Brief introduction and detailed information of Yujiang River

Overview of the Main Stream Yujiang River, commonly known as Nanjiang River, is the dividing point between Qianjiang Section and Jiang Xun Section of the Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin. Across the south of Guangxi. Originated in Tingnong Village, Liancheng Town, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, its source is called Daliang River, and it flows northeast into Guangxi called Tuoniang River. It flows through Xilin County, Guangxi, reaches tianlin county and joins the Western River, which is called Pei 'ai River. It flows south to Peiaiwei, Yunnan, and then eastward to Baise, where it joins Bicheng River and is called Youjiang. It flows through Tian Yang, Tiandong, Pingguo, Longan and other counties, and joins Zuojiang River in Song Cun, Jiangnan District, Nanning, which is called Yujiang River (the Yujiang section from Song Cun to Liujingwei in Hengxian County is customarily called Yongjiang River), and then flows through Nanning City (including Xixiangtang District, Jiangnan District, Xingning District, Liangqing District, Yongning District and Qingxiu District), Hengxian County and Guigang.

River length 1 179 km, total drop 1655 m, average gradient 1.4‰. The drainage area is 90,656 square kilometers, and that of Guangxi is 70,007 square kilometers, accounting for 34.5% of the total area of Xijiang River system.

Tuoniang River starts from Yujiangyuan, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, and ends at Puting River and Nama River Mouth, Baoai Town, Funing County.

Tuoniang River is located in the northwest of Guangxi. It is said that in the year of drought in ancient times, a young man carried his mother down the mountain to find water. When I reached the river, my mother died of thirst on her back, and the young man jumped into the river and killed himself, hence the name Tuoniang River. Originated in Tingnong Village, Liancheng Town, northwest of Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. It flows northeast from Tingnong Village to Xilin County, Guangxi, turns southeast, passes through Ba Du Township, tianlin county, flows south to Funing County, Yunnan, and ends in Pei 'ai Town. Total length 180 km. The main tributaries are Lengping River and the Western Ocean. Watershed area 1 1600 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 4. 09 billion cubic meters. Rivers pass through mountains, with narrow riverbed, fast-flowing water and abundant hydraulic resources. Exile raft

Ba 'ai River starts at the confluence of tianlin county and Xiyang River in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and ends at Baise Town, Baise City. South flows through Bao 'ai Town, Funing County, and then turns east and flows into Baise City.

Youjiang Section Youjiang Section starts from Bicheng Estuary of Baise Town, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and ends in Song Cun, Nanning City. It flows southeast from Baise, passes through Tian Yang, Tiandong, Pingguo and Long 'an counties, and ends at the junction of Song Cun and Zuojiang River in the western suburb of Nanning, with a total length of 707 kilometers. The main tributaries are Xiyang River, Longxu River, Lile River, Bicheng River, Baidong River, Lvshui River, Jiangcheng River, Tianzhou River and Wuming River. The drainage area is 386 12 square kilometers, and the annual average runoff17.2 billion cubic meters. Youjiang River is a mountainous river with many beaches, urgent water, long dry season and low navigation capacity. After vigorously regulating the waterway, the 120-ton barge fleet can be navigable and become the main waterway in western Guangxi. There are hundreds of reservoirs in the basin, such as chengbihe reservoir, Batai Reservoir, Baidong Reservoir and Huxian Reservoir. According to Baise Tangzhi, "Youjiang flows from Baise Tianzhou to Xia Jing County, so it is called Youjiang because it belongs to Zuojiang Rightists."

Yujiang Section Yujiang Section starts from Song Cun, Jiangnan District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and ends at the confluence of Guiping City and Qianjiang Section of Xijiang River. It flows through Nanning City (excluding Wuming District), Hengxian County, Guigang City and Guiping City.

Yongjiang Section Yongjiang Section starts from Song Cun, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and ends at Daozhuang Village, Liu Jing Town, Hengxian County. It belongs to Yujiang reach.

