What are some simple traditional cultures that young children can understand?

Traditional culture in kindergarten

1. Create a traditional cultural atmosphere with a rich audio-visual environment

The "Outline" points out: "The environment is an important educational resource. The development of young children should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment. "The environment can be said to be the third teacher of young children. Under the influence of the traditional cultural environment, young children can intuitively experience different expressions of traditional culture by interacting with the environment.

(1) Use traditional cultural elements to construct kindergarten culture

Kindergartens can adopt traditional Chinese architectural styles in kindergarten construction. For example, the outdoor leisure area can be built into a Chinese-style garden, allowing children to experience the characteristics of traditional Chinese gardens. The interior decoration can also draw lessons from the Chinese style. For example, the ceiling of the children's activity area uses Chinese window lattice ceilings, which is not only beautiful, but also can hang the art works of teachers and children. The children's activity area can be equipped with facilities and equipment with traditional Chinese culture, such as goldfish in colorful porcelain pots, small rattan chairs, kites, tea sets, bamboo screens, Chinese lockers, small bonsai, bamboo horse rocking chairs, pens, ink, paper and inkstones, folding fans, etc. , these items can not only convey national cultural information, but also be used by young children in life or games. Of course, in the process of environmental creation, professionals need to be invited to carry out the overall design, paying attention to the clever borrowing or transformation of traditional architectural styles to make them more in line with children's psychology; it is also necessary to pay attention to the coordination between traditional and modern, Chinese and Western styles. Conversion to avoid destroying the harmony of the garden culture in order to highlight tradition.

(2) Use materials that reflect the characteristics of traditional culture to decorate the public environment

Kindergartens can choose some materials, pictures and objects that can reflect the characteristics of traditional culture to display in the public area *environment. For example, in public areas of kindergartens such as stairs, aisles, and corridors, calendars, pictorials, photos, fans, etc. that reflect traditional culture such as Chinese paintings, calligraphy, ancient cultural landscapes, folk artifacts, folk activities, etc. will be posted or hung. Walls: place handicrafts, utensils and other objects with Chinese characteristics that can only be viewed on the corners, windowsills and shelves of corridors or stairs. Teachers, children and parents can enjoy it randomly when they pass by. These pictures and objects are changed every month, which not only creates an atmosphere of traditional culture, but also provides teachers, children, and parents with teaching materials to understand traditional culture. In a few years, children will be able to understand a lot of traditional cultural knowledge through viewing these pictures and objects, and form a preliminary perceptual understanding of the charm of traditional Chinese culture.

(3) Use voice materials to create an auditory environment

In addition to visual images and objects, traditional cultural education can also use audible music and language. We arrange to play folk songs or ethnic music at multiple times in children's daily life to create a listening environment. For example, during children's morning exercise and outdoor activities, play cheerful and rhythmic children's folk songs that are sung or spoken, as well as joyful, festive, and interesting folk music; Slow, beautiful folk music. These music sets are usually replaced every two months, with each set containing about 20 tracks. It should be noted that in this session, music or language is just the background, and the purpose is to immerse the children in a stronger traditional cultural atmosphere through the creation of an auditory environment. Whether it is music or nursery rhymes, children cannot be forced to learn anything, especially they are not required to recite several nursery rhymes. For example, some children are interested in rhythmic recitation and can stop the main activity and listen attentively by the speakers; while some children have never paid attention to these sounds deliberately, but this does not prevent the same sound from passing through both channels. Months of repetition left traces in his brain. This approach is to create a similar "imprinting" effect on young children through the environment.

(4) Utilize community resources to carry out traditional cultural education

Under the requirements of rich and lively early childhood education courses, early childhood education must go to the community, especially traditional cultural education. Many traditional Culture also exists in our lives in various forms.

