Qitaihe city slogan

1 Don't be too hungry or too full in the water. Don't go into the water for an hour after meals to avoid cramps;

Try the water temperature before entering the water. If the water is too cold, don't go into the water.

3 swimming in rivers, lakes and seas, you must have a companion, and you can't swim alone;

4 Observe the swimming environment before launching. You can't swim here if there is a danger warning.

Don't swim in the canyon with unclear geographical environment. The water in these places is different in depth and cold, and obstacles may hurt people in the water, which is very unsafe;

Before diving, make sure that the water depth here is at least 3 meters, and there are no weeds, rocks or other obstacles underwater. It is safer to enter the water with your feet first;

Second, how to prevent lower limb cramps when swimming?

1 Be sure to do warm-up exercises before swimming.

You should consider your physical condition before swimming. If you are too full, hungry or tired, don't swim.

Before swimming, splash some water on your limbs and then jump into the water. Don't jump into the water at once.

If you have chest pain while swimming, you can press your chest hard and wait until you get better before going ashore.

When you have abdominal pain, you should go ashore. You'd better drink some hot drinks or soup to keep warm.

Third, the self-rescue strategy of swimming and drowning in summer

1 For people with cramps in their hands and feet, if they have cramps in their fingers, they can hold their hands tightly, then forcibly open them and do them several times quickly until the cramps are eliminated;

2 If the calf or toe cramps, first take a breath and float on the water, hold the toe of the cramped limb with the hand on the opposite side of the cramped limb, pull it toward the body, and press the palm of the same side on the knee of the cramped limb to help the cramped leg straighten;

If the thigh cramps, it can also be solved by lengthening the cramped muscles.

For drowning people, besides actively saving themselves, they should also actively carry out land rescue:

1 If there is mud, weeds and vomit in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, it should be removed first to keep the upper respiratory tract unobstructed;

2 If the drowning person has drunk a lot of water, the rescuer can kneel on one leg, bend his knees on the other leg, put the drowning person's abdomen on his knee, hold the drowning person's head with one hand, press his mouth down, and press the other hand on his back to discharge the water;

If the drowning person is unconscious, breathless or stops breathing, artificial respiration should be carried out after the above treatment. The drowning person can lie on his back, and the rescuer can hold the nose of the drowning person with one hand, hold his chin with the other hand, take a deep breath, and then blow air into the drowning person's mouth with his mouth. After blowing one breath, leave the mouth of the drowning person, release the hand holding the nose at the same time, and press the chest of the drowning person with your hand to help him exhale. This is repeated regularly, about 14-20 times per minute, which can be slightly slower at the beginning and accelerated appropriately at the later stage.

Fourth, drowning first aid.

1 After the wounded are carried out of the water, they should immediately remove the water, mud and dirt in the oral cavity and nasal cavity, wrap their fingers with gauze (handkerchief), pull the tongue of the wounded out of their mouths, unbutton the buttons and neckline, and keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. Then, they should pick up the waist and abdomen of the wounded, turn their backs to the sky, and pour water with their heads drooping. Or pick up the injured person's legs, put his abdomen on the shoulders of emergency personnel, and quickly run over to pour out the accumulated water. Or the rescuer takes a semi-kneeling posture, puts the abdomen of the injured person on the leg of the rescuer, makes his head droop, and presses his back with his hand to pour water.

People who stop breathing should be given artificial respiration immediately, and mouth-to-mouth blowing is generally the best. The first aider is located on the injured side, hold the injured person's jaw, hold the injured person's nostrils, take a deep breath, and slowly blow into the injured person's mouth. When the chest is slightly lifted, relax the nostrils and press the chest with one hand to help exhale. Repeatedly and rhythmically (blowing 16 ~ 20 times per minute) until breathing resumes.

3. Patients with cardiac arrest should do chest massage first. Let the wounded lie on his back, with a hard board on his back, his head down and his back tilted. The emergency personnel are located on the side of the wounded. Facing the wounded, put the palm of your right hand flat on the lower part of the sternum and your left hand on the back of your right hand. With the help of the body weight of the first-aid person, he should push slowly, but not too hard to prevent fracture. Then he should press the sternum down about 4 cm, then loosen his wrist (keep his hand from the sternum) to restore the sternum, and repeat it regularly (60-80.

