France Juli: Citroen Citroen? The story of 2CV

Legend has it that he is the vice president and design director of Citroen? Pierre Jules. Boulanger? One afternoon, Mr. Wang was driving along an alley. It was raining, and there was a local train in front of the car? ...？ I want to be angry? Boulanger? Don't be angry, because it's not good for anyone. Instead, he was thinking, "Why are there no cars suitable for French farmers?"

If farmers transport goods by car, it will not only improve efficiency? -? Do horses need feed, veterinarians and stables? -? It can also improve the traffic environment in the French countryside. It is necessary to design a light car that is easy to maintain, easy to use and can carry loads! Are you online? Boulanger? It seems that this car that is bound to be very popular should be designed and produced by Citroen? -? It may not be beautiful, but it will be very cheap and practical, and it will be a good helper for farmers.

Plan decision, boulanger? I started to design a prototype car on paper. In a way, boulanger? What is the concept of agricultural vehicles? Doctor? Ferdinand? Porsche? what's up Volkswagen? Beetle? Very different? -? The latter is based on the concept of automobile design, while the former pays more attention to the needs of users.

Boulanger? I didn't draw the design immediately, but first listed the basic demands of the new car (user): at the same time? 4? Drivers and passengers can comfortably pass through the newly cultivated farmland with a basket of raw eggs in the back seat without damaging the eggs during the period; The vehicle must have a certain load capacity, 50? One kilogram of agricultural and sideline products or a whole barrel of red wine is not a problem.

Besides, boulanger? Require the new car to reach the top speed? 60? Km/h, fuel consumption control in? 3? L/ 100？ km？ Left and right; Female drivers can get started driving quickly; Cheap repair and maintenance costs? -? Is it at least cheaper than raising horses? ...？ What are the above requirements? 1936? Release Citroen design team, internal code name? An umbrella with wheels.

The main member of the design team is the chief engineer? Andre? Lefebvre? And Italian designers? Flaminio? Bertoni, they prefer to call it the new car plan. What? "tout? Petite? Voiture "(abbreviation: TPV, meaning car).

Citroen's new car plan is completely confidential. The design team first adopted the motorcycle single-cylinder engine and aluminum body, and some parts were made of magnesium. -? 20? Century? 30? In the 1990s, the productivity of aluminum was improved and the manufacturing cost was greatly reduced. This durable and cheap material was immediately applied to automobile manufacturing. Vehicle chassis is trapezoidal structure, alphonse? Forceau？ The front/rear suspension system is designed for it.

1934? Michelin Tire Company took over bankrupt Citroen, Pierre? Michelin? Become the new president of Citroen. Michelin took over at the same time? “TPV”？ Projected and compared with the new concept car tires? -? The radial tire project is combined with R&D to realize complementary resources.

It is worth mentioning that engineers are? “TPV”？ Designed a set? "hammock chair" for more comfort, the seat is hung on the roof? -? However, this idea was unrealistic and was eventually replaced by the traditional steel tube frame seat.

Boulanger? Always highly controlled? “TPV”？ In the project, he even created a department whose function is to supervise the design team and find work loopholes. More importantly, Renault or Peugeot certainly don't know about the new car plan.

1937? Year? 12? What month, Pierre? Michelin? Died in a car accident, Pierre Jules? Boulanger? Become the president of Citroen, at that time? “TPV”？ The project already exists? 47? The prototype is offline and tested. 1939? Mid-year, 250? A pre-production car came off the assembly line. According to the regulations at that time, only new cars were loaded? 1? A headlight and? 1? Taillight.

Citroen plans to be in? 1939? Year? 10? Released at the Paris Motor Show in June? "TPV", the new car is finally named? Citroen? n？ 2CV .

However, World War II broke out. 1939? Year? 9? Month? 1? Fuck adolf. Hitler? Ordering the army to invade Poland; 1939? Year? 9? Month? 3? Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany; 1939? Year? 9? Month? 7? The French took military action against Nazi Germany. With the support of armored vehicles, the troops advanced into the Saar River and drove all the way to siegfried line? ...

However, 1939? Year? 9? Month? 17? The Japanese and French troops retreated and immediately entered the so-called? "Gui Li? War "(sitting). The French people are deeply worried about the future of their country? ...？ Originally scheduled for? 10? The Paris Motor Show held in May was cancelled.

Arrive? 1940? Year? 5? In March, the British expeditionary force withdrew from Dunkirk? 33? More than 10,000 people; The same year? 7? In June, the Germans occupied northern France, Pierre Jules? Boulanger? I have to consider the future of Citroen.

He decided to hide it? Citroen? n？ 2CV？ Everything in case the Germans profit from it: prototype cars and pre-production cars are either destroyed, hidden or even buried? ...？ Production? 2CV？ Our machines were requisitioned by the Nazis and transported to Germany. Fortunately, with the help of the French underground resistance, the waybill of these machines was changed. Instead of going to Germany, they were arranged to hide in every corner of France. So well hidden. Boulanger? Worried about whether it can be released after the war? Man-eating guy? Bring it back, son.

Pierre Jules. Boulanger? Sir, a loyal Nazi opponent! So he was crowned? "The enemy? Yes? That? Reich's hat (the enemy of the empire) makes personal safety difficult to guarantee. The French put up with it The humiliation of years of occupation until? 1944? Year? "D-Day"? Allied landings? ...？ 1945? Year? 5? Month? 8? On June 19, the Germans surrendered to the Allies, and the European battlefield campaign of World War II ended.

After the war, France was in a hurry, Citroen? n？ 2CV？ Will become an important factor in the revival of France.

