Where is Jiangjin pepper?

Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a geographical indication protection product. Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a geographical indication certification trademark. Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a geographical indication product of agricultural products.

Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum, a specialty of Jiangjin City, Chongqing, is a symbol product of chinese national geography. Jiangjin City has a long history of planting Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and its geographical and climatic conditions are superior. The Zanthoxylum bungeanum produced by Jiangjin City is rich in various trace elements and has a high oil yield. It is not only an excellent condiment, but also a variety of valuable chemical raw materials after processing. Our products are very popular in China's domestic and international markets.

Jiangjin, Chongqing is a famous "hometown of Zanthoxylum bungeanum" in China. It has a tradition of planting Zanthoxylum bungeanum since ancient times. As early as the 14th century, the Yuan Dynasty began to plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum was well-known in all directions hundreds of years ago. A Dutch merchant ship that sank more than 3 years ago was salvaged off the coast of Mauritius, and a barrel of Zanthoxylum bungeanum was found, which still exuded fragrance, and the words "Bashu Jiangzhou House" were faintly visible on the barrel. .

Origin environment

Jiangjin City is surrounded by high mountains, with hilly terrain. Here are more pictures: 1 Jiangjin pepper farmers harvest pepper

. It is rainy and foggy, and the air is humid. Jiangjin people like to eat Sichuan food. Pepper is an essential condiment, and it also has medicinal functions of dehumidification, wind and cold. In order to prevent rheumatism, Jiangjin people have a special liking for pepper. At the same time, abundant sunshine, suitable temperature, abundant rainfall and its distribution in season and month all provide unique climatic conditions for the growth of pepper. .

Production situation

Jiangjin City has been developing pepper on a large scale since 199s. In order to make small pepper into a big industry, in 21, Jiangjin City established Chongqing Simianshan Pepper Company and Pepper Research Institute, which shortened the fruit-bearing period of pepper by half by relying on science and technology, and conducted all-round research on the development of pepper in the fields of food seasoning, daily chemicals, flavors and fragrances, medicine and health care, and made pepper deep processing projects twice. They also developed a series of new products of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, among which six items, such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum essence and microencapsulated Zanthoxylum bungeanum powder, won national patents, filling the gap of similar products in China; Three new products, such as fresh-keeping pepper and pepper essential oil, have won high-tech products, key new products and brand-name products in Chongqing. In terms of rapid detection of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Jiangjin pioneered the technology of accurately measuring the content of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in a short time in China, which has been applied in fast and convenient food industries such as instant noodles. The essential oil extracted from Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum "has a unique aroma and a refreshing and pleasant feeling". L 'Oré al Group, a French cosmetics giant, has included Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum in its global procurement system, and Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum has become the first cosmetic raw material in China to enter L 'Oré al Group. The downstream industrial demand directly stimulated the upstream pepper planting. Farmers' enthusiasm for planting pepper has been greatly improved, and the planting area of pepper in Jiangjin has expanded rapidly. In 27, the planting scale of pepper in the whole region reached 5, mu, accounting for 62% of the 87, mu in Chongqing, which was 1.8 times and 2.33 times higher than that in Hancheng, Shaanxi, and Laiwu, Shandong, respectively, and became the largest green and white pepper base in China. In 211, the output of fresh peppers reached 15, tons, and the sales income was 1.23 billion yuan, equivalent to the sum of regional fiscal revenue. It ranks first in China's three major production lines of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