5. What should I do if my ears get water while swimming?

1 one-legged jumping method: the affected ear is downward, and the water flows downward from the external auditory canal by the gravity of water.

② Active external auditory canal method: you can press the tragus continuously with your palm or pull the auricle with your fingers; Or repeatedly open your mouth and move the temporomandibular joint, which can make the skin of the external auditory canal move up and down, left and right, or change the stability of the water barrier and pressure, so that water can flow out of the external auditory canal.

3 external auditory canal cleaning method: gently probe into the external auditory canal with a clean fine cotton swab, and suck out the water once it hits the water barrier.

Because the swimming pool or river water is unclean, the skin and eardrum of the external auditory canal are infected after the sewage enters the ear, or the water is improperly treated after entering the ear, which can often cause the following ear diseases, such as unclean ear digging. : otitis externa, swelling of external auditory canal, cerumenitis, suppurative otitis media.

Matters needing attention in summer swimming with intransitive verbs

1 Drinking after meals is not suitable for swimming.

2 Open wounds, skin diseases and eye diseases are not suitable for swimming.

If you have a cold, are sick, are unwell or weak, you are not suitable for swimming.

Thunderstorm weather is not suitable for swimming

The water temperature is too low and too cold to swim.

It is forbidden to make excessive jokes with your companions when swimming.

Don't go with the flow, especially in the wild.

Don't swim when the wind and waves are too strong and the lights are not good.

Don't swim or dive in unknown waters.

10 shallow water, too many people dive.

1 1 Swimming in qualified places with lifeguards.

12 do warm-up exercises before going into the water.

13 Take all launching equipment, and be sure to wear goggles.

14 Don't panic, don't mess in the water. If you have a cramp, please keep calm and drift backwards.

15 Take part in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and self-help training in water whenever possible. In case of drowning, if you are not sure whether you should go into the water to save people, you can use bamboo poles, branches, ropes, clothes or floating objects to rescue them and call for help at the same time.

16 when camping, fishing and outdoor activities are near the water, children should be prevented from accidentally falling into the water.

17 swimming at the seaside or outdoors should prevent sunburn and foot stab wounds.

Seventh, drowning

1 Cause of death from drowning

It is mainly due to the inhalation of a large amount of water in the trachea that hinders breathing, or because of the strong spasm of the larynx and the closure of the respiratory tract.

Two symptoms

The drowning person's face is bruised, his eyes are bloodshot, and his mouth, nostrils and trachea are full of blood bubbles. Cold limbs, weak pulse, even convulsions or respiratory heartbeat stop.

3 Self-help and mutual help

When drowning happens, if you are unfamiliar with the water, you can take the method of self-help: in addition to calling for help, take a supine position and tilt your head back so that your nose can breathe out of the water. Shallow exhalation and deep inhalation. Because when inhaling deeply, the body specific gravity drops to 0.967, which is slightly lighter than water, and can surface (when exhaling, the body specific gravity is 1.057, which is slightly heavier than water), so don't panic at this time, and don't raise your arm and flap it left and right to make your body sink faster.

Swimmers, if they have cramps in their calves, should keep calm, take a backstroke posture, bend the toes of the cramped legs backwards with their hands to release the cramps, and then slowly swim to the shore.

To rescue the drowning man, swim to the vicinity of the drowning man quickly, observe the position clearly and rescue him from the rear. Or throw boards, lifebuoys, long poles, etc. So that the drowning person can climb ashore.

After the water rescue:

First clean up the silt and sputum in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, take off the false teeth, and then control the water. The rescuer bends his knees on one leg and puts the drowning person on his thigh, so that the water in the drowning person can be discharged from the trachea and mouth by body position. In some rural areas, the drowning person will lie on the back of the cow, with his head and feet suspended, driving the cow to walk, thus controlling water and playing the role of artificial respiration. If the drowning person's breathing and heartbeat have stopped, give mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration immediately and massage the chest at the same time.

Eight, how to prevent drowning

1 Don't go swimming alone, and don't go swimming in places that don't know the bottom and water conditions or are dangerous and prone to drowning accidents. Choose a good swimming place and have a clear understanding of the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water.

You must be organized and swim under the guidance of a teacher or someone familiar with water. Take care of each other. If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after launching and designate lifeguards for safety protection.

Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in their limbs at ordinary times should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then go swimming after getting used to the water temperature. Students with dentures should take them off to prevent them from falling into the esophagus or trachea when choking.

4. Be self-aware of your own water, don't be brave after entering the water, don't dive and dive rashly, don't fight with each other, and avoid drinking and drowning. Don't swim in rapids and whirlpools, let alone drink and swim.

If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help.

When swimming, don't panic if you have a calf or leg cramps. You can kick or jump hard, massage and cramp, and call your peers for help.

When you encounter a drowning accident in swimming, you need first aid on the spot, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, the vomit, sediment and other impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity should be removed immediately to keep breathing smooth; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the belly of the drowning person, make his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his belly on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water". Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly.

How did you save yourself from drowning?

During the summer vacation, many students like to travel together, especially because of the hot weather, everyone is willing to play and swim by the water, and often at this time, it is easy to have dangerous situations. Since this summer vacation, students have been drowning from time to time, and some of these accidents are caused by students not mastering scientific rescue skills when helping each other. Not long ago, a drowning incident occurred in qitaihe city, Heilongjiang Province. Five high school students drowned to save their drowning classmates.

On July 14, 2004, some students from Class 5 of Qi Mei Group Senior Middle School spontaneously organized a visit to Wanbao Reservoir in qitaihe city, Heilongjiang Province. Along the way, the students walked on the steep mountain road and enjoyed the charming natural scenery around them. /kloc-Qing Li, a 0/6-year-old girl, went to the reservoir without guardrails to wash her hands alone. The cement dam is relatively flat with steep long slopes. The underwater part near the dam is covered with moss. At this time, the accident happened. She slipped and fell, and soon. Qing Li, who can't swim, panicked. She struggled for help. Students Li Quanrui and Xu Bao Zhong, who are playing nearby, rushed over after hearing the cry for help. They held their hands to save people. Just as they touched their hands, Li Quanrui and Xu, who were unfamiliar with water, slipped and the lake immediately flooded their heads. They drifted farther and farther away, and seemed to have felt closer and closer to death. Eight boys, including Li Kai, saw this situation and immediately ran to the dam. They formed two groups of human chains and went hand in hand to the lake to rescue three students who fell into the water. At this time, the students who fell into the water were 6 or 7 meters away from the shore, and Fang Weixin and other students had reached waist-deep water. At this time, the accident happened again. The students standing there slipped several times. Fang Wei Xinhe and Li Kai were pulled ashore by their classmates because they were close to the shore, and the other three students suddenly disappeared after sinking into the water. Just then, Zhang Zhiyu, a girl of 16 years old, ran down from the mountain and rushed to the dam. She jumped into the water and swam to Qing Li, which was struggling 8 or 9 meters away. Qing Li gripped Zhang Zhiyu's arm like a lifesaver. In the panic, the students shouted for help from passers-by, and several migrant workers who could swim jumped into the water without saying anything, saving the drowning boy. Because the water was particularly turbid and the visibility was above 1 m, several people kept swimming forward, looking for it. At the same time, the students quickly called the 120 emergency center. When several children were fished ashore, their faces were blue, their pupils were dilated and they had been drowning for a long time. The five students who fell into the water were then taken to the hospital for rescue, but due to the long drowning time, five students died after being rescued. Five young lives just disappeared. Their desperate efforts to rescue their classmates at the critical moment were shocking, but the accident was regrettable. In fact, in our daily life, drowning accidents happen from time to time. What should we do if we meet a drowning person?

Drowning is a common accident such as swimming or falling into puddles and wells. Drowning generally occurs in swimming pools, reservoirs, puddles, ponds, rivers, streams, beaches and other places. Summer is the season with frequent drowning accidents. Every summer, there will be drowning accidents in swimming. Among the drowning people, some can't swim, and some can swim and are good at water.

Now is the season when the weather is getting hotter. With the coming of summer vacation, the number of drowning casualties among primary and secondary school students has also increased significantly. Surveys by the Ministry of Education and other units in Beijing, Shanghai and other 10 provinces and cities show that at present, there are10.6 million abnormal deaths of primary and secondary school students in China every year, and on average, more than 40 students die every day from accidents such as drowning, traffic or food poisoning, among which drowning and traffic are still the top two accidental deaths. Let's look at a set of drowning accident data in 2004.

