A man named Lu in the west saw this tripod and liked it very much. He asked a goldsmith to cast such a tripod. When casting, it was soaked in strange liquid medicine to cool down, and a hole was dug underground and buried for three years. Both soil and potions have corroded the tripod, and the nature of copper has changed, which is roughly the same as that of sinking a mound. One day, Lu Sheng dedicated this tripod to a powerful person who cherished it, entertained guests and appreciated it. Shen Tudun happened to be at the banquet, knowing that it was Lu Sheng's, he said, "I also have a tripod, which looks very similar to this one, but I don't know which one is true." The powerful man asked him to bring the tripod for him to identify. (awesome person) looked at it for a long time and said, "It's not true." One by one, the guests said, "Really not." Shen Tudun was filled with indignation and kept arguing. Everyone scoffed at Shen mound, and he dared not speak. He turned around and said with emotion, "After all this, I realized that power can change right and wrong." Longmen Zi said with a smile, "Why did you meet Dun so late? The same is true for scholars to evaluate articles. "

3. Dignitary distinguishes classical Chinese translation:

A civilian named Shen Tudun in Luoyang has a tripod in Han Dynasty, which was obtained under a deep valley in Chang 'an. Yunfei is staggered and the pattern is gorgeous. A man named Lu in the west saw this tripod and liked it very much. He asked a goldsmith to cast such a tripod. When casting, it was soaked in strange liquid medicine to cool down, and a hole was dug underground and buried for three years. Both soil and potions have corroded the tripod, and the nature of copper has changed, which is roughly the same as that of sinking a mound. One day, Lu Sheng dedicated this tripod to a powerful person who cherished it, entertained guests and appreciated it. Shen Tudun happened to be at the banquet, knowing that it was Lu Sheng's, he said, "I also have a tripod, which looks very similar to this one, but I don't know which one is true." The powerful man asked him to bring the tripod for him to identify. (awesome person) looked at it for a long time and said, "It's not true." One by one, the guests said, "Really not." Shen Tudun was filled with indignation and kept arguing. Everyone scoffed at Shen mound, and he dared not speak. He turned around and said with emotion, "After all this, I realized that power can change right and wrong." Longmen Zi said with a smile, "Why did you meet Dun so late? The same is true for scholars to evaluate articles. "

4. Shen Tu Xianding Classical Chinese Translation Shen Tu Xianding Classical Chinese Translation:

Shen Tudun, a civilian in Luoyang, has an ancient tripod of Han Dynasty, which was obtained in a deep river in Chang 'an. The cloud interacts with the glass on the tripod, and the pattern shines. Lu Sheng, a neighbor to the west, liked the bronze tripod so much that the coppersmith imitated it and cast one. After quenching with a special potion, it was buried in the hole for three years. The bronze tripod was corroded by mud and potions, and its surface began to rust, which was roughly similar to the Han tripod in The Godly Mound. One morning, Lu Sheng presented a fake tripod to the dignitaries, who regarded it as a treasure and brought it to the banquet for everyone to enjoy. Shen Tudun happened to be here, knowing that it was a fake of Lu Sheng, he said (to the dignitaries), "I also have an ancient tripod, which is very similar to yours. I don't know which one is true." The dignitaries showed Shen Tudun a look at the tripod. After a long time, they said, "This tripod is really not real." All the guests also said, "This tripod is really not real." Shen Tudun was angry, but he quarreled (with them). The crowd gathered to humiliate him. ShenTuDun helpless, silence is no longer silent. After returning home, (he) said with emotion: "I finally understand that power can completely reverse right and wrong from now on!" Longmen Zi said with a smile, "Why did you meet Dun so late? The same is true for scholars to evaluate articles. "

5. Liao Dagong Ding Biography of Classical Chinese and Questions Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 10~ 12.

Dagongding, a native of Bohai Sea and Binxian County, Liaoyang, moved to Liaodong as a friend to Tokyo because his family was in Dading.

Ding Gong's visit to Zhuang is willing to learn. In the tenth year of Xianyong, he was a scholar and transferred to Shen Zhou to observe the judge. When it rains in Liaodong and hurts crops, the Privy Council in the north makes a hullabaloo about to finish the river embankment. Some orders of the company are urgent. Ding Gong said alone, "It is better to be at the border than to benefit the country." It's just a matter of dredging, and the court followed it and hit it. Water is not a disaster. People are thousands of miles away, and the rivers are getting worse. Improve rural order, save corvee, plant mulberry and build Confucius Temple to serve the people. Reluctantly moved to rejuvenate the country.