Yongjiang River is located in the south of Guangxi and within the territory of Nanning. It originates from Song Cun, where the left and right rivers meet, flows eastward through the intersection of Pumiao Town and Bachi River in Yongning District, and ends at Daozhuang Village, Liu Jing Town, Hengxian County, with a total length of about 133.8km, a drainage area of 6 120km2 and a water surface area of 26.76km2 The tributary is a brook. The average annual runoff is 4 1 100 million cubic meters. The slope is 0. 199‰, which can be used for 200 to 300 passenger ships and ships under 120 tons all year round. Dozens of kilometers of levees have been built along the banks of the river. Yongjiang River began in the Tang Dynasty. One is named after Yongzhou, and the other is named after the original Tanxi in the suburbs of Nanning.

Hydrological characteristics: The average runoff of Guigang Station for many years is 47.9 billion cubic meters, the runoff depth is 545.7 mm ... 65438+1May-June flood season, the runoff is 40 billion cubic meters, accounting for 83.6% of the annual runoff. The annual average sediment concentration is 0.34 kg/m3, and the erosion modulus is 107 tons /km2.

The annual variation of Yujiang River runoff represented by Guigang Hydrological Station, 1952- 1967 has a long dry season, and the average runoff in most years is less than 47.9 billion cubic meters. 1968- 1974 is the wet season, with 5 years exceeding the multi-year average. The highest water 1973 reached 76.7 billion cubic meters, and the lowest water 1963 reached 23.8 billion cubic meters. From the early 1950s to the mid-1970s, the maximum difference was 52.9 billion cubic meters, which was 1.04 times of the average. 1975- 1977 enters the low water cycle again. 1978- 1979, another rainy season. In 1980s, except for 1985 and 1986, they were in the dry season. There are long periods and short periods, which alternate.

The sediment concentration of Yujiang River is represented by Nanning Hydrological Station, and the average sediment concentration of 1954- 1959 is 0.249kg/m3；. 0.230 kg/m3 in 1960s; 7.6% lower than that in the 1950s; The average annual sediment concentration in 1970s was 0.243kg/m3, which was 2.4% lower than that in 1950s. From 1950s to 1970s, the change was not obvious.

River Basin Overview The Yujiang River can be divided into three sections: the section above Baise is 388km long, with a drop of1.554m and an average gradient of 4.0 1‰. Flowing through the plateau and mountainous areas, the river is deep, the valley is narrow and steep, the water is fast, the land is vast and the population is sparse, and the water resources are rich. The Baise-Song Cun Youjiang reach is 338km long with a drop of 59m, with an average gradient of 0. 17‰. It flows through the platform plain of Youjiang River Valley, with concentrated cultivated land and dense population, and relatively developed industrial and agricultural production. The reach from Song Cun to Guiping is 426 kilometers long with a drop of 42 meters, with an average gradient of 0. 1‰. Flowing through the hilly plain, the valley is spacious, the water flow is gentle, the cultivated land is concentrated, the population is dense, the economy is developed, and there are many small and medium-sized towns along the coast.

The main tributaries of Yujiang River are Zuojiang River, Wuming River, Baidong River, Longxu River, Bicheng River, Lile River and Xiyang River. The following rivers in Nanning are Bachi River, Zhenlong River and Wusi River.

Zuojiang, the largest tributary of Yujiang River, originated in the mountainous area of northern Vietnam and is called Qiong Qi River in Vietnam. It is called Pinger River (or Lixi River) after Pinger Pass in Pingxiang City flows into Guangxi. It flows through Pingxiang City and Longzhou County until Longzhou Town meets Shuikou River, which is called Zuojiang River, and flows through Longzhou, Chongzuo and Fusui until Song Cun meets Youjiang River. The total length of the main stream is 539 kilometers, and the drainage area is 3 1.595 square kilometers. The average annual runoff of Laiwu Station for many years is 65.438+0.74 billion cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 632.2 mm; The runoff from May to June in flood season is 654.38+0.5 billion cubic meters, accounting for 86.2% of the annual runoff, and the runoff is highly concentrated in flood season. The maximum annual runoff was 654.38+26.7 billion cubic meters in 0973, and the minimum runoff was 654.38+961billion cubic meters in 0963, with a difference of17.09 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 0.98 times of the average. The average sediment concentration is 0. 17kg/m3, and the erosion modulus is 104t/km2. The main stream of Zuojiang River is especially curved, and there are many yoked curved rivers from Longzhou Longjing to Song Cun. The main tributaries of Zuojiang River are Heishui River, Mingjiang River and Shuikou River.