On June 2 1 day, five female students drowned in Ziyang County, Shaanxi Province. Among the five students killed, the oldest was 14 years old and the youngest was only 7 years old.

On June 25th, three primary school students in Fu 'an City, Fujian Province drowned while swimming by the stream.

On June 29th, three female students aged about 10 in Dazhou, Sichuan Province drowned while playing in the pond.

On July 1 day, three female students in Shangdu City, Henan Province drowned while swimming in the reservoir.

On July 4th, four junior high school students, aged about 16, swam in Songhua River in Jilin Province, and three of them drowned, 1 still alive.

How should you save yourself from drowning?

When someone falls into the water, rescuers should not rush to save people, because it will be very dangerous if they are caught by the drowning person. Entanglement with the drowning person in the water will not only consume a lot of physical strength of the rescuer, but sometimes even lead to exhaustion of physical strength of the rescuer and eventually death. If the situation is very urgent at that time, and the rescuer has certain rescue skills, then the rescuer should take off his clothes and shoes as soon as possible before entering the water, and try to avoid being caught by the drowning person when approaching.

10. How much do parents know about their children's swimming safety when they take their children to swimming venues for summer fitness?

1 Don't inhale through your nose.

Breathing in through the nose when swimming is the most likely cause of suffocation. Before the child goes into the water, parents should explain this problem clearly to the child to arouse his vigilance. If you choke on water, first open your mouth and take a deep breath. Even if you drink a few mouthfuls of water, you should open your mouth and not gasp through your nose. Children are often afraid of drinking water. In fact, for beginners, drinking more saliva is better than choking. World swimming champions sometimes have to drink in the pool. Fu pointed to the beginners in the swimming pool and told reporters, you see, it's easy for beginners to swim with their mouths closed. Although the coach has repeatedly stressed swimming with his mouth open, the children are still not used to it.

Don't play around the swimming pool

The swimming pool is mostly surrounded by mosaic ground, and swimmers walk back and forth on it, leaving a lot of water, so the ground is very slippery. Children are very active and often run around on them. Once they fall, they will be in danger.

Never dive upside down.

Some children like to dive upside down by the pool, thinking it is exciting, but they don't know that there is danger hidden inside. According to coach Fu, the child dives backward, his body leans slightly, his mouth is easy to touch the pool water, and his chin is easy to fracture. Other children turn and dive, and they will be in danger if they are not careful. Some children bow their heads and feel funny; But some swimming pools are not deep, and some children are hard and fierce. For this reason, people sometimes touch their heads at the bottom of the pool, which will seriously endanger their lives.

3 prevent leg cramps

Children are in a panic when they learn to swim. In addition, the water is very cold, and if he stays in the water for a long time, he may have a cramp in his leg. At this time, parents and children should not be too nervous. They should stop swimming immediately and float on their backs. According to coach Fu, one of the effective ways to prevent cramps is to make full preparations before swimming. Warm-up activities include moving the joints of the head, neck, shoulders, arms, waist and legs, hands and feet. Sometimes parents can also splash some water on their children's limbs to let them gradually adapt to the water temperature and then swim in the water. You can also drink some light salt water in advance.

Don't let children leave their parents' sight.

The child is too young to have the concept of safety. Although their parents talked about this knowledge, they still played with water and forgot their parents' advice. Therefore, when children swim, parents must always pay attention to ensure the safety of their children. Even if children learn to swim, or the area looks safer, parents should always keep an eye on their children so that they can take immediate action when they perceive something bad.

4 to prevent children's earache and tinnitus

When a child swims, if his ear gets water, he will tilt his head to the side where the ear gets water, pull the earlobe hard and jump on one leg on the same side; Aim the palm of your hand at the ear canal, block the ear tightly with your hand, tilt your head to the left when the left ear enters the water, tilt your head to the right when the right ear enters the water, and then quickly remove your hand to suck out the water. Then use a sterile cotton swab to send it into the ear canal to suck water.

5 prevent children from nausea and vomiting.

When a child swims, some will cause temporary nausea due to choking water, drinking water, fatigue and nervousness. He should go ashore in time, press Zhongwan and Neiguan points with his fingers or take some Ren Dan.

Don't swim in rivers, lakes, seas and reservoirs.