Sometimes, people who move to Eagle Square, in the name of Robbie, disturb the fields, which people can't stand for a long time. Ding Gong said above that life is forbidden. When Hui Dinggong was in the court, the minister issued an imperial edict, and Ding Gong said, "It is fortunate to have a county in peace; There are so many people in his country that I hope to dedicate them to the world. " From it. When I moved to Changchun, I had more money and more cars. Your master gave me a fake loan, and Ding Gong said, "Why did I quit my official position and want someone else?" Reject it. I heard a lot of complaints and curses, saying, "I dare not abolish this position." Obeying the Qing army in Dali, many places were rehabilitated. God bless acceded to the throne, through Changning army our time, Nanjing deputy stay. For the Tokyo ambassador. Stealing and killing Xiao Baoxian, those who stay behind only benefit from their wealth, thus advocating chaos; People are also suspicious, and the whole family is fighting for themselves. In riding alone in the county, Chen brings good luck and bad luck. All the troops bowed down and said, "I dare not bully you, but dare to obey you." Angie is still the same. Ding Gong promised to return the business, and news came one after another. Within ten days, the territory was cleaned up. When I heard about it, I was a hero in Jie Bao, Jiading. When people's hearts turn against each other, Ding Gong worries about life and change. Please be kind to them and forgive them.

Ding Gong tired table begging, not allowed. Zhang Saba, the slave thief, led the thieves to gather and tried to attack them, but he could not help it. He sighed, "I want to thank you. Unfortunately, it is too late to be led by the world! "He died in his first year at Baoda University at the age of seventy-nine.

(Excerpted from "Liao History Dagong Ding Chuan")

Note ① Tonghe: Year number of Emperor Shengzong of Liao Dynasty. The following "Xian Yong" is the year number of Liao Daozong below. ② Zhuang Yuan: solemn, serious and honest. Robbie: Catch birds with a net. ④ Baoda: the last title of Emperor Tianzhu.

10. For the meaning and usage of adding function words in the following sentences, the correct one is ().

Take: ① move to Liaodong, Haoyou, Tokyo, ② take Roby as the name. ..

Yes: ③ Forgive it; 4 being led by the world. ..

A.① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④.

B 1 with 2, 3 with 4.

C ① is different from ②, and ③ is different from ④.

D 1 is different from D 2, and D 3 is the same as D 4.

An analysis of "one" in ① is a conjunction, connecting adverbial and head word; The word "one" in (2) is a preposition, which means "use?" The meaning of; The word "Wei" in 3 is a preposition, which means "because"; The "for" table in (4) is passive.

Answer c

1 1. The following six sentences are divided into four groups, which shows that Dagong Ding pleaded for the people and was good at resolving contradictions.

(1) is a matter of playing, and the imperial court saves (2) corvee, planting mulberry and building Confucius Temple (3) what Ding Gong said above, that is, life forbids (4) a county to be safe, which is really fortunate; There are so many people in his county that I would like to give them all this place in the world, but I dare not give it up. Riding alone in the county makes me blessed.

A.①③④⑥ B.①②⑤⑥

C.①②③⑤ D.②③④⑤

Analysis (2) is the benefit and educational measures taken by Dagongding; ⑤ Reflect the principle of common law.

Answer a

12. The following analysis and generalization of the original meaning, the wrong one is ()

A. During the flood in Liaodong, Dagong Ding dared to rebel against his boss's wrong decision, reported to the court and stopped recruiting migrant workers, which was welcomed by the people.

B. In order to prevent Li Yingfang from disturbing the people and harming the people in the name of catching birds, Dagong Ding asked the court to ban the matter and let other places enjoy the benefits.

C. Dagong Ding can plead for the people and stick to the financial system without favoritism; During his tenure in Dali Temple, he also rehabilitated many unjust, false and wrong cases.

D. When Dagong Ding was a left-behind deputy envoy in Nanjing, he bravely rode into the uprising area alone, explained his interests to the masses, educated them, and the masses all went to him to be soldiers.

Analyze the mistakes of D's statement of "being a deputy in Nanjing" and "all the people defected to him as a soldier".