. Pepper bases (Jiangjin in Chongqing, Hancheng in Shaanxi and Laiwu in Shandong), and Jiangjin "Jiu Julia" Zanthoxylum bungeanum also ranks first in China's four major pepper varieties (Jiangjin Jiu Julia, Hanyuan Gongjiao, Hancheng Dahongpao and Yunnan Dahongpao), and it is increasing at the rate of 6,667 hectares per year. Chongqing Simianshan Zanthoxylum bungeanum Development Co., Ltd. adopted the development model of "company+association+base+farmer", and built a standardized export production demonstration base of about 667 hectares and a green production base of more than 3,33 hectares, which became the "National Forestry Standardized Cultivation Demonstration Project" of China State Forestry Administration. The extension of Jiangjin pepper industry chain and the increase of added value make pepper a pillar industry of Jiangjin agricultural economy, which also brings huge benefits to pepper farmers. 33, hectares of Zanthoxylum bungeanum produce 13, tons of fresh pepper every year, and the income can reach 794 million yuan, which can drive more than 6, pepper farmers to increase their income by more than 7 yuan per capita. In December, 24, the third batch of "China Famous and Excellent Economic Forest Hometown" named by the State Forestry Administration in 24 was announced, and Jiangjin City was famous on the list and won the title of "China Zanthoxylum Bunge". In August, 25, Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum was protected by national geographical indication products because of its unique geographical origin and quality characteristics.

according to the regulations on the protection of geographical indication products, the general administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine has organized a review of the application for the protection of geographical indication products of pepper in Jiangjin. After passing the examination, it was approved to implement geographical indication product protection for Jiangjin pepper from October 17, 25 (Announcement No.15, 25). .

scope of protection

the scope of protection of geographical indication products of Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum is subject to the scope proposed by the people of Jiangjin, Chongqing, on the request for instructions on the protection of Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum as a geographical product of origin (Jiangjin Fuwen [24] No.117), which is the administrative area under the jurisdiction of Jiangjin City, Chongqing.

geographical scope

Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum is produced in Baisha town, Luohuang town, Shima town, Lishi town, Youxi town, Xianfeng town, Caijia town, Berlin town, Xihu town, Shimen town, Shuang Fu town, Yongxing town, Longhua town, Wutan town, Jiasi town, Dushi town, Zhuyang town, Ciyun town and zhongshan town city in jiangjin district. Jiangjin district, Chongqing is adjacent to Qijiang County and Banan District in the east; Yongchuan District in the west and Hejiang County in Guizhou Province; Xishui County, Guizhou Province in the south; North of Bishan County. It is 83 kilometers from east to west and 1 kilometers from north to south, covering an area of 3,22 square kilometers. Its geographical coordinates are 15 49-16 38 _ east longitude and 28 28 _-29 28 _ north latitude. The lowest point in the region is 178.5m above sea level, and the highest peak is 179.4m above sea level. The best growing areas of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Jiangjin are Caijia, Jiaping, Xianfeng, Lishi, Ciyun, Baisha, Shimen, Wutan, Zhuyang, Jiasi and Dushi.

natural ecological environment and human and historical factors

(1) soil geomorphology: jiangjin district soil is divided into four categories (paddy soil, alluvial soil, purple soil and yellow loam), 7 subcategories (alluvial paddy soil, purple paddy soil, yellow loam soil, river alluvial soil, brown purple soil, yellow loam soil and red purple soil), 22 soil genera, 72. There are 1 subclass and 7 soil genera in forest soil. The pH value of soil is 6.5-8. The soil fertility status is moderate,

the soil development is shallow, neutral and slightly acidic soils are the main ones, and the organic matter content is 1.48%, with a range of .915-5.369%. Surrounded by mountains on all sides, the territory is hilly and undulating, with hills and low mountains as the main landforms. The geological structure is the transition zone between "East Sichuan Fold" and "South Sichuan-Guizhou-North Structural Belt", and the structural features are affected by it, and the axis is twisted in an "S" shape.

(2) Hydrological situation: There are 38 daxixi rivers in jiangjin district, with a drainage area of about 2, square kilometers. Among them, five rivers, such as the Yangtze River, the Qi River, the Tanghe River, the Sunxi River and the Binan River, have rainwater collection areas of more than 1, square kilometers, while Zhuyangxi and Donkey River have rainwater collection areas of more than 2 square kilometers, which are perennial rivers with few other sources. The water quality is clear and pure, which is an ideal water for industrial and agricultural production and life.

