How to prevent malignant tumors

First-level prevention: Strengthen cancer prevention health education, change bad behaviors and lifestyles, and encourage smoking cessation and alcohol restriction to achieve the purpose of reducing cancer risk factors. Promote a reasonable diet, eat more fresh vegetables and foods rich in vitamins A, E, C and dietary fiber; reduce the fat content in food; control salted, smoked and nitrite processed foods; do not eat moldy, burnt or Overheated food. Control environmental pollution and strengthen the control and elimination of occupational carcinogens. To control infection, for malignant tumors related to biological factors, vaccination can be taken to prevent infection. For example, vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine is of great significance in controlling the incidence of liver cancer.

Second level prevention: preventive screening for high-risk groups. The internationally recognized more effective screenings include: cervical exfoliated cell smear screening for cervical cancer; breast self-examination, clinical examination and X-ray photography Screening for breast cancer; fecal occult blood, digital anal examination, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy for colorectal cancer; serum prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer. Carry out anti-cancer propaganda and be alert to pre-cancerous symptoms. Pay attention to the ten early symptoms of cancer: lumps in any part of the body such as the breast, neck or abdomen, especially those that gradually increase in size; no lumps in any part of the body such as tongue, cheeks, skin, etc. Ulcers caused by trauma, especially those that do not heal for a long time; Abnormal bleeding or secretions, such as irregular vaginal bleeding or increased secretions in middle-aged and older women; Swelling, burning, foreign body sensation, or progressive substernal swelling when eating Aggravated dysphagia; persistent dry cough, hoarseness, or blood in sputum; long-term indigestion, progressive loss of appetite, weight loss, and no clear cause has been found; changes in bowel habits or blood in the stool; nasal congestion, nosebleeds, unilateral Headache or accompanied by double vision; vegetations or moles suddenly enlarge or have ulceration, bleeding, or loss of original hair; painless hematuria.

Third level prevention: For patients with malignant tumors, it is necessary to provide standardized diagnosis and treatment plans and rehabilitation guidance. Through comprehensive treatment, we can prevent post-operative disability and the transfer of tumor cells, relieve the patient's pain as much as possible, and prolong the patient's life. , improve survival rate and quality of life, and provide analgesia and hospice care to terminal patients.