Answer d

6. What was the ancient tripod used for? Ding is one of the most important bronze wares, and it is an instrument for cooking and storing meat. The three dynasties of Qin and Han dynasties lasted for more than two thousand years, and the tripod has always been the most common and mysterious ritual vessel. The "Simuwu" Dafang Ding collected by China History Museum is a bronze tripod in the late Shang Dynasty. Rectangular, four legs, height 1.33cm, weight 875 kg. This is the largest bronze ware in Shang Dynasty. Ding belly has the word "Simuwe", which was cast by Shang Zhouwang as a sacrifice to his mother Wu. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of tripod: three-legged round tripod and four-legged Fang Ding, and they can be divided into two kinds: covered tripod and uncovered tripod. There is a group of ding, from big to small, in a row, called leding. The number of tripod stands for different status levels in the Zhou Dynasty. Tripod is usually singular. According to literature and archaeological findings, Jiuding should be a vassal, the seventh and fifth ding should be a great doctor, and the third and first ding should be a scholar. However, the system of the Emperor of Heaven is twelve ding, which is even, and the tomb of the Emperor of Zhou has not been seen so far, so whether this record is correct remains to be verified. Of course, Jiuding in the ranks does not represent Jiuding of the central government. About the origin and function of "Ding": Ding was originally an ancient cooking utensil, equivalent to the current pot, used to stew and hold fish. Xu Shen said in Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Ding, three feet and two ears, the treasure of five flavors." There are three-legged tripod and four-legged Fang Ding. The earliest tripod was a clay-fired pottery tripod.

Later, there was a bronze tripod made of bronze. Legend has it that Yu Xia once collected the gold of nine animal husbandry and cast Jiuding under Jingshan Mountain to symbolize Kyushu, and carved fascinating figures on it to alert people and prevent them from being hurt. Since the legend of Zhu Yu's nine cauldrons came into being, the cauldron has developed from an ordinary cooker to a national heavyweight vessel. The country was destroyed, Ding moved, Xia dynasty was destroyed, Shang dynasty was prosperous, Jiuding moved to Beijing, and Shangdu. After the demise of Shang Dynasty, Xing He Jiuding of Zhou Dynasty moved to Du Hao, the capital of Zhou Dynasty. From Shang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty, "Dingding" was the capital or established a dynasty. Ding is regarded as a symbol of country, country and power, and the word "Ding" has also been given extended meanings such as "distinguished", "distinguished" and "grand", such as keeping the contract, becoming famous, and helping each other at its peak. Ding is also a ritual vessel for meritorious service. In the Zhou Dynasty, when the monarch or the princes and ministers celebrated or received awards, they had to cast a tripod to record this grand occasion. This custom still has some influence. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, the people of China and People's Republic of China (PRC) presented the bronze tripod-Century Baoding to the United Nations on June 5438+0995, June 5438+1October 2 1. On the occasion of celebrating the 50th anniversary of Tibet's peaceful liberation, the Central Committee presented Xizang Autonomous Region with the "Baoding of National Unity" standing in the Great Hall of the People Square in Lhasa, symbolizing national unity and the vigorous development of various undertakings in Tibet. This move has far-reaching significance and rich cultural connotation. Ding is the representative of bronze culture in China. It is the witness of civilization and the carrier of culture. According to the legend of Zhu Yu Jiu Ding, it can be inferred that China had bronze smelting and casting technology as early as 4000 years ago; The bronze ding of Shang Dynasty unearthed underground proved conclusively that Shang Dynasty in China was a highly developed bronze age. The "Simuwu" Dafang Ding collected by China History Museum is a bronze tripod in the late Shang Dynasty. Rectangular, four legs, height 1.33cm, weight 875 kg. This is the largest bronze ware in Shang Dynasty. Ding belly has the word "Simuwe", which was cast by Shang Zhouwang as a sacrifice to his mother Wu. Da, Da and Mao He unearthed in the Qing Dynasty are all famous bronzes in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The inscriptions on bronze wares such as Ding recorded the laws and regulations of Shang and Zhou Dynasties and historical facts such as conferring titles, offering sacrifices and conquering. And handed down the seal script of the Western Zhou Dynasty to later generations, forming a bronze calligraphy art with high aesthetic value. Ding is therefore more valuable and becomes a more important historical relic than other bronzes. Li Zehou, an aesthetician, believes that Chinese bronzes, represented by the unique Ding, are thick and solid, with hideous and mysterious decorative patterns and profound engraved patterns, which are the most aesthetic bronzes in the mature period of China bronze art. Although the word Ding in modern Chinese characters has undergone many changes such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, small seal scripts, etc., it still retains the style and physical characteristics of Ding, and is almost integrated with its characters, with rich cultural connotations!

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