For example, in the Tianhe Park adjacent to Guangzhou Tianhe Experimental Kindergarten, there are the Yuehui Garden, which won the championship at the World Garden Exposition, the Yuexiu Garden, an award-winning Lingnan garden in Japan, and the solemn Deng Shichang Memorial Tomb. The kindergarten uses these resources to Children are educated in gardening, architecture, calligraphy, couplets, sculpture, bonsai and other arts as well as folk culture such as memorial ceremonies and harvest celebration ceremonies. Generally speaking, the neighborhoods and towns where kindergartens are located often have local specialty snack bars or snack streets, folk craft shops, museums, art galleries, memorial halls, ancestral halls, etc. These are places where teachers and children can visit and learn traditional culture. In addition, some communities or businesses arrange a variety of entertainment and commemorative activities with folk characteristics before traditional festivals. Adults can bring children to participate in appropriate projects. Some parents' jobs are related to traditional culture, such as traditional Chinese painting painters, traditional craftsmen, traditional musical instrument players, Cantonese chefs, etc. Kindergartens can organize teachers and children to visit their workplaces, and can also invite parents to the kindergarten to carry out related activities. . In short, community resources have opened up a broader space for traditional cultural education, which should be paid attention to and made good use of.

2. Carry out hierarchical theme activities using traditional festivals as carriers

The long-standing Chinese culture has given birth to colorful traditional festivals. These festivals with rich connotations are part of traditional Chinese culture. important component. During the holidays, there is a strong traditional folk custom atmosphere and rich activities, which are deeply loved by children. This provides favorable social conditions for kindergartens to carry out theme activities based on festivals. Therefore, traditional cultural education based on festivals has become common knowledge for early childhood education workers. According to the age characteristics of children and combined with local customs, festivals that can carry out theme activities are selected, including Spring Festival-Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, etc. The most solemn Spring Festival is during the winter vacation for children, and the Lantern Festival at the beginning of school can be used as an extension of the Spring Festival, so we often connect these two festivals together to carry out theme activities.

(1) Highlight the hierarchy of festival activities

Children will have to celebrate the same festivals several times in the kindergarten. How to make these festivals reflect their characteristics and stimulate children's interest? Teachers have different overall goals for children of different ages to celebrate the festival, and the content and form of the theme activities chosen according to the actual situation of the children are also different, so that the children feel innovative and willing to participate every time they celebrate the festival. For example, children in small classes focus on feeling the festival atmosphere and participating in typical festival activities; children in middle classes focus on experiencing and preliminary understanding of the connotation of the festival; children in large classes focus on understanding the development process of the festival and understanding the content of festival activities. Reveal and enrich. Depending on factors such as children's interests, abilities, life experiences, class resources, etc., the time for each class to carry out holiday theme activities can be long or short. The long one can last up to two months. For example, the children in the top class will enter the preparatory stage for the Spring Festival after New Year's Day, and start a month-long theme activity of "Celebrating the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival" after the start of school; the short one may only be a small theme activity for a week before and after the festival. , or even just a "festive" activity on the holiday day.

(2) Pay attention to the construction of "Festival" courses

"Festival" courses can be used as a whole-school work. Our main approach is: the kindergarten business principal collects relevant information half a month before the festival and puts it on the teacher's "office platform" to remind teachers to design holiday theme activity plans; one to two weeks before the holiday, art teachers arrange corresponding public information* Create an environment that creates a festive atmosphere for the entire park; each class carries out theme activities before and after the festival, and teachers and children jointly decorate the class environment with activity works; the kitchen provides two or three "festival" activities on the day of the festival or the day before Food; the park or level group organizes large-scale festivals with the participation of teachers, children and even parents as needed. Parental involvement and support are particularly important in the "Festive" curriculum. First, parents need to create good conditions to help children accumulate real holiday experiences. Major traditional festivals are ultimately celebrated by parents at home with their children. How the family celebrates the festival directly affects the children's real experience and accumulation of experience, as well as their understanding of the connotation of the festival, and these factors will in turn affect the development of theme activities. Second, parents need to collect graphic materials during the holidays. Third, parents are required to participate in parent-child activities.

