What is the concept of modern financial management?

how to do a good job in enterprise financial management With the constant change of economic situation and the gradual improvement of modern enterprise system, a good modern enterprise should be an organization composed of many subsystems such as personnel management, production management, marketing management and financial accounting management. Among them, financial accounting is the foundation and support of various management activities, and enterprise managers need to make correct decisions according to the data provided by the financial department. Some experts said: "In the new era, finance plays the role of 67 warehouses. Any intellectual capital will eventually be transformed into finance ".Financial management permeates all fields and links of enterprises. It is the foundation of all economic activities of an enterprise, which is directly related to its survival and development. Under the background of economic globalization and highly developed market economy, doing a good job in enterprise financial management can improve the overall management level of the whole enterprise and realize sustainable development. It can be seen that financial management plays a very important role in enterprises. I. Definition of Financial Management Financial management refers to the management of asset purchase (investment), capital financing (financing), cash flow in operation (working capital) and profit distribution under a certain overall goal. Financial management is an integral part of enterprise management. It is an economic management activity that organizes enterprise financial activities and handles financial relations according to financial laws and regulations and the principles of financial management. To put it simply, financial management is an economic management work to organize enterprise financial activities and deal with financial relations. Second, the content, characteristics and importance of financial management 1. The content of financial management is divided into fund-raising management, investment management, working capital management and profit distribution management. 2, the characteristics of enterprise financial management: (1), involving a wide range. First of all, as far as the enterprise is concerned, financial management activities involve all aspects of production, supply and sales, and there is no phenomenon that all departments within the enterprise are not connected with funds. Every department is also subject to financial guidance, supervision and restraint in rational use of funds, saving capital expenditure and improving capital utilization rate. At the same time, the financial management department itself provides timely, accurate, complete and continuous basic information for enterprise production management, marketing management, quality management, human resource management and other activities. Secondly, the financial management of modern enterprises also involves various relationships outside the enterprise. (2), comprehensive. Under the modern enterprise system, enterprise management is a complex system composed of production management, marketing management, quality management, technology management, equipment management, personnel management, financial management, material management and many other subsystems. In other words, financial management permeates all business activities, involving every link of production, supply and sales and all elements of people, money and things. Therefore, grasping the internal management of enterprises takes financial management as a breakthrough, and coordinates, promotes and controls the production and business activities of enterprises through value management. (3) High sensitivity. Under the market economy system, enterprises become market-oriented independent legal entities and market competition subjects. In order to survive and develop, enterprises must expand their income, which means a corresponding increase in people, money and things. Will be fully reflected in the financial affairs of enterprises in the form of capital flow, and have a significant impact on the completion of financial indicators. Therefore, financial management is the foundation and center of all management. Doing a good job in financial management is to grasp the bull's nose of enterprise management, and management will be implemented. 3, the importance of doing a good job in enterprise financial management (1), pay attention to people's development and management concepts, is the basic trend of modern enterprise management development, but also the objective requirement of the economic era. With the advent of the knowledge economy era, the concept of people-oriented financial management has been deeply rooted in people's hearts, and every financial activity in enterprise management is initiated, operated and managed by people. Therefore, the quality of enterprise development directly depends on the strength of financial management, that is, depends on the knowledge, wisdom and efforts of financial personnel. Doing a good job in financial management and establishing a clear financial operation mechanism are the basic requirements for enterprises to effectively carry out various tasks. (2) As a means of management, financial management runs through all aspects of business activities to ensure the realization of the goal of maximizing enterprise value. Linking financial management with business activities can ensure that there will be no major capital problems in marketing activities, closely grasp the capital trends, and increase the management and supervision of corporate debt, assets, investment recovery, cash back and asset appreciation. (3) Scientific financial management ensures that enterprises expand production and promote the development of enterprises while operating normally. Financial management can guide the in-depth development of various management work, and comprehensively reflect the process and final results of various management work, formulate financial plans according to the overall goal and actual situation of enterprises, control costs, maximize the utilization of resources, and at the same time, prevent unnecessary expenses and waste in the production process. (4) A perfect financial management system is an important guarantee for enterprise competition. Under the new economic situation, the cooperation between enterprises in the international community is deepening, and automobiles, networks, telecommunications, finance, insurance and some manufacturing industries are integrated with each other and develop together. Although the competitors in the past have turned into partners, the competition between them still exists. Therefore, a scientific and perfect management system can greatly enhance the competitive strength of enterprises and escort them. Iii. Problems and Solutions in Financial Management of State-owned Enterprises 1. Problems in Financial Management of State-owned Enterprises State-owned enterprises are the main source of national