Since? 1944? 1996 After the occupation of France ended, the new government took over all industrial enterprises, including automobile production. Renault completed nationalization, Paul-Marie? Pang Si? In charge of the French automobile industry and formulated? "Pang Si? Plan "(historical name? The Pang Si Plan).

According to the plan, Renault will become the only enterprise in France that can produce low-end automobile products, and Renault has been developing? Renault? 4CV？ Cars? -? What about Renault and the German Volkswagen at that time? "Help each other in the same boat" is restricted by all parties.

So, Citroen was forced to shelve again? 2CV？ Project, its main product or? Traction? Avantgarde? Cars. And then what? Boulanger? And his team continued the research of new technology, improved the backward automobile design before the war and achieved great results: abandoned the multi-torsion bar suspension, Walter? Becaya. Developed? 375cc？ The air-cooled engine replaced the water-cooled two-cylinder horizontally opposed engine and also replaced it with a matching four-speed gearbox. Becaya. Swear to tell? Boulanger: "The fourth gear is the best gear for overtaking! And it also helps to save fuel! " ? After the war, aluminum became very expensive, so? 2CV？ It is suggested to replace it with steel body.

The "Pang Si Plan"? Yu? 1949? After 1980 was abolished, Citroen seized the opportunity? 2CV？ Push it into the public eye. 1949? Year? 10? Month? 7? Paris Motor Show, Citroen? n？ 2CV？ First public appearance? -? Before the war TPV？ Did you pass? 10? A few years.

Although the car media is right? 2CV？ Disdain, an American reporter once dared to ask? 2CV？ Can't you open the can opener? ...？ However, the new car was welcomed by the public, and the auto show orders were like snow, which was out of control. Citroen had to make a long waiting list. It is worth mentioning that customers of doctors, midwives, veterinarians, priests, farmers and other occupations have the priority to take the car.

The order waiting to pick up the car is incredible? 5? Years later, used cars appeared on the market at a price higher than that of new cars? 2CV？ Circulation.

Right here? 2CV？ In its heyday, Pierre Jules? Boulanger? Mr. Yu? 1950? Year? 1 1? Month? 12? Died in a car accident? -? He's driving? Citroen? n？ Traction? Avantgarde? Where did the car come from? Michelin? My hometown clermont-ferrand goes to Paris? ....

1949? Money? Citroen? n？ 2CV？ What model is it? 2CV？ Type? What does this car carry? 375cc？ Two horizontally opposed cylinders? 9hp？ Engine? -? Just like today's lawn mower, the engine of this car is started by pulling a rope. On the second day of the Paris Motor Show, at the request of the masses? 2CV？ Switch to an electric starter.

The car body has been redesigned, and the steel car body is placed on the ladder chassis; The suspension system has also been redesigned, and there are still front swing arms and rear trailing arms, but it is no longer a complex torsion bar system. 2CV？ Although the new suspension has a longer journey, it also makes it more suitable for driving on rugged roads, "without breaking eggs"? This idea has come true.

1958? Year, carrying? 425cc？ Engine? 2CV？ Az (2CV? 4) listing; 1968? Year, carrying? 602cc？ Engine? 2CV？ 6? Listing? ...？ Engine power is constantly improving, and of course fuel consumption is also increasing.

2CV？ Enough to meet the needs of car owners, people call it? "Tin? Snail "(tin snail). Arrive? 1955? What year, 2CV? What's the top speed? 80km/h； 1962? Reached in 2008? 84km/h？ -? Can you compare with England? Land? Wanderer? Side by side; 1970? Year, 602cc? what's up 33bhp？ Can the engine be made? 2CV？ Run? 100? Km/hour; 198 1? New year? 602cc？ What is the score? 1 14? Kilometers per hour? ...

Like all good cars, 2CV? And practical and changeable. 195 1? Launched in 2008? 2CV？ AU？ Fourgonette, with a car version of the powertrain? -? It is said that Citroen executives don't want it? 2CV？ Too much horsepower. After adjustment, freight version? 2CV？ Can you hold it? 250? Kg, but the top speed is limited to? 60 km/h.2cv? Even caught the attention of the army, armed with machine guns? 2CV？ Pickups are no better than American ones? Willys？ Jeep? What is the difference?

Iterate with the model, 2CV? It has become a design concept, but are future generations still satisfied? Pierre Jules. Boulanger? Mr. Wang's original idea. Are you online? 2CV？ In the world of luxury goods? It can only show that there are multiple demisters on the car (only on the driver's side).

The most interesting? "Mutant car"? what's up Citroen? n？ 2CV？ 4×4? Sahara, there are two of these things? 425cc？ what's up 12hp？ Engine! One in front, one in the back, and even two gearboxes and two fuel tanks. The engine can work at the same time or start separately, which is a reassuring configuration if it is really in Africa. 2CV？ 4×4? Sahara? * * * Offline? 694? Taiwan Province, are sold to areas with poor road conditions? ...？ It is said that so far only? 27? Taiwan Province's original products exist in the world.

Citroen? n？ 2CV？ There are many decent models, even become? James. Bond? Agent? 007? That car. Small and fuel efficient? 2CV？ It seems that I have not been affected by the oil crisis and participated in various levels of rally and track races? ...

Citroen? n？ 2CV？ Produced in Britain, Portugal, Chile, Argentina and France? 42? In 2000, it was an idol-level existence in the world forest, and it still has a large number of fans. Yes, people should have needed such a cheap, convenient, comfortable, decent car that can pull camels. Today, Pierre Jules? Boulanger? Sir's? "Simple"? This concept seems to have been completely forgotten by people.

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.