Chinese traditional culture is the crystallization of thousands of years of civilization of the Chinese nation. It has a long history, is extensive and profound, is diverse, and has its own distinctive characteristics. However, with the development of the times, some contents in traditional culture undoubtedly have limitations of the times, and some are even contrary to modern science. Therefore, not all traditional culture has inheritance significance. Preschool teachers must know how to choose and discard when carrying out traditional cultural education. In terms of educational content and educational form, they must combine the characteristics and reality of early childhood education, and be good at using scientific views on children, education, and values ??to choose traditional culture.

The importance and precautions of implementing traditional culture in kindergartens

Nowadays, many children are forced by their parents to learn foreign languages ??and take star tests since childhood. The "soil erosion" of traditional culture makes us, frontline educators, very sad. Traditional culture education is a serious problem, related to the future of our country.

The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also clearly stated that carrying forward and cultivating the national spirit must be regarded as an extremely important task in cultural construction. It can be seen that ethnic education and life education have gradually begun to be taken seriously by people.

The 21st century is a century of competition between science and technology and national quality. Especially after the WTO joins the WTO, the earth will become a home. The requirement for talents in the future is that they must have their own characteristics, and only national ones are. of the world. Nan Huaijin, a master of Chinese studies, said: "A nation needs a kind of spiritual strength to support, and a nation without cultural foundation has no hope. Without its own culture, a nation will not make progress or innovation." A nation with its own traditional foundation Only Chinese people can provide all their contributions to the world and have the ability to recognize and learn from other countries' cultures. Therefore, it is very important for children and young people to understand Chinese cultural traditions, improve their cultural quality and moral cultivation, integrate the essence of Western culture, and reshape the spirit of Chinese culture.

The soul and spirit of a country is its culture. Chinese traditional culture is the cornerstone of the Chinese nation’s standing in the world and the core value of a nation. It includes: Chinese traditional festivals, traditional costumes, traditional food, tea culture, wine culture, classical literature, calligraphy and painting, as well as our traditional Chinese folk games (cricket fighting, cockfighting), etc.

In the second-phase kindergarten curriculum reform textbook, we were also pleased to see some content about traditional Chinese culture, such as understanding some traditional festivals (Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month, Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, and the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month. Mid-Autumn Festival, etc.), experience the simple tea culture, learn about traditional clothing (Tang suit, cheongsam, etc.) and food, and carry out themed activities such as "I am Chinese" and "Celebrating the New Year". However, after careful study, it was found that the content involved was not rich enough or comprehensive enough. I think that based on the age characteristics of children, more content about classical literature can be added, such as Chinese classic stories, idiom stories, Tang poetry and Song lyrics, etc. In addition, China's traditional folk games have faced serious faults. So, what is the significance of carrying out Chinese traditional culture education in kindergartens for young children?

First of all, it can stimulate children's interest in Chinese traditional culture and germinate a sense of national pride. For example, the teaching activity "Interesting Chinese Characters" is designed to allow children to understand the origin of Chinese characters, know pictographic characters, and understand that Chinese characters are inseparable from people's lives. This can also stimulate children's interest in exploring traditional Chinese culture. In addition, through exposure to and learning about classical literature, classic stories, idiom stories, traditional festivals and folk games, children's interest in traditional Chinese culture has been significantly enhanced. In daily life, young children are very willing to recite classical literature such as The Thousand-Character Classic, the Three-Character Classic, and Tang poetry, and they have gradually become fond of some classic Chinese cartoons. They began to have some contact and understanding of Chinese folk games and activities, and from this they felt the breadth and depth of Chinese traditional culture and developed a sense of national pride.

Secondly, children’s literacy can be naturally expanded during activities. Early literacy in young children is conducive to the development of their right brain, can greatly promote their intellectual development, develop their potential, and cultivate and improve their overall quality.

