What is the life of the talented master Zhou Peiyuan?

Zhou Peiyuan is a famous fluid mechanic, theoretical physicist, educator and social activist. China * * * production party party member. Academician of China Academy of Sciences, one of the founders of modern mechanics and theoretical physics in China.

1902 On August 28th, Zhou Peiyuan was born in a family named Zhou in Fangqiao Town, Yixing, Jiangsu. The Zhou family is regarded as a powerful family with status in the local area, and it is a scholarly family. Zhou Lao Zhai, with a total area of more than 600 square meters, adopts the architectural style of combining Chinese and western styles, with four rooms and three entrances, surrounded by anti-theft wind and fire walls, and the inner courtyard has half doors with feudal characteristics. There is a passage for people to go in and out in the hall, and the turntable building is connected with the walkway. Western doors and windows are beautiful and novel, and the glass roof is big and imposing. Outside the courtyard, flowers and trees are shaded and birds are singing and flowers are fragrant.

Zhou Peiyuan was born with a square face and a long nose, with fine features, smart and extremely cute. Educated by Zhou Wenbo, the father of scholars, Xiao Peiyuan showed extraordinary aura and talent when he was a few years old. He memorized many poems, such as Good Nature at the Beginning of Life, Thousands of Sun Zhao Li, King of Zhou, Zheng Wu and so on, and even recited mowing the grass in the afternoon and I wake up at dawn. When he was less than 4 years old, he went to a private school and began to study formally. In the classroom, he sat on a bamboo chair specially made for him, still sitting in the front of the classroom. Because they are too young, they are accompanied by their 9-year-old sister at home. It is always the most conspicuous for the two brothers and sisters to go to school with their schoolbags on their backs every day. Those older children all like this clever little brother very much. They often tell him the news of the day in the town and the old stories in the village. They also go to catch birds in the forest and go fishing by the pond.

Fortunately, Yixing has always been a traffic artery, with Shanghai in the east and Nanjing in the west. It is also the hometown of culture and education, and it has been saturated with the flavor of the times early. Although it is a private school, the textbooks are no longer the old-fashioned St. Amethyst and Baijia surnames, but the first-grade primary school textbooks of the Commercial Press, starting with "Heaven, Earth, Sun and Moon, Landscape, Civil Engineering". The boy with a fluffy hat and pigtails is arrogant and seems to speak louder than anyone else. When I got home, my sister and I read the text in front of my father. He often steals the show.

19 1 1 With the success of the Revolution of 1911, Nanjing became a political and economic center. His learned father went to Nanjing to start a business selling pottery, and Xiao Peiyuan was also brought to Nanjing. 1 1 years old, his father went to Shanghai, and he followed his father to Shanghai. /kloc-entered the middle school run by the YMCA at the age of 0/3,/kloc-changed to Nanyang Commercial School at the age of 0/4, and soon transferred to a sericulture school in Hangzhou. 16 years old, admitted to Shanghai St. John's University affiliated middle school. Living in such a big city as a teenager, coupled with such frequent transfer, has enriched Zhou Peiyuan's experience and made him grow up quickly. He directly felt the poverty of China people, the corruption of state affairs, social unrest, the oppression of foreign powers and the national peril. As he grew older, he gradually understood his responsibility and mission as a teenager in China.

Less than two semesters later, the vigorous May 4th Movement broke out, and Zhou Peiyuan, aged 17, lost her passion in generate. He took an active part in the anti-imperialist patriotic movement, marched in the streets, posted slogans and was expelled from school. This incident shocked his father, who had made great efforts to train him since childhood and had high hopes, and really got angry at once. He had to quietly return to his hometown in Yixing and hide in a temple to study hard. Here he reconsidered his future and decided to study hard and take the road of saving the country by science. One day, he came across an advertisement in a newspaper corner: Tsinghua University wants to recruit five transfer students in Jiangsu Province. He felt the opportunity came and rushed to Nanjing to register for the exam. He was brilliant and well-founded, and won the list in one fell swoop, so he ran back to Yixing with joy to report the good news to his father in Shanghai.