Li Le originates in Bantao Township, tianlin county, develops along Youjiang fault zone, flows through Tianlin Town from northwest to southeast, and flows into Pei 'ai River near Yang Xu, Baise City, with a river length of 129.6km and a drainage area of 14 16 km2. With an average annual runoff of 498 million cubic meters and a runoff depth of 35 1.6 mm, it is the smallest river in the whole region. During the flood season from May to June in 65438+1October, the runoff was 320 million cubic meters, accounting for 90.4% of the annual runoff. It is also one of the rivers with the most concentrated runoff in flood season in our region.

Longxu River originates from the karst area in the north of Jingxi County, flows through Jingxi and Debao, and flows into Youjiang River in Tiandong County, with a total length of 1.30 kilometers and a drainage area of 2,750 square kilometers. The annual runoff of normal water is10.47 billion cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 550 mm

Bicheng is a large first-class tributary of Youjiang River, which was called Bichengshui (also called Surabaya) in ancient times. It originated in the eastern foot of a mountain range on the northern slope of Qinglong Mountain in the north of lingyun county, and entered the countryside in Tangtun Village, Pingtang Village, Yongle Township, Baise City. Along the way, it flows through Pingtang Village in Yongle, Dana and Ina in He Lin Village in Longchuan Township, Laihao in Nanle Village in Yongle Township, Rada and Dongping in Baise Town, and joins Youjiang River at the urban pier.

Fulu River is a larger tributary of Youjiang River. It originated in a funnel-shaped karst area centered on Gaoguotun, Dongling Township, Debao County. Nahutun, Huowang Village, Qiao Ye Township, Tianyang County, flows into Baise City, flows through Na Ren and Dashuangtun, and then returns to Tianyang County. After 9 kilometers in Dongjing Township, Nahutun entered Baise City in Baihuatun, Zhonghua Village, Longhe Township. After that, it turned from Beidun to Jiubutun, Fuxiang Village, Dubi Township, and merged into Youjiang River in Pingfutun East. Part of the city is 26.3 kilometers long. The basin area is 5 15 square kilometers, and the river width is generally 30~50 meters. The main tributaries in the territory are Xiren (Dashuang) River in Longhe Township and Donghuanxi River in Nabi Township, and the flow of the main stream is basically stable. The flow of oranges in the upper reaches is 4-7 m3/s, the rare and extremely severe drought flow1.0m3/s (1.963 May), the flood season flow1-40m3/s, and the annual average flow14./kloc. The flow in the next flood season is 14 ~ 60m3/s, and the flood flow has reached1382m3/s; The average annual flow is 23.7 cubic meters per second. The annual average flow is 747 million cubic meters, and the annual average runoff depth is 627.7 mm ... The riverbed of the main stream is steep, with a drop of more than 2 meters 100, forming a small waterfall. The available drop of the whole basin is 263 meters, which is beneficial to the cascade development of hydropower stations and the construction of irrigation farmland by water diversion projects. After liberation, river water resources and hydropower resources have been gradually developed and utilized. By 1988, the water diversion project of Fulu River, which can irrigate 1000 mu of farmland, has been built in the downstream. The Fuluhe III hydropower station in Baise City, with an installed capacity of 9600 kilowatts, was completed and put into operation in 199 1 year.