Thirdly, it can cultivate children's sense of success.

Children who have experienced early reading have more knowledge and abilities than children of the same age, as well as more self-esteem, self-confidence, self-improvement and self-discipline. I teach the Thousand-Character Essay in the class. After the children learn it, they often recite it in front of their families, teachers and friends. From this, they gain a sense of success and become very confident.

Finally, children’s memory can be enhanced through learning about traditional Chinese culture. The development of a person's memory is the golden period between the ages of 6 and 13. Using the memory of early childhood to record these eternal and most valuable things is of immeasurable value to a person's lifelong learning and sustainable development. Modern psychological research has proven that children's huge memory potential is a characteristic of rapid brain development. Memorizing by memory is the most natural learning method for children. If you miss this period, you will miss the best memory period in life.

In addition, literacy is the basis of reading. The sooner you learn literacy, the sooner you can read. Reading can bring more knowledge, thinking and broader vision, improve children's intelligence, thinking, cognitive abilities and other comprehensive qualities, cultivate a person's self-learning ability, and help develop good thinking habits. And lay a solid foundation for future systematic learning of knowledge.

China is an ancient civilization with a long history of five thousand years. Its profound, magnificent and splendid traditional culture has left an extremely precious historical heritage for Chinese descendants, shining with the unique spiritual genes of the Chinese nation. It has given birth to Countless Chinese talents and celebrities throughout the ages have made Chinese culture stand tall in the world's cultural landscape. However, the rapid development of modern society has caused rapid changes in people's lives. People have absorbed a large amount of Western culture, especially our children, who are gradually attracted by foreign novelties. The children understand English, can play computer games, and like McDonald’s, KFC, Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Christmas, and carnival amusement parks, but they lack understanding of the things of their ancestors—the essence of traditional culture.

The "Guidance Outline for Kindergarten Education" points out: Kindergarten education is "an important part of basic education and the foundation stage of school education and lifelong education in our country." In today's basic education in my country, traditional cultural education, as an important learning task, is being incorporated into normal teaching objectives. Preschool education is an important part of basic education. Although there are no clear requirements in this regard, we can still deeply feel the necessity for young children to learn traditional culture from the expressions of the "Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline" currently in trial: " Guide children to actually experience the richness and excellence of the motherland's culture, and inspire children to love the motherland." Therefore, I believe that carrying out traditional cultural education is particularly important for cultivating children's good character.

First of all, children can learn about the splendid culture of the Chinese nation, deepen their understanding of the five thousand years of culture of the motherland, and enhance national pride and self-confidence. The five-character quatrains Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts", Luo Binwang's "Ode to the Goose", and Meng Haoran's "Spring Dawn" have simple semantics, natural word usage, and strong appeal; allusions such as "Kuafu Chasing the Sun" and "Pangu Opens the Sky" express Wisdom and strength; "Dancing upon the Rooster", "Mother-in-law's Tattoo" and "Lying on the Firewood and Tasting Guts" are good works that praise patriotism and establish lofty ideals.

Secondly, it allows children to receive the influence of excellent literature, improve their aesthetic ability, enrich their knowledge, enlighten their wisdom, and develop their potential. The ancients paid great attention to refining words and sentences when writing poems. It has always been "if the words are not amazing, they will never stop". "If there is no road, there will be dark willows and bright flowers, but there is another village." It expresses the beautiful and charming scenery of the mountain village, with green willows and red mountain flowers. This beautiful text and artistic conception should be an artistic enjoyment for young children. It has beautiful phonology, wonderful artistic conception, Works with concise language, such as "Yi Jiangnan", "Night Mooring at Maple Bridge", "Mountain Walk", etc., enable children to appreciate pictures rich in color, sound and flow, while feeling the beauty of artistic conception, language and emotion. Improve sensitivity to the beauty of nature and society. The idiom "three points into the wood" allows children to get to know the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi and appreciate his works.