Try not to let children swim in rivers, lakes, seas and reservoirs. Every year, children drown because they swim alone in these places. The water in these places seems calm, but because there is a vortex hidden underwater, it may be swept away by the vortex as soon as it enters the water. If you want to go to these places, you must be accompanied by your parents and bring safety equipment such as floating and drifting. Swimming in the sea, preferably parallel to the coastline. Those with poor swimming skills and insufficient physical strength should not get involved in the depths. Be more careful when swimming in places with unclear geographical environment. If there are obstacles underwater, it will be dangerous to hit hard things or get entangled in underwater things.

XI。 Self-help after swimming distress

Self-rescue method of cramp in water

1 You have cramps when swimming. Don't panic. Be sure to stay calm, stop swimming, float on your back, and take different methods to save yourself according to different parts.

If leg cramps are caused by fatigue due to low water temperature, you can put your body in a supine position. Hold the toe of the cramped leg with your hand, pull it up hard to straighten the cramped leg, step on the water with the other foot, and paddle with the other hand to help the body float, and it will return to normal for many times in a row. After landing, knead it into a mountain point or a weizhong point with your fingertips and massage it. ? When your hands cramp, you should make a fist quickly, then straighten it hard and repeat it many times until you recover. If one hand cramps, in addition to the above actions, you can also massage Hegu, Neiguan and Waiguan points. ? For upper abdominal muscle spasm, you can pinch Zhongwan point (four inches above the umbilicus), cooperate with Zusanli point, or lie on your back in the water, bend your legs to the abdominal wall, then straighten them and repeat them several times. ? After pulling the tendons, swim back to the shore in a different swimming position. If you have to still use the same swimming posture, you should be wary of cramping again.

Weeds and silt are common in rivers, lakes, berths or shallow waters. Swimmers should try to avoid swimming in these places. What should I do if I am unfortunately entangled in aquatic plants or stuck in the mud? ? First of all, be calm, don't step on the water, and don't tamper with it, otherwise it will make it harder for your limbs to get rid of it, or get deeper and deeper in the mud. ? Use backstroke (legs straight, palms back) to slowly back along the original path. Or lie flat on the water, let your legs separate and let go with your hands.

If you carry a knife with you, you can cut the grass, or try to kick it away or smooth it off your hands and feet like taking off your socks. When you can't get rid of yourself, call for help in time.

4 After removing the aquatic plants, gently kick and swim, and leave the place where the aquatic plants are overgrown as soon as possible.

Vortex will appear where the river suddenly relaxes, narrows, twists and turns, there are obstacles such as protruding rocks at the bottom of the water, there are sinking pools and the riverbed is uneven. When flash floods and the river surges, the vortex is the most. There are always whirlpools at the seaside, so pay more attention.

Where there is a whirlpool, garbage and leaves often swirl around the whirlpool on the water. As long as you pay attention, you can find it early and try to avoid getting close.

If you are close, don't step in the water. You should lie flat on the water immediately, swim along the whirlpool and swim quickly by crawling. Because of the weak attraction of the vortex edge, it is not easy to get involved in large objects, so the body must lie flat on the water, and must not step on the water or dive vertically into the water.

Fatigue excessive self-help method

1 If you feel cold or tired, you should swim back to the shore immediately. If you are far away from the shore, or too tired to return to the shore at once, float on the water to save your strength.

Raise a hand, relax and let the other person save you. Don't cling to the rescuer.

If no one comes, continue to float on the water and swim back to the shore after recovering.

Twelve, swimming 16 bogey

1 Avoid swimming before and after meals.

Avoid swimming after strenuous exercise.

3 avoid swimming during menstruation

Avoid swimming in unfamiliar waters.

Avoid swimming in the sun for a long time.

Avoid swimming without warm-up activities.

7 avoid eating immediately after swimming

Avoid swimming too long.

Avoid people with a history of epilepsy swimming.

10 patients with hypertension should avoid swimming.

1 1 Swimming is forbidden for patients with heart disease.

12 otitis media avoid swimming

13 acute conjunctivitis avoid swimming.

