How to understand the aesthetics of China's music education as the core?

With the deepening of music education reform and the implementation of new music curriculum standards, the concepts of "music aesthetics" and "related culture" have been paid more and more attention by music teachers in China music education. [1] Ancient Greek philosophers have long put forward: "Physical strength, intelligence, aesthetics and morality are intertwined to form a complete person." This idea has long been adopted in primary and secondary education in Europe and America. After decades of educational practice, China has developed from an incomplete "three educations" of "morality, intelligence and physique" to a comprehensive "five educations" of "morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor", putting aesthetic education in its proper position or reappearing in the overall educational reform of the country, which is a severe challenge for teachers in new age music at present.

[2] "Music aesthetic education, also known as" aesthetic education "and" aesthetic education ",is an education to cultivate people's feelings, appreciation, evaluation, creation, hobbies and emotions about the beauty of nature, social life and artistic works". Its educational function, value function and political function are all carried out at every moment of sound flow, which subtly affects the changes of people's mood, emotion, sentiment and personality. Thereby inspiring people to shape a colorful life and a sound personality. The main position of aesthetic education in primary schools should be art subjects (i.e. literature, art and music). Although literature, art, music and other art forms have their own unique artistic development laws and different internal structures and forms of expression, they all reveal, describe, express and show their artistic charm around a common goal-human thoughts and feelings. Primary school aesthetic education has its own characteristics, and school aesthetic education is a colorful and harmonious world.

Music aesthetic education is one of the important means to implement aesthetic education in schools and has its unique functions. For example, the melody beauty of music, the language beauty of lyrics, the artistic conception beauty of voice, the physical beauty of performance and the emotional beauty of singing and playing are incomparable to other disciplines. It can not only cultivate children's sentiment, enrich association, develop intelligence and enliven their thoughts, but also stimulate motivation, strive for progress, stimulate creativity and influence the formation of world outlook. Therefore, the author puts forward the following views on the relationship between music teaching and beauty through years of music teaching practice and the study and practice of new curriculum standards.

First, feel beauty in singing and swimming learning, and use beauty to shape beauty.

Singing tour is an essential teaching content in the lower grades of primary schools. It contains a strong sense of rhythm and rhythmic beauty, which is the reflection of musical image and the expression of body art. Tagore said: Rhythm plays the role of a river bank, endowing poetry with formal beauty and characteristics. In fact, not only literature, but also the beauty of other sister arts can get rid of the shackles of rhythm and rhythm? Whenever students feel the changes in the pitch, timbre, strength and rhythm of rhythmic music, they can't help dancing. Their own movements and music rhythm produce a harmonious aesthetic feeling, which brings people harmony in rhythm and rhythm and allows you to enjoy beauty.

For example, the singing performance "Wild Goose Fly to Heaven" and the group dance "Northeast Yangko" in the lower grades of primary school. The former has beautiful melody, relatively stable rhythm, smooth movements, gentleness and generosity, which embodies the essence that students should learn from geese to observe discipline and love the collective from an early age, while the latter has unrestrained melody and lively, exciting and enthusiastic rhythm. Its action forms are jumping, stumbling, brisk and cheerful, which shows the cheerful and enthusiastic scene of Quyi in the collective square. Through the teaching of musical rhythmic works with different contents, forms and styles and the corresponding combination of body movements, it undoubtedly creates a vast space for children to feel, understand, imagine, create and interpret. It can be said that you can see and feel, hear and feel, and the sound is tangible, and there are scenes and feelings in the scene. In the process of participating in learning and performing, students have mastered knowledge, developed potential, enriched interest and cultivated innovative ability, which will undoubtedly have a great impact on the formation of students' world outlook and the shaping of their personality. It truly embodies the thinking and creation between leaders and subjects, between subjects and subjects, and the exchange and collision between emotions, and embodies the principle of "student-centered" teacher-student interaction and student-student interaction in the new curriculum standard. Then, in the process of singing and swimming learning, cultivate their noble character, inspire innovative thinking, narrow the distance between teachers and students, books and practice, and discover beauty, know beauty, feel beauty, express beauty and shape beauty from singing and swimming learning activities.