19 19 autumn, Zhou Peiyuan left his hometown to study in Tsinghua. From 65438 to 0922, as a sophomore in Tsinghua, Zhou Peiyuan began to set foot in the field of scientific research. His two analytic geometric methods for solving angle bisection were published in the second issue of Volume I of Journal of Tsinghua.

Zhou Peiyuan 1924 graduated from Tsinghua University (now the predecessor of Tsinghua University) and went to the United States to study. From 1928, he obtained the doctor of science degree from California Institute of Technology. From 65438 to 0928, he went to Leipzig University in Germany to study quantum mechanics under the guidance of Professor Heisenberg. 1929, engaged in research under the guidance of Professor W. Pauli of Zurich Institute of Technology, Switzerland. After returning to China from 65438 to 0929, he successively served as a professor in Tsinghua University, National Southwest Associated University and Peking University. During this period, he attended the seminar on general relativity hosted by Einstein at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton from 1936 to 1937. After liberation, he successively served as provost of Tsinghua University, deputy director of the school committee, provost of Peking University, vice president and principal, vice president of China Academy of Sciences, president and honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, vice president of World Association for Science and Technology, president of China Association for the Promotion of International Science and Technology, vice president and honorary chairman of China theoretical and applied mechanics Society, chairman and honorary chairman of Chinese Physical Society, honorary president of European and American Alumni Association, vice president of Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs and president of China People's Association for Peace and Disarmament. Chairman of Jiu San Society, deputy to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th National People's Congress, Standing Committee of the 5th National People's Congress, Standing Committee of the 3rd and 4th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and Vice Chairman of the 5th, 6th and 7th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. 1980 received an honorary doctorate in law from Princeton University in the United States, and 1980 and 1985 won the "Outstanding Contributions Alumni" Award from California Institute of Technology twice.

Zhou Peiyuan's academic achievements are mainly two important aspects of the basic theory of physics, namely Einstein's gravity theory in general relativity and theory of turbulence's research in fluid mechanics. First, in the field of mechanical research, in the 1940s, he proposed a step-by-step approximation method to solve the problem of never-closed turbulence equations. He is the founder of turbulence model theory. In the late 1980s, he proposed a new method to solve the non-closed turbulence equation by step-by-step iteration. Secondly, in the study of relativity, in the 1930s, he was already a well-known expert on relativity. He once attended a seminar on relativity hosted by Professor Einstein, an internationally renowned physicist, and personally listened to Mr. Einstein's teachings. In his later years, he put forward the theory that the harmonic condition should be used simultaneously with Einstein's field equation as a strict physical condition, and also designed an experiment himself. The experimental results are very helpful to clarify the confusion in the understanding of general relativity. Zhou Peiyuan's important contribution to the study of turbulence and relativity has attracted worldwide attention.

Zhou Peiyuan is a famous educator. During his teaching career, he has trained a large number of outstanding scientific and technological talents for the country, which can be described as "peaches and plums are all over the world", and quite a few of them have become internationally renowned scientists. From 1947 to 1952, Mr. Zhou is not only a professor of physics department, but also the dean of Tsinghua University and the deputy director of the school committee. From 1952 to 198 1, Mr. Zhou taught in Peking University, and served as the provost, vice-principal and principal of Peking University, devoting himself to the education in China.

He traveled around the world all the year round, actively supported international cooperation and exchanges in science, technology, culture and education, and devoted himself to and advocated the great cause of world peace with great enthusiasm. He was the first scientist in China to take part in the world peace movement, and one of the founders of the international science and peace movement, and he has the reputation of "peaceful old man". Mr Zhou Peiyuan devoted his life to science, education, people's diplomacy and the cause of peace. He is famous for his decency, sincerity, integrity and loyalty, and has won the recognition and respect of the whole world.