14 Avoid swimming with certain skin diseases.

15 Avoid swimming after drinking.

16 Avoid neglecting post-swim hygiene.

Thirteen, self-help and mutual rescue in swimming

Self-help in swimming

1 self-rescue of muscle cramps in water is caused by excessive electrolyte release from the body in water, excessive cold water, excessive physical exertion, and insufficient preparation activities on land. Generally speaking, leg and toe cramps are the most common. If you encounter this situation, you should first keep your body in balance in the water, keep your legs as straight as possible, then grab your ankles with your hands, hook your toes in the direction of your body, and try to pull your toes until the cramp disappears. If the cramp is too heavy and your legs are numb, you can swim to the shore while pulling, or you can shout for help.

The danger of sudden sinking during swimming is more common for beginners or swimmers with low swimming skills. When you swim in, you will feel suddenly bored, and then your body will sink. This situation is mainly due to underestimation of one's physical strength, uneven distribution of physical strength and excessive physical consumption, as well as one's ignorance. In this case, you must keep calm and hold your breath when your body sinks, so that your lungs will be filled with gas. After a while, the body will naturally float. Then stroke the breaststroke swimmer (hand down), kick the breaststroke leg (mainly the calf and ankle are round from the inside out), and gradually transition. If you have auxiliary facilities such as waterline around you, you can have a rest before swimming.

3 To swim in wild natural waters surrounded by aquatic plants, we must first observe the underwater environment. If you encounter aquatic plants or fishing nets unfortunately, you must keep calm and never struggle. In this case, only by keeping calm can we get rid of it. The sooner you find the entanglement, the easier it is to get rid of it. After being entangled, we should first relax, observe the entanglement and try to get rid of it. If you can't get rid of it, you can call the police for help. Aquatic plants and entangled rope tips will spread outward and upward with the relaxation of the body, and will be released as long as the root cause is carefully found.

When helping others, it is inevitable to meet others in distress during swimming. When others are in distress, we all need to reach out and help. However, when we rescue the drowning person, the drowning person is unconscious because of panic and fear, and often catches the rescuer in panic. We may be caught or hugged before being towed away. In this case, we need to calmly use rescue technology to get rid of the drowning person, and then

(2) Mutual assistance in swimming

65438+ If the lifeguard is caught by a drowning person with one hand below, it is also free. The difference is that the rescuer passes a hand between the hands of the drowning person from above, grabs the caught hand and twitches upwards.

The rescuer held the drowning man's neck from the back to make him free. The rescuer holds the back of the drowning person's hand with one hand and the elbow of the drowning person's same hand with the other hand. The rescuer sinks, pushes the elbow up hard, and then presses the back of the drowning person's hand down hard to get rid of it. At the same time, hold the wrist of the drowning person, let the drowning person turn his back on himself and pull hard.

Three rescue methods for rescuers who were drowned before. Because of the drowning man's survival psychology, he often hugs the rescuer's waist tightly, making his face cling to the rescuer's abdomen, which is difficult to get rid of. At this point, the rescuer should use the principle of head posture reflex. As long as one hand holds the drowning man's jaw, the other hand holds the other side close to his head, and the drowning man's head is slightly turned with both hands, so that he can let go and leave the rescuer, thus achieving the purpose of liberation. The rescuer should approach the drowning person from behind again and carry out traction.

4 rescue methods in which rescuers and drowning people embrace from behind. First, after the rescuer is hugged, touch the finger of the drowning person with his hand, find his index finger or ring finger, grab it, and force it to separate outward. Then stretch the drowning man's hand upward and downward respectively, then release the downward stretched hand and immediately retreat to the back, and then drag it after the drowning man calms down.

5 How to get rid of the hair of the drowning person If it is entangled in the hair of the rescuer, the rescuer should hold down the drowning person's hand with the same hand as the drowning person (the hand that crosses the position *), look for the little finger of the drowning person's hand and sink. At the same time, lift his hand with one hand and push his elbow with the other hand, so that the drowning person turns his body and is dragged.

Fourteen, how to save drowning people

Before launching 1, prepare a long and strong strip of cloth or towel and a lifebuoy;

If you decide to go into the water to save people, try not to let the drowning person get involved. If you meet the drowning person head-on when swimming to the drowning person, you must immediately use backstroke to quickly retreat;

2 where the drowning person can't catch it, hand out cloth or towel or lifebuoy, let the drowning person catch one end and drag the drowning person ashore by himself;

Remember, don't let the drowning person catch your body or limbs. If the drowning person tries to get close to you, immediately let go and swim away;

If it is necessary to rescue the drowning person with bare hands, and the drowning person is caught off guard, you should approach the drowning person from behind, firmly grasp the drowning person from behind, grasp the drowning person's chin, make the drowning person back, make the drowning person's body close to his head, and forcibly clamp the drowning person's shoulder with his elbow;

Comfort the drowning person and try to make the drowning person emotionally stable;

5. Drag the drowning person back to the shore with backstroke;

If the drowning person is unconscious, you can grab the drowning person's chin with your hands and swim back to the shore.