(3) Climate: jiangjin district has obvious monsoon, four distinct seasons, mild climate, abundant rainfall, unstable warming in early spring, rainy autumn and rapid cooling, little rain in winter and dry spring, and is prone to drought and waterlogging. And the vertical difference between north and south is great. The annual average temperature is 18.2℃, the average temperature between April and October in Chinese rose is higher than the annual average, the average temperature in summer is high and has little change, all of which remain above 25℃, and the average maximum temperature in summer and August in some areas reaches 33.9℃. The average minimum temperature in January in winter is 5.4℃, and the average temperature in spring and autumn is almost equal, slightly higher than the annual average. The average annual solar radiation is 361.9 kJ /cm2, with the highest in August and the lowest in December. Sunshine hours: 127.9 hours per year, the longest is 1628.8 hours, and the youngest is 951.7 hours. In a year, August is the most, reaching 217.8 hours, and December is the least, reaching 3.8 hours. The annual average rainfall is 134.7mm, the rainfall in May-October in summer and autumn is 82.8mm, accounting for 78% of the whole year, and the average rainfall in December-February in winter and spring is 62.2mm, accounting for 6% of the whole year. From the change of four seasons, summer accounts for 43% of the whole year, winter accounts for 6%, and July is the highest, accounting for 171.3mm, followed by June and January.

(4) Human history: Jiangjin civilization has a long history, belonging to Liangzhou in Yugong in ancient times, and Bazhou in Zhou Dynasty, which was Ba County in Qin Dynasty. Early human civilization flourished here as early as 5, years ago in the Neolithic Age. At present, 63 fixed cultural relics have been found, with rich cultural heritage. Jiangjin has always been known as the "hometown of pepper", and it has been more than 6 years since the Yuan Dynasty when Jiangjin pepper was planted. In order to make Jiangjin pepper industry bigger and stronger, the district committee and district government have set clear development goals, broken through the mode of "household management", focused on "catching large households, establishing associations and bringing retail investors", actively promoted the operation mode of "company+scientific research+associations+specialized cooperatives+owners and farmers", set up pepper association service industry, and strictly implemented the management system of Jiangjin pepper production base.

technical requirements for production

(1) selection of producing areas: the environmental quality of producing areas must meet the requirements of Environmental Technical Conditions for Producing Areas of Green Food (NT/391-2) when selecting the jurisdictions of 27 towns and neighborhood committees in China.

(2) Variety selection: Nine Julia pepper varieties with strong stress resistance, high quality and high yield, good commercialization and high yield were selected.

(3) Production process management: Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum production process must be operated in strict accordance with Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum Production Operation Rules. The use of pesticides and fertilizers in the production process must conform to the Guidelines for the Use of Pesticides in Green Food (NT/393-2) and the Guidelines for the Use of Fertilizers in Green Food (NT/394-2). In order to ensure the quality characteristics of pepper in Jiangjin, we should pay special attention to the following links: a. Field management of pepper during its growth period. ① Timely transplanting: select strong Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings, the height of which is generally less than 3cm, and plant them in autumn or spring every year, with the planting specification of 3× 2m, with 11 plants planted per mu. After planting, irrigate them thoroughly. ② Irrigation: check the survival situation one week after planting, and replant in time if there is a hole. If the soil is dry and the young shoots wilt, irrigation should be done in time, and it is advisable to soak the soil around the root system. ③ Fixing the stem: after the survival of planting, keep the trunk 5-6 cm, cut off the upper part, keep the full buds below the cut, and at the same time cut off the side branches on the stem within 3 cm from the ground. (4) Fertilization: Fertilize the seedlings after they survive and before the results of flower test. In order to promote the growth of trees, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be coordinated, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be properly emphasized. Generally, it is applied three times a year, respectively in the first half of February, the middle half of May and the middle half of July. For each application, a proper amount of farm manure, such as light livestock manure water, is 2-3 kg per plant or 2 g of pepper formula fertilizer (total content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic fertilizer is 5%) is applied, and all kinds of fertilizers are applied in a nest 2-3 cm away from the foot of pepper tree. First, ditch or dig . Fertilization after flower trial should be < P > with the growth of trees, the amount of fertilizer should be gradually increased, and the proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be properly emphasized, and calcium fertilizer should be added. Generally, fertilization is carried out three times a year, in the first half of February, the first half of May and after harvesting (the second half of July). In the first two times, 1-2 grams of special fertilizer for pepper was applied to each plant (within this range, it was increased or decreased according to the size of the tree), and 15-25 grams of special fertilizer for pepper was applied to each plant in the next time. Among them, in the first ten days of February and after harvesting < P >, appropriate organic fertilizer should also be applied, such as 3-4 kg of livestock manure per plant.