Knowing Beauty and Pleasing Emotion with Beauty in Song Studies

Chekhov, a great Russian writer, said: [3] "Singing is the sun, and life without singing is as pale as life without the sun. Learning to sing and appreciate songs is one of the important links in school music education, which is the expression of learners' emotions and the embodiment of their souls. When students have strong feelings about music works, they will subtly improve their moral cultivation and ideological realm. Soak their hearts and spleen by sneaking into the night with the wind and moistening things silently.

For example, in the song appreciation textbook "Love You, China", the lyrics use overlapping sentences, parallelism and other methods to describe the forests, mountains and rivers, spring seedlings, autumn fruits and pastoral crops of the motherland vividly and delicately, with fresh and beautiful words and strong artistic appeal. The text shows the magnificent picture of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and deepens the theme of "Love you, China". The melody of the song is ups and downs, and the lyrics and songs are connected and reflect each other, as if introducing people into the artistic realm of larks overlooking the land of China and leading their necks to sing. Through teachers' appreciation and vivid explanation, students are deeply attracted by the beautiful melody of songs and the musical image depicted by the vivid pictures of multimedia courseware. No wonder some students wrote that this song is like a magnificent picture of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, and overseas children are full of passionate and sincere patriotic feelings.

Secondly, in the process of learning to sing and appreciate the national anthem, students know that it is a symbol of the image of the Chinese nation. When they associate it with the 5,000-year history of civilization of the Chinese nation, they can say many things: China's today, China's tomorrow, China's reform and opening up ... Today, Macao speaks to the motherland, calling for 300 years, "the motherland will come back". It contains ups and downs. Tears of joy hung on the smiling face, struggling, struggling, longing, flowing from the bottom of my heart with the beating of notes. The call of Hong Kong has made the motherland see that the Oriental Pearl is more beautiful today. However, there is another child who cares about his mother's heart day and night. "Dragon King at Sea", can you build a colorful bridge to connect Gulangyu and Keelung Port? The descendants of Zheng Chenggong face Taiwan Province Province and think of the "glory" of that year. The urgency of "it's almost here" infects students, which is the feeling of mother and child, the feeling of homesickness. Through the teaching and appreciation of songs, whoever is not infected will naturally feel their feelings of listening, singing and patriotism. In the process of teaching and learning, their emotions, attitudes and values have been improved and their moral sentiments have been sublimated. Close the distance between teaching materials and students; Close the distance between teachers and students; It has narrowed the distance between students and society and life. Therefore, it is not difficult to see that the integration of music and literature and art has been fully exerted here. Rich lyrics and beautiful and radical songs contain a lot of beauty. However, beauty and kindness are twin sisters. Teachers should be good at guiding students to distinguish beauty, perceive beauty, know beauty and discover beauty in teaching, and try their best to create an atmosphere for children to carry forward beauty, enlighten and understand the true meaning of learning to be human.

Third, music appreciation breeds beauty and promotes goodness with beauty.

Music appreciation is one of the indispensable and important means in music education. Its purpose is to train students to listen to music works through hearing, so as to enjoy the beauty of music and satisfy spiritual pleasure and rational improvement. And music, with the charm of its voice, gives people all kinds of beautiful feelings. Its melody is full of ups and downs, ups and downs, twists and turns, and contains all the factors of beauty in the comparative combination of movement, height, speed and tightness, showing its unique charm, thus arousing people's pursuit and yearning for beauty and arousing people's emotional waves. It nourishes children's hearts and cultivates their sentiments with the beauty of its sound system.

For example, the great solo "Swan" in the instrumental music appreciation textbook vividly depicts the beautiful scene of the white swan roaming gracefully on the sparkling lake, just like the melody of lyric songs, just like the swan singing, while the exquisite arpeggio accompaniment of the piano is like a clear and beautiful lake, rippling with waves, shaping the elegant image of the swan roaming on the lake. When children listen to soft and beautiful music, it seems to be immersive and beautiful. Secondly, the exquisite brushwork of the author of another selected textbook, Moonlit Night on a Spring River, depicts a mythical and wonderful realm for people, making the music extraordinarily beautiful and quiet. Describe in detail the sweet and intoxicating mood of the river before the moon sets. Different musical instruments, different timbres, different musical instruments, different expressions, from the bell and drum performance of Jiangna Tower, the Dongshan Mountain on the moon, the wind whirling, the cascade of flowers and shadows, the deep water clouds, the singing of fishermen's songs and so on, all vividly interpret the beautiful mountains and rivers, the blue moon shadows, the rippling lakes and mountains, which makes people hold their breath and imagine. At this moment, the charm of music and students' hearts are colliding and blending, achieving the best effect. At the same time, teachers should guide students to listen more, think more and feel attentively in future music appreciation, and understand and appreciate the beauty of voice, timbre, musical instrument, straight body, harmony and artistic conception.