Thirdly, it helps to shape children's personality and form traditional virtues. The cultivation of sentiment plays an irreplaceable role and lays a good foundation for cultivating children to be human beings, Chinese people, and modern Chinese people with high aspirations in the future.

At present, most children in China are only children, and the most common family model is the "four, two, one" family model. In this kind of growing environment, more and more children have common problems: lack of love, disrespect for elders, arrogance, selfishness, and poor ability to cooperate and share. In the face of various problems that children encounter as they grow up, traditional cultural education should occupy a considerable amount of content in basic education beginning in kindergarten. "Cao Chong weighs the elephant", "Kong Rong gives the pear", and "Sima Guang smashes the vat" let children understand the beautiful qualities of humility, wisdom and bravery. "Disciples' Regulations" and "Three Character Classic" help children learn to be polite to others, understand right and wrong, good and evil, good and bad, and learn to care and help others. As the saying goes, "A child is older when he is three years old, and he is older when he is seven years old." Good behavioral habits cultivated since childhood can affect a child's life. Traditional cultural classics contain many of the essence of Chinese thoughts and virtues, and there are many things worth inheriting and carrying forward. For example: love learning, respect the elderly and care for the young, be honest and trustworthy, etc. This unique charm of local culture should be nurtured and infiltrated from childhood.

However, in order to cultivate children’s good character through traditional cultural education, we should also pay attention to the following key points.

(1) The selection of traditional literary content is the key to the development of education

Traditional literature is formed in the precipitation of ancient history and has strong contemporary characteristics. Some traditional things have changed with time. The times have disappeared with continuous development, and it is difficult for young children to have relevant experience. In educational thinking, it is inevitable that some negative and feudal ideas are mixed in, and some content is difficult to learn, which is meaningless and difficult for young children to accept. Therefore, when teaching, teachers must reasonably select materials, sublate dialectics, and choose the essence of traditional literary content for early childhood education. It is necessary to appropriately adapt, abbreviate, abbreviate, etc. some difficult classical Chinese texts and idioms, and establish appropriate content based on children's interests and emotional experiences. Only in this way can splendid cultural ideas be passed on through traditional literature, and children will benefit greatly. shallow.

(2) The good quality of teachers is the guarantee for the implementation of traditional literature courses

For traditional literature to release its charm and the courses to be successful, teachers must have good skills in music, art, literature Cultivation, the ability to confidently analyze teaching materials, the ability to use effective methods to teach in a simple and in-depth manner, the ability to adapt teaching materials to inject new vitality into them, the ability to express emotions well, and the ability to freely use language and expressions to convey the connotation of works , beautiful language can make children intoxicated by the sounds, enchanted by their emotions, and receive education happily. In the research, we focus on improving the educational quality of teachers and strive to establish a group of teachers with good concepts and new qualities, which is the key to the smooth development of educational experiments. Strong guarantee.

(3) Paying attention to children’s experience and feelings is an important concept of traditional literature education

The purpose of carrying out traditional literature education is to stimulate children’s national pride, understanding of national culture and Love develops their memory, cognition, attention and other potentials during the learning process. Therefore, we must focus on guiding children to experience and let children learn in happiness, not just how many poems they can recite or how many idioms they can speak. As the only criterion for measuring the development of young children, we should instead focus on their vertical growth. This should become the basic concept of teachers.

(4) Home cooperation is an effective way to carry out traditional literature education

Parents’ understanding of the significance, implementation methods and level of traditional literature education determines the learning effect. Doing a good job as parents is the key to children’s success. To ensure interest, it is necessary to communicate with parents in a timely manner, change their ideas, provide guidance on teaching methods, let parents arrange a good reading and learning environment for their children, and let parents become role models for their children in terms of behavior. In fact, we have obtained the active cooperation of parents through various forms such as parent-teacher meetings and literary salons, and carried out education in a coordinated manner, which has indeed achieved good results.

Continue reading