Fifteen, swimming in the swimming pool safety knowledge

1 Please don't run or chase by the pool to avoid slipping and injury.

Don't push people into the water at will by the pool to avoid hitting others or hitting the pool and getting injured.

Diving by the pool is forbidden, often because the water is shallow, resulting in cervical spine injury and lifelong paralysis.

When playing in the water, don't push others into the water to avoid choking.

When you are active in the water, when you feel cold, or when you are going to cramp, you should go ashore and have a rest.

6 If someone is found drowning, call for help immediately or call 1 10 for support. If you haven't learned to save people on water, don't jump into the water to save people.

If you find that you are not strong enough to swim back to the pool, you should immediately raise your hand for help, or shout "help" and wait for help.

Common sense of beach swimming safety

1 You should swim in the sea area with life-saving personnel on duty, obey the instructions and do not exceed the warning line.

Don't rely on inflatable floating devices (such as swimming rings and floating beds) to help you swim when playing at the seaside. If you are discouraged and have no one to rely on, you will easily drown.

Swimming in the sea, because it is moving water, with currents and waves, is different from swimming pools. To reach the same distance, you need double endurance and physical strength, so don't overestimate your swimming ability to avoid misfortune.

It is forbidden to swim alone to avoid accidents.

In the sea, if you have skin injury and bleeding, you should go ashore immediately.

6 In case of drowning, you should shout or call 1 10 for help. If you haven't learned to save lives on water, don't rush into the water to save lives, so as not to cause drowning.

Lifeguards at the seaside are all dressed in yellow and red. If you see the white hut on the beach and the yellow and red flagpole next to it, you can be sure that this is a life-saving station and lifeguards are on duty. If the flagpole is closed, the lifeguard is not on duty. At the same time, the life-saving station also has warning signs. If the red flag is inserted, it will warn everyone that the sea breeze is strong and it is not suitable for swimming in the sea.

Sixteen, the basic knowledge of swimming safety

1 You can't go swimming alone. Without a companion, swimming alone is the most prone to problems. Students should be accompanied by parents or adults when swimming, otherwise swimming outdoors is prohibited.

People who are sick should not go swimming. Patients with chronic diseases such as otitis media and heart disease, as well as those with colds, fever, mental fatigue and physical weakness, are not allowed to go swimming.

After taking part in strong physical labor or strenuous exercise, you should not jump into the water to swim immediately, especially in the case of sweating and fever, otherwise it will easily cause cramps, colds or accidents.

Polluted rivers, reservoirs, places with rapids, the intersection of two rivers and rivers and lakes with large drops are not suitable for swimming. Generally speaking, all rivers, lakes and Shantang reservoirs with unknown water conditions are not suitable for swimming.

Bad weather such as thunderstorm, strong wind and sudden change of weather is not suitable for swimming.

17. What should I pay attention to when swimming?

1 Swimming requires a physical examination. People suffering from heart disease, hypertension, tuberculosis, otitis media, skin diseases, severe trachoma and various infectious diseases are not suitable for swimming. Menstrual female students are also not suitable for swimming.

Choose the swimming place carefully. To swim in rivers, lakes and seas, we must first understand the water conditions. Waters with more undercurrents, eddies, silt, rocks and aquatic plants are not suitable for swimming. It is also not suitable to swim in the waters where there are many ships coming and going, polluted and schistosomiasis endemic areas.

3 preparation before launching. You can run, do exercises, exercise, and wash your trunk and limbs with a small amount of cold water, so that your body can adapt to the water temperature as soon as possible and avoid dizziness, palpitation and cramps.

When you are full or hungry, don't swim after strenuous exercise and heavy work.

Don't dive when the underwater situation is unknown.

If you find someone drowning, don't rush into the water to save him, but call an adult for help.