Fourth, experience beauty in music activities and enjoy beauty.

Music has a strong pleasure function. [4] "Anyone who is willing to enjoy music will be able to enjoy beauty wholeheartedly, which is a sign of willingness to receive education. When people are happy in spirit, they will have a positive mood and shine brilliantly. " In the teaching activities of instrumental music, the author adheres to the "student-centered" teaching mode, cultivates students' abilities of hands-on, brains and innovation, and lets students know, feel and experience beauty by themselves. For example, in the organ teaching class, the rehearsal is the ensemble "Cloud Chasing the Moon". First, students are trained in imposing manner, clapping their hands, patting their legs and stamping their feet, and then practice in groups according to the sounds, so that everyone can participate in the activities and experience the beauty of rhythm, posture, melody and artistic conception. Some groups play melodies with the organ, some groups accompany melodies with rhythmic instruments, and some groups perform impromptu dance performances. Students' practice stimulated their creative desire. This educational model of participation-interaction-experience-sublimation is the test and deepening of the new curriculum standard "student development as the center" It not only optimizes the classroom, but also enlightens students' wisdom, expands the thinking space, educates people with emotion and affection, and unconsciously infiltrates students' hearts, resulting in the corresponding effect with beautiful hearts.

Fifth, the performance of beauty in music practice is guided by beauty.

Music is a self-discipline tool for teenagers' ideological education and an important way to realize the function of moral education. The artistry and ideology of music works are integrated, and the hidden moral education factors infiltrate each other imperceptibly. For example, in the rehearsal of extracurricular chorus and instrumental ensemble, the band is composed of many people because of chorus. It is very important to cooperate with each other. Not only should you sing neatly, but you should also work hard with Qi Xin to show your work well. On the basis of neatness, the singing and performance of multi-voice parts are emphasized, which is not only the harmony of straight parts, but also the coordination of all aspects, so as to perfectly show artistic vocal and instrumental works. On this basis, teachers should use the situation to educate students collectively. The effect of "guiding behavior with beauty" here is the most direct and convincing fact. It is not difficult to see the importance of collectivism in chorus and ensemble music activities. The clear consciousness of mutual cooperation and collaboration is an important content of moral education in our school. In this particular environment, aesthetic beauty, aesthetic realization, aesthetic joy and aesthetic virtue can be fully displayed.

To sum up, aesthetic education in schools should not be a fig leaf for exam-oriented education, nor should it be a billboard to decorate famous schools! It is not a beautiful word hanging on the president's lips, nor a gorgeous slogan on the campus wall, nor is it synonymous with the school's enrollment rate. What is that? The author thinks that it should be the driving force of students' innovative thinking, the catalyst of personality development, the tool of cultivating personality, the color of drawing grand blueprints, the concentrated embodiment of national comprehensive quality, the careful blending of spring rain and embellishment in class, and the mirror of broadening horizons. It can reflect the colorful picture of aesthetic education; It can weave colorful aesthetic education aura; Can pile up a hundred years of aesthetic education building; It can compose an immortal movement of magnificent life ... As the disseminator and founder of school aesthetic education, music teachers should understand the truth of role transformation in the new century and take the initiative to feel, experience, observe, compare, analyze and clarify their position in curriculum reform. We should not only explore various factors of beauty in music textbooks, but also be good at inspiring and inducing students to guide their behavior with beauty, so that they can know beauty, experience beauty, master beauty, express beauty and create beauty by themselves in the practice of aesthetic education in schools.

Perhaps, our "words and deeds" are just a blind man's touch, and we can't spy on the whole picture of the reform of music curriculum standards, but we strive to enter the new curriculum, feel the new curriculum reform in full swing, accept the baptism of the new curriculum reform like a spring rain, join the vigorous ranks of the new curriculum reform, and suck the bits and pieces of the new curriculum reform.