finance, the basis for implementing the socialist system and occupy a leading position in all fields of society. With the gradual development of China's socialist market economy, the deep-seated problems in financial management of state-owned enterprises have gradually emerged. If this phenomenon is left unchecked and not adjusted as soon as possible, state-owned enterprises will face difficulties. (1). The financial concept is backward, and the overall quality is not high. Because the state-owned enterprises have been under the protection of their own governments for a long time, there are factors such as lack of awareness of risk prevention. With the development of market economy and China's entry into WTO, the focus of profit-making enterprises should shift from production management to financial management. However, financial personnel are indifferent to enterprise decision-making, know little about it, and can't pay attention to the essence of enterprise financial decision-making, which leads to mistakes and deviations in practical work. Financial personnel should constantly learn relevant legal knowledge and improve their legal awareness. However, some enterprises still fail to implement this policy, which leads to the disconnection between enterprise development and general development, imperfect management mechanism, chaotic financial management and aging business knowledge of relevant business personnel. (2) The financial management system is not perfect. Because enterprises only pay attention to economic development, regardless of market orientation, it will inevitably lead to the relaxation of economic accounting and the imperfection of financial management. If the financial management system is not perfect, it will hinder the realization of financial management objectives. The financial management of state-owned enterprises in China is still in the original traditional management mode and lacks experience in supervision. In particular, listed companies have many subsidiaries, which will inevitably lead to great problems in the management of company accounts. In addition, human factors within each company make the accounts unclear and opaque, leading to the lack of management and supervision. (3) Loss and waste of assets State-owned enterprises have been under the wing of the government for a long time, and their management awareness is weak, which easily leads to waste of resources and loss of assets. The main reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: first, failure to follow scientific decision-making procedures, lack of preliminary demonstration of projects or investment equipment, resulting in project failure or equipment idle; Blind foreign investment causes investment to be cheated and lost; Unauthorized external borrowing and external guarantee cause losses; Other decision-making mistakes cause losses. Second, poor management leads to loss, poor planning leads to excessive procurement, backlog and waste, and lax management leads to problems such as "running, running, dripping and leaking" and long-term arrears of loans; The rights of important posts are too concentrated and lack of constraints, which leads to the abuse of rights and the loss of assets. Third, violations of laws, regulations and disciplines cause loss. Corruption, embezzlement, private distribution of state-owned property, trading with state-owned assets in economic exchanges for personal gain, etc., have caused losses of state-owned assets. There are also the loss of assets evaluation, the loss of property right transfer in reform and restructuring, the loss of management vacancy and violation of financial system: setting up "small treasury" privately, crowding out costs, falsifying costs, deducting depreciation less, exceeding the standard of hospitality, extravagance and waste, etc., resulting in the loss of state-owned assets. The significance of solving the problems existing in the financial management of state-owned enterprises; state-owned enterprises control the economic center of our country, are the lifeblood of our economy, and are the important economic foundation of our party's governance. Solving the problems existing in the financial management of state-owned enterprises will be more conducive to the long-term development of state-owned enterprises; It is beneficial for state-owned enterprises to improve their own management level and improve their international competitiveness; Conducive to the country to improve its position in the world economic forest; It is helpful for the national economy to achieve the grand goal of fast and good development. It has a lot of practical significance for a country's faster and better development. Fourth, how to do a good job in enterprise financial management In order to better adapt to the development of market economy and the requirements of market economy conditions, optimize the resource allocation of state-owned enterprises' resources, and realize the preservation and appreciation of state-owned enterprises' capital, the following measures are put forward in view of the aforementioned problems in state-owned financial management: 1. The concept of financial management needs to be updated, and the development of emerging technology makes the role of financial management knowledge in enterprise management more and more obvious, but the operators and financial personnel of enterprises are considering it. Therefore, to strengthen enterprise financial management, we must update the concept of financial management. (1) The concept of pan-financial resources The concept of pan-financial resources can be divided into hard financial resources and soft financial resources. The concept of resources in traditional financial management refers to capital, which belongs to hard resources; Soft resources refer to intangible assets based on intelligence, including knowledge resources and time resources. It is usually divided into four categories: market resources, intellectual property rights, human resources and organizational management resources. Therefore, knowledge has become the primary capital for economic development and changed the resource structure of enterprises. It requires the managers and financial personnel of enterprises to establish the financial concept of "pan-resources" and increase investment in soft resources in order to obtain higher value. (2) People-oriented financial management concept "people" is the main body of society, the world is created by people, and the energy of "people" is infinite, especially in the era of knowledge economy, people pay not only for their own interests, but also to reflect their own values, get social recognition and become a useful member of society. "People-oriented management" requires the managers of enterprises to take people as the foundation, treat employees as "social people" instead of "economic people", embody human nature in management practice, and treat management in a manner that considers all human nature, so that people's dominant position in management can be reflected