all kinds of fertilizers are applied in the nest around the foot of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, which is 3-4cm away from the foot of the tree. First, a small ditch or is dug, and

fertilizers are applied and then covered with soil. ⑤ Weeding: Weeding time is generally carried out before fertilization and when diseases and pests overwinter (November-December). Manual weeding is generally combined with fertilization. When weeds are born, the soil surface is hardened after the rain, and artificial weeding before fertilization can achieve the dual effects of loosening soil and retaining water and preventing weeds. Herbicide weeding: chemical herbicides can be used to weed when weeds are seriously bred and labor is tight, and 5ML of 1% glyphosate can be sprayed in the morning when the dew is still wet. ⑥ Pruning and shaping: The general requirements for pruning Zanthoxylum bungeanum are: by adopting the method of multi-main branches and short cutting, the purpose of clear hierarchy, reasonable arrangement of skeleton branches, uniform distribution of branches, ventilation and light transmission, early fruiting and high yield can be achieved. There are four kinds of pruning trees: open-heart, cup-shaped, tower-shaped and fan-shaped B. Adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control technology focusing on prevention and biological control: in the production of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, we should first adopt scientific and advanced agronomic measures, biological measures and cultivation and management techniques to eliminate and reduce the source of disease and population base, avoid or reduce the losses caused by pests and diseases, and try not to use drugs if possible, and try not to use chemical pesticides if possible. Choose to use pesticide varieties with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue, and strictly control the dosage and safety period to avoid the influence of pesticide residues on the quality of pepper.

(4) product harvesting: timely harvesting, i.e., harvesting when the pepper grows to be eight-mature, drying the harvested fresh pepper peel, removing the remaining impurities such as seeds, leaves and fruit stalks, and packaging it in a graded and quantitative way, or marketing it after selection, heating sterilization, cleaning, vacuum packaging and refrigeration processing.

(5) Production record requirements: During the whole process of pepper production in Jiangjin, field production files must be established, fully recorded and properly kept for reference.

Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations

(1) External sensory characteristics: the maturity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is required to reach about 8%; Bright green or yellowish green; Has the inherent taste and smell of fresh pepper, and has no peculiar smell; Keep the prototype of fresh pepper, without broken, moldy and rotten particles; There are no thick branches and leaves, no prickly prickles, a small number of fine branches and leaves and fine pedicels are allowed, and there are no other foreign impurities.

(2) Intrinsic quality indicators: the volatile oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Jiangjin is greater than or equal to 2.5%, the total ash is less than or equal to 1%, the acid-insoluble ash is less than or equal to 5%, and the miso is greater than or equal to 8 mg/g..

(3) Safety requirements: Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum strictly implements the standard of Spices for Pollution-free Food (NY5323-26).

relevant regulations such as package identification

The logo on the sales package of Jiangjin Zanthoxylum bungeanum shall be implemented according to the provisions of GB7718-1994; Packaging materials should comply with food hygiene regulations. After the packaging bag is sealed, there is no leakage or damage.