What does it mean to know that the past can be traced back, but not far away?

"Don't remonstrate with the past, those who know it will pursue it. It's not far from being lost. I don't think today is yesterday. "I realize that the mistakes of the past are irreversible and know that there is still time to remedy them in the future. Going astray is probably not far away. I have realized that what I am doing now is right and what I did before is wrong.

-From where?

Tao Yuanming's "Xi Ci" in Wei and Jin Dynasties

-Original works

My family is poor and I am not self-sufficient in farming. Naive and full of room, no millet in the bottle, born and endowed, not seen its skills. Some relatives and friends even advised Yu to be an officer, but he was pregnant and asked for the Tao. There will be things in all directions. The princes take love as their virtue, and my uncle is poor, so I use it in a small town. At that time, the wind and rain were not calm, and he was afraid to go far. Pengze went home for a hundred miles, and the benefits of the commons were full of wine. So I asked for it. And after a few days, there is a feeling of returning to China as soon as possible. What is this? Nature is nature, not obtained through revision. Although hunger and cold cut, but it is against their own diseases. Everyone who tastes from personnel is selfish. So I was disappointed, generous and deeply ashamed of my lifelong ambition. I still look forward to a glimpse, when I put away my clothes and die overnight. Sung Hoon's sister died in Wuchang, and she was relieved of her post. Mid-autumn festival to winter, more than 80 days in the official. Because things are going well, Life is called "Back to Xi". B I'm four in November.

Back in Xi, will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? Without remonstrating with the past, you can pursue what you know. Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.

It looks forward to Yu Heng and runs with joy. Servants are welcome and children are waiting for the door. The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room, there will be wine bottles. Lead the pot to think for yourself and make the court happy. Leaning against the south window to send lofty sentiments, judge your knees to be comfortable. Garden Day includes fun, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.

Come back, please rest assured that you will never travel again. The world is against me, what can I ask for? Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that he wanted to do something with Xichou. Or a towel cart, or a boat This is not only a gentle and elegant road to find ravines, but also a rugged road through hills. Wood is thriving and spring is blooming. When everything is fine, I feel that my journey of life is over.

I don't hold grudges anymore! How long does it take to get back into space? Do you want to stay? What does Hu Wei want? Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. When you are pregnant, you can go alone or plant a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. Chatting until the end, Loew's fate is ridiculous!

-translation of works.

My family is poor, so I can't farm by myself. There are many children, there is no food in the rice jar, and everything needed to maintain life has not been solved. Most of my relatives and friends advised me to be an official, and I had the same idea in my heart, but I lacked access to officials. Just in time to catch up with the officials who sent envoys, the local officials took love as their virtue, and my uncle was appointed as the official of the small county because his family was poor (trying to help me). At that time, the society was in turmoil, and I dared not go to a distant place to be an official. Pengze county was a hundred miles away from home, and the grain harvested by the farm was enough to make wine, so he asked to go there. After a few days, I began to feel homesick. Why is this? Nature is allowed to be natural, which is reluctant; Although hunger and cold are urgent, it is against the original intention to be an official, and it hurts both physically and mentally. In the past, when I was an official, I always treated myself to dinner. So I am disappointed and deeply ashamed of my life wishes. Wait another year, then pack up and leave overnight. Soon, my sister who married the Cheng family died in Wuchang. She was anxious to be removed from her official position. I have been working for more than eighty days from the second month of autumn to winter. I resigned and got my wish, so I wrote an article entitled "Looking Back". At this time, it was November of the third year of B (the first year of Jin 'an Emperor Yi Xi).

Go home! The countryside is going to be deserted, why not go back? Since you let your heart be driven by your body, why should you be disappointed and sad alone? Recognize that past mistakes are irreversible and know that there is still time to remedy them in the future. Going astray is probably not far away. I have realized that what I am doing now is right and what I did before is wrong. The boat floated gently on the water, and the breeze blew the clothes. Ask pedestrians about the road ahead, but it's just dawn.

Just seeing my humble home, I ran over with joy. The boy came to meet him with joy, and the children waited in front of the door or in the yard. The path in the yard is going to be deserted, and pine trees and chrysanthemums are still growing there; I took the children into the house, and the wine bottle was full. I picked up the hip flask and poured it myself, looking at the court tree and showing a happy look; By the south window, I trust my pride and know that this small place is easy to reassure me. Walking in the garden every day (alone) becomes fun, and the door of the small garden is often closed; Walking on crutches, always looking up into the distance. White clouds naturally float out of the mountain peaks, and tired birds know to fly back to their nests; The sun is dim, and the sun is about to set. I can't bear to leave, and my hands are lonely and loose.