to a greater extent. Successful enterprises will put the management concept of "people-oriented management" in the first place and establish a perfect salary and welfare system to stimulate employees' sense of responsibility. (3) the concept of all-round financial management The concept of all-round financial management is to change the concept of financial management with financial personnel as the management center, implement financial management with all-round financial management and democratic participation, and let every department and personnel in the enterprise participate in the management. For this reason, financial personnel should put an end to "behind closed doors" in financial work such as formulation and budget, so as to connect production, planning and market development departments horizontally. Formulate various feasible financial budgeting and management methods. Divide small internal accounting units vertically, decompose financial indicators layer by layer, and implement them to each department, grass-roots unit and individual; From asset management to material consumption, it is decomposed item by item, managed by designated personnel, and financial management is implemented in all links and levels of business management. Really achieve "a thousand gold burdens are picked by everyone, and everyone has indicators on their shoulders." So as to improve employees' awareness of financial management. To establish the concept of financial management for all employees is to infiltrate financial management into every detail of enterprise management and realize the integration of enterprise financial management and business development, thus expanding the service function of financial management, tapping the potential value of financial management, and creating economic benefits for enterprises to the maximum extent by pursuing high value-added financial activities. (4) The concept of risk financing Risk investment refers to the initial risk investment provided by venture capitalists for new companies or new products with development potential. With the long-term high-speed economic growth, many high-tech enterprises with high growth and strong innovation ability have emerged. Venture capital is targeted at high-tech industries. When the invested enterprises enter a stable development stage, venture capital companies will recover their investment through stock listing or transfer, and high-tech industries generally have two characteristics: first, high risk; The second is high profitability. Attracted by huge profits, a large number of venture capitalists invest in high-tech industries, which greatly promotes the development of high-tech industries and makes the proportion of venture capital with high-tech industries as its content in the total investment of enterprises increase day by day. At the same time, the high risk of high-tech industry makes the investment risk of enterprises far exceed the traditional enterprise economy. So as to further enhance the awareness of risk investment and risk management in financial management. (5) The concept of information financial management In the modern market economy, all economic activities must be guided by fast, accurate and complete information, and information has become an important medium of market economic activities. Moreover, with the advent of the era of knowledge economy, the new information technology revolution with digital technology as the forerunner and information superhighway as the main content has greatly accelerated the speed of information dissemination, processing and feedback. So that the transaction can be completed in an instant. All economic activities in modern market economy need fast, accurate and complete economic information, which determines that enterprise financial managers must firmly establish the concept of information-based financial management, collect, analyze and use information comprehensively, accurately, quickly and effectively, and serve financial decision-making and capital utilization. (6) Knowledge-based financial management concepts, financial management methods, financial management methods and other knowledge content will become the key factor for whether financial management is innovative or not. Enterprises should establish financial evaluation indicators that reflect the value of knowledge capital and evaluate the role of knowledge capital and human capital in enterprise investment and financing decisions, which requires financial managers to always pay attention to the update of knowledge and pay attention to the development and changes of knowledge economy with a keen mind. Standing at the forefront of knowledge economy. 2. Improve the financial management system. State-owned enterprises have established a relatively complete management mechanism from macro-control to micro-management, which has taken a powerful step in building a market economy in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. However, there are still many imperfections in the internal financial management of state-owned enterprises in China. In order to adhere to the principle of treating both the symptoms and the root causes, the existing problems should be improved. Specific practices: the laws and regulations formulated by financial management departments should be raised to those formulated by national functional departments, so as to prevent excessive concentration of functions and powers and ensure the state supervision of state-owned enterprises' finances; Adjust and improve the management of state-owned enterprises, conduct comprehensive assessment, and increase the corresponding punishment; Strengthen the reform of managing the accounting industry according to law and implement the accountability system. 3. Establish and improve the financial supervision mechanism The leading group of state-owned enterprises is equivalent to the brain of an enterprise. To solve the problems existing in financial management, enterprises must first organize and lead their own departments, strengthen financial supervision, establish and improve the economic accounting system while improving cost management, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of economic activities, so as to achieve the purpose of improving economic efficiency. It is necessary to standardize accounting work and strictly standardize accounting audit and financial revenue and expenditure supervision. Correctly calculate income and cost, regularly carry out financial inventory and account verification, ensure that the accounts are consistent with the actual situation, and prevent confusion in the accounts. At the same time, the supervisory board of state-owned enterprises should strengthen supervision and promote the continuous updating of the supervision system. The work of the board of supervisors can effectively curb the distortion of financial information and effectively promote the financial leadership and supervision mechanism of state-owned enterprises. 4, combined with financial management, improve the enterprise