Huang Sang River, formerly known as Zhensang River, is a first-class tributary of Tianzhou River and a second-class tributary of Youjiang River, which originated from Nonghong, Nongya and Liulashan in Shali Township, lingyun county. From north to south, it flows into Nalutun, Ren Xiang Village, Longchuan Township, Baise City. It flows through Ren Xiang, Longchuan, Pingle, Dong Hao, Yin Na and Liancun, as well as Lu Ping, Bailan and Liuhe villages in Bailan Township, and goes out to the market near Natun in Liuhe Village. The urban watershed covers an area of 384.4 square kilometers, with a flow length of 70 kilometers, and 54 Maoxi and small tributaries flow into the main stream. Locals in the upper and middle reaches call it Longchuan River. The river is 20~50 meters wide, and the average runoff depth for many years is 450 mm; The average annual runoff is 65.438+0.79 billion cubic meters; The annual average flow rate is 5.68 cubic meters per second, and the maximum flow rate is 1 170 cubic meters per second. The riverbed gradient is 6.66‰, with a drop of 506 meters. The current is swift and navigable, but the slope is steep, which is beneficial to the construction of bow water projects and power stations. Before liberation, there were many water diversion projects in the upstream (Longchuan) to irrigate farmland for small bucket rockfill dams or pile rockfill dams. A bamboo tube waterwheel was built in the middle and lower reaches of the river to pump water to irrigate the fields (there are still users now). After liberation, China has built Langtang Reservoir and Hydropower Station, Longchuan Hydropower Station, Nalan Hydropower Station, Zhou Na Hydropower Station, Pingzuo Hydropower Station and Hexagonal Hydropower Station.

Li Le is a first-class tributary of Youjiang River, which was called Lucheng Water in ancient times, also called Luo Li. Originated in the watershed of Bantao Township, tianlin county. It enters Pinghou Village, Wangdian Township, Baise City, and flows through Changping Village, Wangdian Village, Liangpa Village and Xujiang Village, with a total length of 60 kilometers. It flows into Youjiang River in Baidatun Village, Gong Yuan Village, with a drainage area of 476 square kilometers, with a gradient of 1.58‰ and a natural drop of 95 meters. Generally, the river is 20~50 meters wide, and there is Wangdian Hydrological Station in the middle reaches of the main stream. According to the observation data of 1968~ 1988, the maximum annual runoff of Wangdian is 760 million cubic meters (1979), the minimum annual runoff is1320,000 cubic meters (1975), and the average annual runoff is 394 million cubic meters. The minimum flow rate is 0.13m3/s (1April 6, 975) and the maximum flow rate is1300m3/s (1September 4, 976). The maximum flow under investigation is 1890 m3/s (data of Baise Hydrological Substation 1968). The maximum precipitation in 24 hours is 244.7 mm (1August 6, 967), and the annual average precipitation is 1200mm. There are three tributaries in the territory: Shahong River, Xihe River (Nami River) and Weilai River. 1988 Pinghou Tunjian Hydropower Station with an installed capacity of 250kW.

Developing and harnessing the main stream of Xijiang River spans Guangdong and Guangxi, reaching Yunnan and Guizhou. 1981may, the State Council approved the construction of Xijiang waterway according to the third-class standard. The first phase of the project will be completed with Guiping shipping hub and Guigang transit port, and the waterway from Guiping to Wuzhou will be rectified; The second phase of the project will build the navigation steps of Guigang and rectify the waterway from Guigang to Xijin, so that the 842-kilometer waterway from Nanning to Guangzhou will reach the standard of navigation for thousands of tons of ships all the year round. After the completion of Xijiang Phase I Shipping Construction Project 1986+0 1 which started in June, the section from Guigang to Wuzhou can also reach the standard of navigable thousand-ton ships; Only the waterway from Xijin to Guigang (107 km) has narrow bends, many dangerous beaches and fast current. In dry season, the water depth is only 0.8 m, so it can only be used for cargo barge navigation below 100 tons, and it cannot be used at night. Therefore, the main task of the second phase project of Xijiang River is to build a shipping hub in Guigang, rectify the dangerous beach at the tail of Xijin and Guigang reservoirs, and make the 842-kilometer waterway from Nanning to Guangzhou unblocked for thousands of tons of barges all the year round.

In the regulation of Youjiang River, two large reservoirs, Wacun and Baise, were deployed according to the favorable conditions of high mountains and low valleys in the upper reaches, vast land and sparse population. Including the construction of Baise Reservoir, obtaining low water to regulate the flow, and the construction of shipping cascade in Tianyang Naji, which plays an anti-regulation role in the discharge of Baise Reservoir. The waterway below Naji adopts the method of beach dredging and regulation, so that the Youjiang River can be navigable for a 500-ton pusher fleet all year round. The long-term vision is to build a series of steps in the planning, so that the whole line from Baise to Nanning can be channelized and the 1000-ton pusher fleet can be navigable.