Go home! Let me cut off my friends from the outside world. Everything about them doesn't suit my interest. What do you want to pursue when you drive out? Chatting with friends and relatives makes me happy, and playing the piano and reading can make me forget the sorrow; The farmer told me that spring was coming, and he was going to farm in the west. Sometimes driving a covered car, sometimes rowing a boat, along the deep and winding valley, through the rugged hills. Trees are thriving and springs are flowing slowly. I envy everything in the prosperous season and sigh that life is coming to an end.

Forget it! How long can the body rest between heaven and earth? Why not follow one's inclinations and let nature live and die? Why are you unhappy? Where else do you want to go? Wealth is not what I want, and there is no hope of ascending to heaven. Cherish the beautiful scenery, I will enjoy it alone, or weed with crutches; Climbing up the eastern hillside, I screamed at the edge of Qingxi and recited poems; Let's follow the changes of nature and reach the end of life. Happy life, what is there to doubt?

-Creative background.

In the first year of Yi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405), Tao Yuanming abandoned his official position and returned to the field, and wrote "Returning to the Ci". Tao Yuanming became an official at the age of 29 and has been an official for thirteen years. He has always hated officialdom and yearned for the countryside. At the age of 4 1 in the first year of Yixi, he became an official for the last time. After more than 80 days in Pengze County, he resigned and went home. I never came out to be an official again. According to Tao Qian Biography of Song Dynasty and Tao Yuanming Biography of Xiao Tong, Tao Yuanming retired out of dissatisfaction with decadent reality. At that time, the county tour visited Pengze, and officials asked him to greet him with a belt to show his respect. He said angrily, "I don't want to bend over to the children in the village for five buckets of rice!" " "On the same day, I hung up my crown and left my post. I gave the word" come home to Xi "to clarify my thoughts.

-Appreciation of works.

This article was written at the beginning of the author's resignation, describing his life interest and inner feelings after his resignation, showing his understanding of officialdom and thinking about life, and expressing his spiritual understanding of leading an honest and clean life. By describing specific scenes and activities, the work creates a quiet, comfortable, pleasant and natural artistic conception, and entrusts his life ideal. The language is simple, expressive, ingenious and refined, with sincere feelings, far-reaching artistic conception and strong appeal. The structural arrangement is rigorous and thorough, the prose sequence focuses on narration, and the verse and fu are full of lyricism, each performing its own duties, becoming a "double beauty" trend.

Orderliness before resignation is an excellent essay. From "I come from a poor family" to "I seek for it because of my poor family", I briefly describe my tortuous experience of being an official because of my poor family. Among them, "relatives and friends advised Yu to be an official, but he was pregnant" and "Peng Ze went home for a hundred miles, and the benefits of the commons were enough, so he asked for it", which wrote the joy and yearning he had when he was an official in the past, showing the simplicity of the poet's nature. From the second half of Jishaori to Ye Si in November, I wrote down the reasons why I decided to abandon my official position and return to the field. "Nature is natural, but the income is not excessive", which is the fundamental reason for abandoning officials. After several official careers, the poet knows that "self-service" is to lose himself and "be deeply ashamed of his lifelong ambition". Therefore, "hunger and freezing are all cut", and we are never willing to "fight against ourselves and get sick". Although the language is gentle, the will is as firm as a rock and there is no turning back. As for the "self-termination" because of the loss of my sister, it is only a superficial reason. The preface is a reflection on the road of the first half of life. Ci is the imagination and yearning for a new life when he left the officialdom at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty.

The language of this article is exquisite. Poetry is mainly composed of six sentences, including three, four, seven and eight-character sentences, which are catchy and melodious. The words "zhi", "one" and "two" in the sentence are soothing and elegant. Sometimes with overlapping words, there is a strong sense of music. For example, "the boat is swaying, the wind is fluttering and blowing clothes" and "Mu Xinxin, spring water begins to flow". Use more antithetical sentences, no matter right or wrong, they are just right. Description is combined with lyricism and discussion, sometimes writing scenery, sometimes lyricism and sometimes discussion, which is scenic, affectionate, rational and interesting.

-About the author-

Tao Yuanming (about 365 ~ 427), with a clear word, changed his name to Qian in his later years, and his word was profound and clear. Mr. Wu Liu, nicknamed Mr. Jingjie, is called Mr. Jingjie. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. An outstanding poet, lyricist and essayist at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Liu Song Dynasty. Known as "the Sect of Hermit Poets" and "the originator of pastoral poetry". He is the first literary master in Jiangxi. He served as Jiangzhou Wine Sacrifice, Jianwei Army, Zhenjun, and Pengze County Order, and the last official position was Pengze County Order. He left his post for more than 80 days and retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China, and is known as the "School of Ancient and Modern Hermit Poetry", with a collection of Tao Yuanming.